| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
| frog | LDLo | subcutaneous | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | | "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 23, 1959. |
| guinea pig | LDLo | intraperitoneal | 1400mg/kg (1400mg/kg) | | "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 23, 1959. |
| guinea pig | LDLo | oral | 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | | Muenchener Medicinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 77, Pg. 13, 1930. |
| human | TDLo | skin | 6mg/kg (6mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" | Journal of Allergy. Vol. 16, Pg. 195, 1945. |
| man | LDLo | oral | 500mg/kg (500mg/kg) | | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 715, 1979. |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1460mg/kg (1460mg/kg) | | Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 160, Pg. 1097, 1966. |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 1940mg/kg (1940mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES | Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 15, Pg. 359, 1984. |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | | BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 28-4/1973, |
| rabbit | LDLo | oral | 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | | "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 23, 1959. |
| rabbit | LDLo | subcutaneous | 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | | "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 23, 1959. |
| rat | LC50 | inhalation | > 26mg/m3/1H (26mg/m3) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) | BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 28-4/1973, |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1600mg/kg (1600mg/kg) | | Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. Vol. 112, Pg. 53, 1973. |
| rat | LD50 | intravenous | 1700mg/kg (1700mg/kg) | | Acta Physiologica Polonica. Vol. 12, Pg. 173, 1961. |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 1700mg/kg (1700mg/kg) | | International Polymer Science and Technology. Vol. 3, Pg. 93, 1976. |
4. Safety Information of Benzoic acid
Hazard Codes:
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Risk Statements: 22-36-42/43-36/37/38-40-63-43-23/24/25-45
22: Harmful if swallowed
36: Irritating to the eyes
42/43: May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact
36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
63: In case of accident by inhalation, remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest
43: In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add - Never use water)
23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
45: May cause cancer
41: Risk of serious damage to eyes
37/38: Irritating to respiratory system and skin
20/21/22: Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Safety Statements: 26-45-37/39-24-22-36/37-24/25-23-53
26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible)
37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection
24: Avoid contact with skin
22: Do not breathe dust
36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes
23: Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer)
53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instruction before use
36: Wear suitable protective clothing
RIDADR: UN 3077 9/PG 3
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: DG0875000
F: 21
Hazard Note: Harmful
5. Use of Benzoic acid
The usage of the Benzoic acid as following:
1.Feedstock: It is an important precursor for the synthesis of many other organic substances.
2.Food preservative: It and its salts are used as a food preservative.
3.Medicinal
4.Biology and health effects
6. Preparation of Benzoic acid
Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value.
For all syntheses, it can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic solvents for the recrystallization makes this experiment particularly safe. Other possible recrystallization solvents include acetic acid (anhydrous or aqueous), benzene, petroleum ether, and a mixture of ethanol and water.
It can be manufactured by the liquid-phase oxidation of toluene by air in a continuous oxidation reactor operated at moderate pressure and temperature:
2C
6H
5CH
3 + 3O
2 → 2C
6H
5COOH + 4H
2O
It also can be obtained as a by-product of the manufacture of benzaldehyde from benzal chloride or benzyl chloride.
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