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Epolactaene 2 was isolated from the culture broth of a marine microbe and showed potent neurite
outgrowth activity,2 and fusarin C 3 was isolated from fungus as a mutagenic agent.3a Additionally,
fusarin-related compounds were used to show neurite outgrowth activity similar to that shown in 2.3b
Among these compounds, epolactaene 2 was the only one to be synthesized and for which absolute
stereochemistry was determined.6 Extensive spectroscopic studies elucidated every aspect of the structure
of 1 except for the absolute stereochemistry of the epoxy-γ-lactam part and the relative configuration of
two methyl groups on the side chain (C23 and C24).1 Recently, Clark and Ellard synthesized the syn-
and anti-5 corresponding C12–C25 fragments of the side chain of 1.7 By comparing the calculated8
and observed NMR spectra between syn-5, anti-5, and 1, they deduced that the relative configuration
of the C23 and C24 methyl groups is syn. However, construction of the optically active epoxy-γ-lactam
moiety still remains to be performed. In this paper we wish to report on the asymmetric synthesis of the
epoxy-γ-lactam part 4 as a model compound.
We postulated that both 1 and 2 have the same absolute configuration for the epoxy-γ-lactam part since
both may be biosynthesized through the same pathway starting from amino acid precursors. Therefore,
(3R,4R)-epoxy lactam 4a (R=Ph) was selected for the target model of 1. According to our previously
reported asymmetric total synthesis of 2 via a syn selective aldol reaction,6a 4a was synthesized in 12
steps from the known (S)-aldehyde 7 as shown in Scheme 1. This time, the anti selective aldol reaction9
between racemic α-alkoxy aldehyde and malonate ester enolate was applied to optically active aldehyde
(S)-7.
Scheme 1. Reagents and conditions: i, ZnCl2, LiCH(CO2But)2, THF, −78°C (75%); ii, Me3SiOTf, 2,6-lutidine, CH2Cl2, 0°C
(70%); iii, LiHMDS, THF, −46°C to room temp. then I2, THF, −46°C; iv, TBAF, THF, −46°C to room temp. (64% from 9); v,
Pd(OH)2, H2, MeOH, 50°C (93%); vi, HCO2H, room temp.; vii, Me(MeO)NH·HCl, PyBOP®, i-Pr2EtN, CH2Cl2, 0°C (84%
from 12); viii, NH3, MeOH, room temp.; ix, Me3SiOTf, 2,6-lutidine, CH2Cl2, room temp. (73% from 14); x, (E)-BrCH_CHPh,
t-BuLi, THF, −78°C (80%); xi, 3HF·Et3N, DMF, room temp. (82%); xii, Dess–Martin reagent, CH2Cl2, room temp. then SiO2,
room temp. (89%)
The aldehyde (S)-710 was readily prepared from commercially available (S)-(+)-6 {[α]D +18 (c
22
1, CHCl3)} in four steps according to the reported procedure.11 An aldol reaction between aldehyde