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| CAS No.: | 56-40-6 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Glycine |
| Molecular Structure: | |
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| Formula: | C2H5NO2 |
| Molecular Weight: | 75.0672 |
| Synonyms: | L-Glycine;FEMA No. 3287;Leimzucker;aminoacetic acid;Glicoamin;Padil;Gly;Glyzin;Glycolixir;Glycosthene;2-Aminoacetic acid;Glycine (JP14/USP);Glycin;Amitone;Glycocoll;Glycine food grade;Aminoacetic acid(Glycine);H-Gly-OH (Physic Grade);H-Gly-OH; |
| EINECS: | 200-272-2 |
| Density: | 1.254 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 240 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 240.937 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 99.516 °C |
| Solubility: | 25 g/100 mL (25 °C) in water |
| Appearance: | White crystalline powder |
| Risk Codes: | 33 |
| Safety: | 22-24/25 |
| PSA: | 63.32000 |
| LogP: | -0.27000 |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With hydrogen; sodium hydroxide; sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) In methanol at 30℃; for 1h; Product distribution; donor: cyclohexene; deprotecting of various N-protected amino acids and dipeptides by subjecting then to hydrogen transfer with several palladium catalysts supported on different solids; | 100% |
| With hydrogen; hydroxyapatite-bound Pd In methanol at 40℃; for 2h; | 94% |
| With palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen at 20℃; for 24h; Neat (no solvent); | 90% |
| With hydrogen; K3[Co(CN)5] In methanol at 20℃; for 3h; | 86% |
| With ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride; water In aq. phosphate buffer at 30℃; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Microbiological reaction; Enzymatic reaction; |
ammonium chloroacetate
glycine
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In methanol at 62 - 67℃; for 4.5h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; | 99.1% |
| at 19.9℃; under 45003600 Torr; Product distribution; under shear deformation (360 deg); | 1.05% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With hexamethylenetetramine; N,N-diethylbenzylamine; ammonia In methanol at 60 - 65℃; for 4.5h; pH=7.1; | 97.1% |
| With hexamethylenetetramine; ammonia In water at 70℃; for 0.333333h; pH=7; Substitution; | 86% |
| With ammonium bicarbonate; urea In water at 115℃; Green chemistry; | 78% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With aluminum oxide at 75℃; for 0.0666667h; microwave irradiation; | 95% |
| With hydrogen; K3[Co(CN)5] In methanol at 20℃; for 3h; | 90% |
| With hydrogen In methanol |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| Stage #1: glycinamide hydrochloride With sodium hydroxide In water Stage #2: In water at 130℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; | 94.5% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium bistriflamide; trifluoroacetic acid at 130℃; for 0.116667h; Ionic liquid; | 93% |
| With methanol; Amberlyst 15; ammonia 1.) CH2Cl2, 25 deg C, 5 h, 2.) 50 min; Yield given. Multistep reaction; | |
| With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h; | |
| With hydrogenchloride In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 3h; |
C8H14BOCOCH2NH2
glycine
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With hydrogenchloride In methanol; water at 20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; | 93% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With formic acid; triphenylphosphine; tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) chloroform complex In tetrahydrofuran at 30℃; for 1h; | A n/a B 90% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With iron sulfide; ammonium carbonate In water at 100℃; for 144h; | 86% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With sodium hydroxide; sodium dithionite | 85% |
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In the USA, glycine is typically sold in two grades: USP ("United States Pharmacopeia"), and technical grade.the two grades have diverse uses.
Pharmaceutical grade Glycine (CAS NO.56-40-6) is use in some pharmaceutical applications, such as intravenous injections, where the customer's purity requirements often exceed the minimum required under the USP grade designation.
Technical grade glycine, which may or may not meet USP grade standards, often use in industrial applications; such as an agent in metal complexing and finishing.
1. Introduction of Glycine
Glycine, with the IUPAC Name of 2-Aminoacetic acid, is one kind of white crystalline powder. This chemical belongs to the Classification Code which include Component of irrigating solution; Glycine Agents; Mutation data; Neurotransmitter Agents.
2. Properties of Glycine
Glycine has the following property datas: (1)Melting point: 240 °C; (2)Index of Refraction: 1.46; (3)Molar Refractivity: 16.41 cm3; (4)Molar Volume: 59.8 cm3; (5)Surface Tension: 54.4 dyne/cm; (6)Density: 1.254 g/cm3; (7)Flash Point: 99.5 °C; (8)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 52.63 kJ/mol; (9)Boiling Point: 240.9 °C at 760 mmHg; (10)Vapour Pressure: 0.0123 mmHg at 25°C.
3. Structure Descriptors of Glycine
You could convert the following datas into the molecular structure:
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H5NO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1,3H2,(H,4,5)
InChIKey: InChIKey=DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Smiles: C(=O)(CN)O
4. Uses of Glycine
Glycine has many uesage:
1).Animal and human foodstuffs:
use an additive in pet food and animal feed. For humans, glycine is used as a sweetener/taste enhancer. such as Food supplements and protein drinks.some drug formulations use glycine to improve gastric absorption.
2).Chemical feedstock
Glycine is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of chemical products. It is used in the manufacture of the herbicide Glyphosate. Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) is a non-selective systemic herbicide used to kill weeds, especially perennials and broadcast or used in the cut-stump treatment as a forestry herbicide. Initially, Glyphosate was sold only by Monsanto under the Monsanto tradename Roundup, but is no longer under patent
3).Cosmetics and other applications:
Glycine can be used as a buffering agent in analgesics, antacids, cosmetics, antiperspirants, and toiletries.Many products use glycine or its derivatives, such as the production of rubber sponge products, fertilizers, metal complexants.
5. Safety information of Glycine
Risk Statements of Glycine (CAS NO.56-40-6): 33
R33: Danger of cumulative effects.
Safety Statements: 22-24/25
S22: Do not breathe dust.
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
6. Production of Glycine
Glycine (CAS NO.56-40-6)e is manufactured by treating chloroacetic acid with ammonia industrially
ClCH2COOH + 2 NH3 → H2NCH2COOH + NH4Cl
It also can be produced via the Strecker amino acid synthesis.
7. Toxicity information of Glycine
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cat | LDLo | intravenous | 3gm/kg (3000mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA | Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. Vol. 31, Pg. 306, 1942. |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 4450mg/kg (4450mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 2370mg/kg (2370mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 4920mg/kg (4920mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| mouse | LD50 | subcutaneous | 5060mg/kg (5060mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| rat | LD50 | intravenous | 2600mg/kg (2600mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 7930mg/kg (7930mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. | |
| rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | 5200mg/kg (5200mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 1502, 1977. |
