Design, synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel anthranilic diamides containing polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole moiety

Article abstract of DOI:10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.015

In order to discover new molecules with good insecticidal activities, a series of anthranilic diamides containing polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole were designed and synthesized, and their structures were characterized by ¹H NMR and HRMS. Bioassays demonstrated that some of the title compound exhibited excellent insecticidal activities. The larvicidal activities of compound 8a, 8c, 8g, 8k and 8l against Mythimna separata Walker were 100% at 0.8?mg/L. The insecticidal activities of compound 8a, 8c, 8e, 8g, 8k and 8l against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus were 100% at 0.4?mg/L. Surprisingly compounds 8a and 8c still showed 100% larvicidal activities against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus at 0.08?mg/L comparable to the commercialized Chlorantraniliprole. The LC₅₀ of compound 8a and 8c against M. separata is 0.048 and 0.043?mg/L respectively.

Full text of DOI:10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.015

Accepted Manuscript
Title: Design, synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel
anthranilic diamides containing polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole
moiety
Authors: Jian-Jun Shi, Gui-Hua Ren, Ning-Jie Wu, Jian-Quan
Weng, Tian-Ming Xu, Xing-Hai Liu, Cheng-Xia Tan
PII:
S1001-8417(17)30187-0
DOI:
Reference:
http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.015
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15-5-2017
Please cite this article as: Jian-Jun Shi, Gui-Hua Ren, Ning-Jie Wu, Jian-Quan Weng,
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Design, synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel anthranilic diamides
containing polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole moiety
Jian-Jun Shi,a,b Gui-Hua Ren,a Ning-Jie Wu,c Jian-Quan Weng a, Tian-Ming Xu,c Xing-Hai Liu,a* Cheng-
Xia Tana*
a College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
b School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245041, China
c Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou 310023, China
 Corresponding authors.
E-mail addresses: xhliu@zjut.edu.cn (X.-H. Liu), tanchengxia@zjut.edu.cn(C.-X. Tan).
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received 3 February 2017
Received in revised form 27 March 2017
Accepted 7 April 2017
Available online
Graphical Abstract
A novel series of anthranilic diamides with polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole motif was designed and synthesized. They possessed good insecticidal
activity.
ABSTRACT
In order to discover new molecules with good insecticidal activities, a series of anthranilic diamides containing polyfluoroalkyl
1
pyrazole were designed and synthesized, and their structures were characterized by H NMR and HRMS. Bioassays demonstrated that
some of the title compound exhibited excellent insecticidal activities. The larvicidal activities of compound 8a, 8c, 8g, 8k and 8l
against Mythimna separata Walker were 100% at 0.8 mg/L. The insecticidal activities of compound 8a, 8c, 8e, 8g, 8k and 8l against
Plutella xylostella Linnaeus were 100% at 0.4 mg/L. Surprisingly compounds 8a and 8c still showed 100% larvicidal activities against
Plutella xylostella Linnaeus at 0.08 mg/L comparable to the commercialized Chlorantraniliprole. The LC50 of compound 8a and 8c
against M. separata is 0.048 and 0.043 mg/L respectively.
Keywords:
Polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole carboxamide
Insecticidal activity
Chlorantraniliprole
Ryanodine receptors

