7446-07-3

Usage

Uses

Used in Acousto-Optic Devices:
Tellurium dioxide is used as an acousto-optic material for devices that can convert light into sound. Its application is due to the high refractive indices and transmission into the mid-IR region of glasses made from tellurium oxide.
Used in Special Glasses:
Tellurium dioxide is used to make glasses with special properties, such as high refractive indices and mid-IR transmission capabilities.
Used in Optical Waveguides and Fiber Amplification:
Tellurium dioxide is utilized in optical waveguides and optical fiber amplification due to its unique optical properties.
Used in Chemical Preparations:
Tellurium dioxide is used to prepare tellurium metal, telluric acid, and various tellurium salts. It is also used in the preparation of Ag2Te nanoparticles.
Used in Medical Imaging and Industrial Monitoring:
TeO2 has potential applications in medical imaging and industrial monitoring processes, taking advantage of its unique properties.
Physical Properties:
Tellurium dioxide exists in white crystal form, with a dimorphic nature, and can be found in both tetragonal and orthorhombic forms. Its densities are 5.75 g/cm3 (tetragonal) and 6.04 g/cm3 (orthorhombic). It melts at 733°C, forming a deep yellow liquid, and vaporizes at 1,245°C.

Production Methods

Tellurium dioxide in its orthorhombic form occurs in nature as mineral tellurite. It is mined from natural deposits. Also, tellurium dioxide is produced as an intermediate during recovery of tellurium metal from anode slimes of electrolytic copper refining (See Tellurium, Production). The dioxide also is prepared by treating tellurium metal with hot nitric acid to form 2TeO2?HNO3. The product then is heated to drive off nitric acid.

Flammability and Explosibility

Nonflammable

Safety Profile

Poison by intratracheal route. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Te. See also TELLURIUM COMPOUNDS.

Purification Methods

Dissolve it in 5M NaOH, filter it and precipitate it by adding 10M HNO3 to the filtrate until the solution is acid to phenolphthalein. After decanting the supernatant, the precipitate is washed five times with distilled water, then dried for 24hours at 110o [Horner & Leonhard J Am Chem Soc 74 3694 1952].

InChI:InChI=1/O2Te/c1-3-2

Synthetic route

tellurium dichloride (10025-71-5) + dinitrogen tetraoxide (10544-72-6) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: NOCl; reaction of TeCl2 with liquid N2O4;;	100%

tellurium trisulfide → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
With air In neat (no solvent) heating in air above 430°C; at 630.degree C complete conversion;;	100%

tellurium → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogenchloride Electrochem. Process; anodic dissolution of Te in 6n HCl in a cell with ceramic diaphragma, neutralisation with aq. NH3;; pure;;	98%
In hydrogenchloride byproducts: H6TeO6; Electrolysis; electrolysis in HCl acidic soln. at 25 °C with a Te-anode;;
With calcium oxide In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CaTeO3, Ca3TeO6; oxidation of Te in air in presence of CaO at 100-800°C;;

tellurium + potassium nitrate → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In melt Te and KNO3 were molten for 2 h at 400-430 °C (molar ratio 1/2-2.5), the melt was dissolved in aq. KOH(10%) forming K2TeO3 which was treated with HNO3;;	97.5%

tellurium + sodium nitrate (7631-99-4) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In melt Te and NaNO3 were molten for 2 h at 400-430 °C (molar ratio 1/2-2.5), the melt was dissolved in aq. KOH(10%) forming K2TeO3 which was treated with HNO3;;	97.5%

tellurium + barium(II) nitrate → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In melt byproducts: BaTeO3, Ba3TeO6; melting of a mixture of Te and anhydrous Ba(NO3)2 (in 10% excess) at temp. between 400 and 550°C; oxidation of Te starts at 345-400°C, at 650°C 65% TeO2 was formed;;	65%

barium(II) chloride dihydrate (10361-37-2) + ammonium chloride + orthotelluric acid (7803-68-1) + copper(II) oxide → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + Cu2Te3O8 + Ba2Cu4Te4O11Cl4

