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Journal Name
RSC Advances
DOI: 10.1039/C4RA03129F
the amine groups in the UiOꢀ66 shell of the composite. Fig.4 shows
the conversion of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and formation of the
benzaldehyde intermediate that is reacted through the consecutive
Knoevenagel condensation with malononitrile to give the final
benzylidene malononitrile product. The mass fractions of the ZSMꢀ5
and UiOꢀ66 in the composite catalyst are 58.6 wt% and 41.4 wt%,
respectively, analyzed from thermalgravimetric analysis (Fig.S4, ESI
†). A systematic modulation on the fractions of zeolite and MOF
components in the composite by tuning the ratios of their precursor
materials in the synthesis will optimize the composite catalyst for
desired cascade reactions. The integration of MOF and zeolite into a
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the ACSꢀ
Petroleum Research Fund (ACSꢀPRF) and National Science
Foundation (CBETꢀ1264599). We acknowledge the support of
the Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab. The NispLab is
supported in part by the NSF as a MRSEC shared experimental
facility.
Notes and references
a Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of
Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742.
single particle assures uniform mixing of dual functionality of the † Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: Experimental
procedures and materials characterization, elemental composition analysis
from energy dispersive xꢀray spectroscopy, N2 adsorptionꢀdesorption
isotherms and textural property of these materials, thermalgravimetric
analysis, and catalytic cascade reactions over bare zeolite and MOF
catalyst. See DOI: 10.1039/c000000x/
catalyst for cascade reactions in fixed bed reactors in comparison
with physical mixture of both materials.
100
80
60
40
20
0
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5
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Time (h)
Fig. 4 Results of the catalytic activity of ZSMꢀ5@UiOꢀ66ꢀNH2
composite for acetal hydrolysisꢀKnoevenagel condensation cascade
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Conclusions
In conclusion, ZSMꢀ5@UiOꢀ66 coreꢀshell composite
particles were synthesized by solvothermal growth of UiOꢀ66
shell on the surface of ZSMꢀ5 particles that were preꢀ
synthesized via hydrothermal crystallization. Postꢀsynthetic
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MOFs for a variety of applications in the future.
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