1. Introduction
Chemical pesticides are the major methods of controlling arthropod pests which reduced the productivity of crop. To overcome the
insects resistance caused by high frequent application of insecticides, there is a great demand to develop insecticidal compounds with
novel modes of action [1-2]. Ryanodine receptor (RyR), known as the calcium ion channel receptor, provides an effective pesticide
target for commercial exploitation [3]. Anthranilic diamides potently activate the RyR leading to interrupt the normal contraction of the
muscle via releasing stored calcium from the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum [4]. Recently, anthranilic diamides have attracted more
attention especially for development of commercial insecticides (such as Chlorantraniliprole [5] and Cyantraniliprole [6], Fig. 1), and
many anthranilic diamide compounds had been reported [7-13].
It is well-known that the pyrazolyl heterocycles derivatives have been widely used in agriculture, such as insecticidal activity [14],
nematicidal activity [15-19], herbicidal activity [20], fungicidal activity [21,22]. Moreover, some per(poly)fluoroalkyl pyrazole
derivatives (such as compound A and B; Fig.1) with high insecticidal activity have been discovered recently [23-25].
In our continuing research on biologically active heterocycles [26-30], the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole was selected as a lead
compound, the Br group of Chlorantraniliprole was replaced by a per(poly)fluoroalkyl pyrazole group, a series of novel title anthranilic
diamide compounds were designed and synthesized. The insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata Walker and Plutella
xylostella Linnaeus of title compounds were evaluated.
2. Results and discussion
2.1 Synthesis and spectra
During our study on cyclization of 3-chloro-2-hydrazinylpyridine with diethyl maleate, we found that appropriate concentration of
sodium ethoxide used as catalyst was prepared by 2.0 equivalent sodium and 11 equivalent ethanol (corresponding to the starting
compound 2), while the cyclization product 3 was isolated in poor yield with 22 equivalent ethanol. The title compounds 8a-8p were
readily obtained in 52.1%–77.4% yields through the ring-opening reaction of compound 7 with different amine at room temperature.
1
1
The structures of title compounds were identified by H NMR and HRMS. In the H NMR spectra of 8a-8p, singlet peak around δ
3.85-3.90 was assigned as the methyl proton of pyrazole. Signals corresponding to the proton of the pyrazole ring were observed at δ
6.83 - 7.12. The proton of 5-position on the pyridine ring appeared as doublet of doublets at δ 7.37 - 7.40 with coupling constants 8.0
Hz and 4.7 Hz. The signal peak at δ 9.98 - 10.60 could be attributed to the active proton of aromatic amide. The HRMS showed an ion
peak of M+H+, which was consistent with the calculated mass value of the compounds.
1-(3-Chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-(4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)-3-((1-methyl-3-(perfluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-
1H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide 8a: Light yellow solid, m.p. 183 – 185 oC, yield 55.1%. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600MHz):
δ 10.60 (s, 1H, CONH), 8.42 (dd, 1H, J = 4.7, 1.5 Hz, pyridine-H), 7.86 (dd, 1H, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, pyridine-H), 7.59 (s, 2H, Ph-H), 7.38
(dd, 1H, J = 8.0, 4.7 Hz, pyridine-H), 6.74 (s, 1H, Pyrazole-H), 6.27 (q, 1H, J = 4.8 Hz, NHCH3), 3.88 (s, 3H, Pyrazole-CH3), 3.01 (d,
3H, J = 4.9 Hz, NHCH3), 2.25 (s, 3H, Ph-CH3); HRMS calcd. for C26H18ClF8N8O3 ([M + H]+) 677.1057, found 677.1063.
1-(3-Chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-(4-cyano-2-(isopropylcarbamoyl)-6-methylphenyl)-3-((1-methyl-3-(perfluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-
1H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide 8c: Light yellow solid, m.p. 187 – 189 oC, yield 53.1%. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600MHz):
δ 10.61 (s, 1H, CONH), 8.43 (dd, 1H, J = 4.7, 1.6 Hz, pyridine-H), 7.85 (dd, 1H, J = 8.0, 1.6 Hz, pyridine-H), 7.58 (d, 2H, J = 5.1 Hz,
Ph-H), 7.38 (dd, 1H, J = 8.0, 4.7 Hz, pyridine-H), 6.73 (s, 1H, Pyrazole-H), 6.02 (d, 1H, J = 7.7 Hz, NHCH), 4.27 – 4.19 (m, 1H,
NHCH), 3.89 (s, 3H, Pyrazole-CH3), 2.25 (s, 3H, Ph-CH3), 1.28 (d, 6H, J = 6.6 Hz, CH(CH3)2); HRMS calcd. for C28H22ClF8N8O3 ([M
+ H]+) 705.1370, found 705.1380.
2.2 Bioassay and SAR
The bioactivities of compounds 8a-8p against Mythimna separata Walker are summarized in Table 1. Most of the title compounds
exhibited good insecticidal activity (100%) against Mythimna separata Walker at 500 mg/L. When the concentration was reduced to
0.8 mg/L, compound 8a, 8c, 8g, 8k and 8l still exhibited 100% larvicidal activities. On the basis of the preliminary in vivo bioassays
results, the compound 8a, 8c, 8e, 8g, 8k and 8l were selected for further bioassay against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. The results
indicated that when the concentration is at 0.4 mg/L, the insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus is still excellent,
while the concentration was at 0.08 mg/L, insecticial activity of correspondence compounds decrease, except compound 8a (100%)
and 8c (100%). For LC50 testing against M. separata, the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole was selected as positive control. The LC50 of
compound 8a (0.48 mg/L) and 8c (0.43 mg/L) values are the same as the positive control insecticide chlorantraniliprole (0.40 mg/L)
(Table 2).
From Table 1, the preliminary structure and activity relationship (SAR) analysis indicated that 4-cyano-2-methy substituted group in
benzene ring exhibited higher larvicidal activities than 2-F substituted group. Also the substitutions in the aliphatic amide moiety of
title compounds can influence the activity. It was found that bulky groups, such as i-butyl, i-pentyl and -(CH2)5- seriously lead to a
decrease activity quickly.
3. Conclusion