Conditions	Yield
In water molar ratio Ba:Cu:Te=1:2:2, excess 2 M aq. NH4Cl, sealed silica tube, 375°C, 5 d; collection (filtration), washing (water, Me2CO), hand sepn.;	A n/a B n/a C 30%

sodium tellurate → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfur In neat (no solvent) reduction with S;;

cerium telluride → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
With air In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CeO2; CeTe was heated in air;;
In neat (no solvent)

cerium telluride + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: Ce(OH)3; Te was heated in a stream of H2O vapor with ignition;;
In neat (no solvent)

potassium tellurite → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water pptn. from Na2TeO3-soln. with HNO3 at 100 °C and pH 3.5-4.0 at the end of the pptn.;; purity: 99.85-99.95%;;
In water air introducing;
In water air introducing;

potassium tellurite → tellurium + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate In water Kinetics; components soln. mixing (pH 9.3 (KOH), conct. temp. in range 18-80°C), pptn.; ppt. filtration off, washing (6% HNO3 to remove TeO2); chem. anal.;

2K(1+)*Te(NH)3(2-)=K2{Te(NH)3} + water (7732-18-5) + acetic acid (64-19-7) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In not given hydrolysis of K2(Te(NH)3) (moistened with benzene) with acetic acid under exclusion of air forms TeO2*H2O; loss of H2O on heating;;

tellurium + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In nitric acid disssolving finely powdered, distillated Te with small amount of water in aq. HNO3; evapn. on water bath; heating residue;;	>99
In water byproducts: H2; from metallic Te and dry air; heating to 160°C;; formation of TeO2 at surface of Te;;
In water byproducts: H2; from metallic Te and dry air; heating to 160°C;; formation of TeO2 at surface of Te;;
In nitric acid aq. HNO3; disssolving finely powdered, distillated Te with small amount of water in aq. HNO3; evapn. on water bath; heating residue;;	>99

tellurium + water (7732-18-5) + oxygen (80937-33-3) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water Te was heated with H2O and O2 under pressure (60 atm) at 150°C;; the formed solid phase is a mixture of TeO2 and Te;;

CaF2*TeBr4 + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water byproducts: HBr, CaF2; hydrolysis;;

water (7732-18-5) + tellurium tetrachloride (10026-07-0) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water byproducts: HCl; hydrolysis with H2O;;
In water precipitation of TeO2 on cooling a soln. of TeCl4 in boiling H2O;; impurities of a basic salt;;
In water precipitation of TeO2 on cooling a soln. of TeCl4 in boiling H2O;; impurities of a basic salt;;

tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)tellurium(IV) (18064-83-0) + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In further solvent(s) byproducts: C6F5H; in EtCN;

TeF4*SbF5 (20587-27-3) + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In not given

2H(1+)*TeCl6(2-)*4(CH3)2SO=H2TeCl6*4(CH3)2SO + water (7732-18-5) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
byproducts: HCl, (CH3)2SO; hydrolysis;;

tellurium(VI) oxide (13451-18-8) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) heating at 430°C;;
In neat (no solvent) decomposition of β-TeO3 started at 350 °C, the reaction is at 600 °C complete (in presence of Na2CO3 at 700 °C);;	>99
In neat (no solvent) decomposition of β-TeO3 started at 350 °C, the reaction is at 600 °C complete (in presence of Na2CO3 at 700 °C);;	>99
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: O2; decomposition of β-TeO3 started at 430°C, the reaction is at 580°C complete;;	>99
In neat (no solvent) isothermal heating at (520+/-10)°C for 120 h in air; X-ray diffraction;

telluric acid (13520-55-3) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
With osmium In neat (no solvent) byproducts: OsO4; reduction at red heat;;

tellurium + telluric acid (13520-55-3) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) oxidation of Te with H2TeO4;;

barium metatellurite → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) decomposition at 840°C;;

zinc tellurate → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + zinc tellurate + oxygen (80937-33-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) 800-900 K;

cesium hexaiodotellurate (IV) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + tellurium(IV) iodide (7790-48-9)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CsCl; decomposition on heating at 260, 300 or 350°C;;

tellurium + silver(I) chloride → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + silver telluride + silver tellurite

Conditions	Yield
In ammonia byproducts: HNO3, Ag; in aq. NH3 soln.; with excess of Ag(1+) salts;; separation of Ag2TeO3 by washing with aq. NH3;;

tellurium + silver(I) chloride → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + silver telluride

Conditions	Yield
In ammonia byproducts: HNO3; in aq. NH3 soln.;;

cadmium telluride → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + cadmium tellurate(IV)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) Kinetics; heating at 350-500 ° C; IR;

mercury(II) oxide + tellurium(IV) iodide (7790-48-9) → tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: HgI2;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + Carbonyl fluoride (353-50-4) → carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + tellurium(IV) fluoride (15192-26-4)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) slight excess over the stoich. amt. of COF2 required; reaction mixt. heated in a stainless steel or monel cylinder at 160°C for 56 h;	A n/a B 100%

nickel(II) oxide (1313-99-1) + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) → Ni2Te3O8

Conditions	Yield
With NH4Cl In water High Pressure; heating (sealed silica tube, 375°C, 3-5 d);	99%
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: NiTe2O5; NiO and TeO2 were heated in a stream of N2 at 550-800 °C;; polluted with NiTe2O5:;
In neat (no solvent) NiO and TeO2 were heated in a stream of N2 at 550-800 °C, molten at 900°C for 20 min in goldplate covers;; pure;;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + cadmium(II) oxide + cadmium(II) chloride (10108-64-2) → Cd7Cl8(Te7O17)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) at 720°C for 6 d;	99%
With Er2O3 In neat (no solvent, solid phase) ground, pressed, sealed, heated at 720°C for 6 d; cooled to 300°C at 4°C/h;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + cadmium(II) oxide + cadmium(II) chloride (10108-64-2) → [Cd2(Te6O13)][Cd2Cl6]

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) at 670°C for 6 d;	99%

samarium(III) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + manganese(ll) chloride → Sm2MnTe5O13Cl2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) the mixt. Sm2O3/MnCl2/TeO2 1:1:5 was ground and pressed into a pellet, sealed into an evacuated quartz tube, heated at 700°C for 6 days, cooled to 500°C at 4.17°C/h before switching off the furnace; XRD powder diffraction;	99%

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + zinc(II) oxide → zinc pyrotellurite

Conditions	Yield
With NH4Cl In water byproducts: ZnTeO3; High Pressure; heating (sealed silica tube, 375°C, 3-5 d);	99%
In neat (no solvent) mixed, homogenized, sealed under vac., heated at 50 °C lower thenmelting temp. of tellurate(IV) for 5 h, ground, resealed under vac., he at treated, procedure repeated three times;
With PVA In neat (no solvent, solid phase) mixt. ZnO and TeO2 was ball-milled in MeOH for 24 h, dried at 80°C overnight, calcined at 560°C for 19 h, remilled, PVA was added,pressed at 140 MPa, heated at 400°C for 6 h and sintered at 610. degree.C for 2 h; X-ray diffraction;

strontium(II) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + strontium chloride → Sr4(Te3O8)Cl4

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) by a react. of SrO, SrCl2 and TeO2 in a molar ratio of 2:2:3 at 720°C for 6 d; identified by XRD and EDS anal.;	99%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) by a react. of SrO (0.8 mmol), SrCl2 (0.4 mmol) and TeO2 (1.2 mmol); themixt. was ground and pressed into a pellet; heating in an evacuated qua rtz tube at 660°C for 6 d; cooling to 300°C at 4°C/h before switching off the furnace; identified by XRD and EDS anal.;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + neodymium(III) oxide + neodymium oxide chloride (13759-26-7) + copper(l) chloride → Nd4CuTe5O15Cl3

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) the mixt. NdOCl/Nd2O3/CuCl/TeO2 2:1:1:5 was ground and pressed into a pellet, sealed into an evacuated quartz tube, heated at 650°C for 6days, cooled to 500°C at 4.17°C/h before switching off th e furnace; XRD powder diffraction;	99%

nickel(II) oxide (1313-99-1) + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + molybdenum(VI) oxide → 3Ni(2+)*MoO4(2-)*2TeO3(2-)=Ni3(MoO4)(TeO3)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) mixt. of MoO3, NiO and TeO2 ground; pressed into pellet; sealed in evacuated quartz tube; heated at 720°C for 6 d; cooled to 270°C(4.5°C/h); crystals isolated; elem. anal.;	99%

niobium(V) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + potassium carbonate (584-08-7) → KNb3O6(tellurite)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) heating 1:3:4 mixt. of K2CO3, Nb2O5 and TeO2 at slightly lower than 800°C for 5 ds; powder XRD;	99%

tantalum(V) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + potassium carbonate (584-08-7) → KTa3O6(tellurite)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) heating 1:3:4 mixt. of K2CO3, Ta2O5 and TeO2 at slightly lower than 800°C for 5 ds; powder XRD;	99%