A new series of anthranilic diamide compounds containing polyfluoroalkyl pyrazole moiety were designed and synthesized. Their
structures were confirmed and the insecticidal activity was tested. The bioassay results indicated that compound 8a and 8c possessed
good insecticidal activity (100%) against Mythimna separata and Plutella xylostella at 0.8 mg/L and 0.08 mg/L respectively.
4. Experimental
The melting points were determined on an X-4 binocular microscope melting point apparatus (Beijing Tech Instrument Co., China)
and were uncorrected. 1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AVANCE III HD spectrometer (600 MHz) using CDCl3 or DMSO-
d6 as solvent and TMS as internal standard. Chemical shift values (δ) were given in parts per million (ppm). HRMS were obtained
using a UPLC/Xevo G2-XS Q-TOF Waters mass spectrometer. Unless otherwise noted, all reagents were purchased from commercial
supplies and used without further purification. All solvents were dried and redistilled before use.
4.1 Synthesis
The synthetic route of the title compounds is outlined in Scheme 1. The intermediate 5 was synthesized by condensation reaction of
the compound 4 with the 5-fluoro-1-methyl-3-(perfluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole in dry dimethylformamide using
potassium carbonate as base according to the reported method [31]. Then the pyrazole carboxylic acid 6 was given by hydrolysis. The
benzoxazinone 7 was obtained by cyclization reaction of compound 6 with the substituted 2-amino-benzoic acid in triethylamine
solution as described in Ref [32].
According to the literature [33], to a solution of intermediate 7 (0.5 g, 0.76 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL), 0.99 mmol amine was
added dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was
added water (40 mL), and then extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL×3). The combined extracts were dried by MgSO4, filtered and
evaporated. The residue was separated by flash chromatography (silica gel, 30:70 ethyl acetate/hexane) to afford the corresponding
pure title compounds 8a-8p. The other physical-chemical data can be obtained in Supporting information.
4.2 Insecticidal assay
All bioassays were performed on representative test organisms reared in the laboratory. The test compounds were dissolved in 5 mL
DMF and 0.05 mL of Tween-80 as an emulsifier, then diluted with water to different concentrations. Evaluations were based on a
percentage scale of 0-100 (0 = no activity and 100 = total kill).
Insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata Walker: The insecticidal activities of the synthesized compounds and contrast
compound chlorantraniliprole against Mythimna separata Walker were tested according to the leaf-dip method using the reported
procedure [9]. Leaf discs (2 cm) were cut from fresh corn leaves and then were dipped into the test solution for 10 s. After air drying,
the treated leaf discs were transferred individually into a petri dish (9 cm in diameter). Each dried treated leaf disk was infested with 10
larvae of third-instar Mythimna separata Walker larvae. Each treatment was performed four times. Percentage mortalities were
determined 3 days after treatment and listed in Table 1.
Insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus: The insecticidal activities of compounds 8a-8p against Plutella xylostella
Linnaeus were evaluated by the leaf-dip method according to the reported procedures [8,10]. Fresh cabbage leaf discs (2 cm) were
immersed for 15 s in a test solution, dried in air at room temperature and placed individually into a petri dish lined with filter paper.
Ten second-instar larvae were introduced on the leaf discs. Chlorantraniliprole was tested under the same conditions as the control.
Each treatment was performed four times. Percentage mortalities were evaluated 3 days after treatment. The insecticidal activity is
summarized in Table 1.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by Key Projects of the National Science and Technology Pillar Program of China (No. 2011BAE06B01-
20).
Appendix A
Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/

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Fig. 1 Structures of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and per(poly)fluoroalkyl pyrazole derivatives with high insecticidal activity

Scheme 1. Synthesis of the anthranilic diamides derivatives

Table 1. Insecticidal activities of compounds 8a-8p and chlorantraniliprole against Mythimna separata Walker and Plutella xylostella Linnaeus
Compd.
R1
R2
R3
R4
larvicidal activity (%) at a concentration of mg/L
M. separata P. xylostella
500
100
20
4
0.8
0.4
0.08
100
8a
8b
8c
8d
8e
8f
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
Me
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
Me
100
100
100
100
80
100
100
100
a
n-Pr
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
25.0
100
47.5
0
0
＿
＿
i-Pr
100
0
100
＿
100
＿
100
＿
＿
＿
100
100
0
100
＿
cyclopropyl
n-Bu
0
42.5
＿
i-Bu
0
0
0
8g
8h
8i
t-Bu
100
0
100
0
100
0
52.5
＿
i-Pentyl
-(CH2)4-
-(CH2)5-
Me
30
0
0
＿
8j
0
0
0
＿
8k
Me
Et
H
100
100
100
0
100
100
0
65.0
57.5
＿
8l
CN
H
Me
F
Et
100
70
40
0
8m
8n
8o
8p
i-Pr
H
F
H
t-Bu
-(CH2)5-
Et
0
0
0
＿
H
F
0
0
0
＿
H
F
Et
80
90
100
0
0
0
＿
Chlorantraniliprole
100
100
100
100
100
＿a: not tested.

Table 2 The LC50 of compound 8a and 8c against M. separata
Compound
Y=BX+A
R
LC50（mg/L）
8a
8c
0.048(0.041-0.056) Y=8.487+2.650X
0.043(0.029-0.062) Y=8.822+2.797X
Chlorantraniliprole 0.040(0.033-0.047) Y=8.316+2.374X
0.98
0.99
0.99