rubidium carbonate + niobium(V) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) → RbNb3O6(tellurite)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) heating 1:3:4 mixt. of Rb2CO3, Nb2O5 and TeO2 at slightly lower than 820°C for 5 ds; powder XRD;	99%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) grinding 1:3:13 mixt. of Rb2CO3, Nb2O5 and TeO2, pressing into pellets, heating at 820°C for 5 ds; cooling to 300°C at rate of 4°C/h, XRD;

niobium(V) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + caesium carbonate (534-17-8) → Cs3Nb9TeO26(tellurite)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) heating 3:9:8 mixt. of Rb2CO3, Ta2O5 and TeO2 at slightly lower than 810°C for 5 ds; powder XRD;	99%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) grinding 1:2.66:10 mixt. of Cs2CO3, Nb2O5 and TeO2, pressing into pellets, heating at 810°C for 5 ds; cooling to 300°C at rate of 4°C/h, XRD;

rubidium carbonate + tantalum(V) oxide + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) → RbTa3O6(tellurite)2

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) heating 1:3:4 mixt. of Rb2CO3, Ta2O5 and TeO2 at slightly lower than 840°C for 5 ds; powder XRD;	99%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) grinding 1:3:13 mixt. of Rb2CO3, Ta2O5 and TeO2, pressing into pellets, heating at 840°C for 5 ds; cooling to 300°C at rate of 4°C/h, XRD;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) → tellurium

Conditions	Yield
With HCl In hydrogenchloride saturated with H2Te at a pH of 5.0-6.3, 200-250°C, 50-100 MPa;	98%
With ethylene glycol In ethylene glycol other Radiation; mixture of ethylene glycol and TeO2 put into microwave oven; heated to 185°C; held at this temp. for 30 min; centrifuged; washed with absolute ethanol several times; dried at 80°C in vacuum;	90%
With silver In neat (no solvent) reduction of TeO2 with Ag;;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + sodium carbonate (497-19-8) → sodium tellurate + sodium tellurite

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) heating of equimolar amounts of TeO2 and Na2CO3 at 540 °C in presence of air;;	A 98% B n/a
In neat (no solvent) heating of equimolar amounts of TeO2 and Na2CO3 at 540 °C in presence of air;;	A 98% B n/a
In neat (no solvent) heating of equimolar amounts of TeO2 and Na2CO3 at 480-620 °C in presence of air;;

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + sodium molybdate dihydrate (7631-95-0) → Na2MoTe4O12

Conditions	Yield
In water molar ratio Mo:Te=3:1, acid digestion bomb, 225°C, 4 d; then cooling to room temp. over 36 h;	98%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) stoich. amts., heating in air (450°C, 6 h; then 625°C, 2 d; intermittent grinding);

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + calcium hydroxide → calcium tellurate

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) heating between 975 and 1078°C;; dependence of temp., time and conc. of educts; acceleration by addn. of Na2CO3;;	98%
In neat (no solvent)

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + barium hydroxide octahydrate → barium tellurite

Conditions	Yield
With HNO3 In water to the mixt. of Ba, Te comp. and water placed in steel bomb concd. HNO3 was added dropwise to pH ca. 10, mixt. was heated to 180°C for 5 d; solid was recovered by vac. filtration, washed with water and acetone; XRD;	98%

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + sodium tungstate (VI) dihydrate (10213-10-2) → Na2WTe4O12

Conditions	Yield
In water molar ratio W:Te=3:1, acid digestion bomb, 225°C, 4 d; then cooling to room temp. over 36 h;	96%
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) stoich. amts., heating in air (450°C, 6 h; then 580°C, 2 d; intermittent grinding);

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + cadmium(II) sulphide → cadmium telluride

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: SO2; TeO2 was heated with CdS at 600-800°C;;	95.7%
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: SO2; TeO2 was heated with CdS at 600-800°C;;	95.7%

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-thiourea (2782-91-4) + hydrogen iodide (10034-85-2) → Te2(tetramethylthiourea)2I4 (110591-82-7)

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogenchloride; methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide to TeO2 dissolved in hot HCl were added with swirling, a hot soln. of tmtu in DMF, then a hot mixt. of HI and MeOH was added, the soln. was kept hot for ca. 30 min, allowed to cool to room temp.; the crystals were filtered, washed with MeOH, then with diethyl ether, recrystd. in DMF/HI, filtered, a hot MeOH was added; elem. anal.;	95%

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + boron tribromide (10294-33-4) → tellurium(IV) tetrabromide (10031-27-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) heated at 110-120°C for 5 h;;	91%
In neat (no solvent) heated at 110-120°C for 5 h;;	91%

tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) + hexaammonium heptamolybdate(6-)-water (1/4) → 2NH4(1+)*Mo3TeO12(2-)=(NH4)2Mo3TeO12 + 4NH4(1+)*Mo6TeO22(4-)*2H2O=(NH4)4Mo6TeO22*2H2O

Conditions	Yield
In water molar ratio NH4:Mo:Te=5.14:6:1, closed vessel, 225°C. 14 d;	A 91% B n/a
In water molar ratio NH4:Mo:Te=5.14:6:1, closed vessel, 225°C. 7 d, cooling to room temp. over 2 d; hand sepn. of products;	A 87.5% B n/a
In water molar ratio NH4:Mo:Te=2.57:3:1, closed vessel, 225°C. 7 d; further unidentified product;	A 41% B n/a
In water molar ratio NH4:Mo:Te=1.71:2:1, closed vessel, 225°C. 7 d; further unidentified product;

potassium fluoride + tellurium(IV) oxide (7446-07-3) → potassium hydroxofluorotellurate(IV)

Conditions	Yield
In hydrogen fluoride addn. KF to suspn. TeO2F2 (prepared from TeO2 in 40% aq. HF) with TeO2:KF ratio = 1:1, pptn.; ppt. sepd. from mother liquor, washed (alcohol), dried (air), elem. anal.;	90%

Upstream product

• 10025-71-5 tellurium dichloride 
• 10544-72-6 dinitrogen tetraoxide 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 
• 14683-12-6 tellurium 
• 80937-33-3 oxygen 
• 10026-07-0 tellurium tetrachloride 
• 18064-83-0 tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)tellurium(IV) 
• 20587-27-3 TeF₄*SbF₅ 
• 13451-18-8 tellurium(VI) oxide 
• 13520-55-3 telluric acid 
• 12653-71-3 mercury(II) oxide 
• 7790-48-9 tellurium(IV) iodide 

Downstream Products

• 15852-22-9 tellurite^(2-) 
• 10026-07-0 tellurium tetrachloride 
• 10049-23-7 tellurous acid 
• 13451-14-4 telluric acid dihydrate 
• 10031-27-3 tellurium(IV) tetrabromide 
• 14683-12-6 tellurium 
• 12068-90-5 mercury(II) telluride 
• 7446-09-5 sulfur dioxide 
• 7727-37-9 nitrogen 
• 13494-80-9 hydrogen telluride 
• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 7664-93-9 sulfuric acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Structural and thermal studies on PuTe2O6

PuTe2O6 was synthesised by the solid state reaction route and characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal methods. The structure of PuTe2O6 was derived by the Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data in the monoclinic system with cell parameters a = 0.69937(1), b = 1.10014(2), c = 0.73404(2) nm, β = 107.98(2)°, Z = 4 in the space group P21/n. In the structure, each plutonium atom is coordinated to eight oxygen atoms. The structure is made up of zigzag strings of PuO8 distorted edge-sharing polyhedron parallel to the a axis. Tellurium atoms are coordinated to three oxygen atoms. PuTe2O6 melts at 1125 K incongruently and decomposes according to the reaction: PuTe2O6(s) → PuO2(s) + 2TeO2(g). The kinetics of decomposition under isothermal heating conditions in flowing air were studied to determine the rate constants, activation energy and reaction mechanism.

Synthesis, structure, and characterization of a new one-dimensional tellurite phosphate, Ba2TeO(PO4)2

A new one-dimensional tellurite phosphate, Ba2TeO(PO4)2 has been synthesized by standard solid-state reaction techniques using BaCO3, TeO2, and (NH4)H2PO4 as reagents. The structure of Ba2TeO(PO4)2 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ba2TeO(PO4)2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 (No. 2), with a = 6.9461 ( 16 ) A, b = 7.3970 ( 17 ) A, c = 8.887 ( 2 ) A, α = 76.843 ( 4 ) °, β = 79.933 ( 4 ) °, γ = 75.688 ( 4 ) °, V = 427.40 ( 17 ) A3, and Z = 2. Ba2TeO(PO4)2 has a novel one-dimensional chain structure that is composed of PO4 tetrahedra and TeO5 polyhedra. Te4+ cations are in asymmetric coordination environments attributable to their lone pairs. The lone pairs on the Te4+ cations point in the [100] and [-100] direction and interact with the Ba2+ cations. Infrared, Raman, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dipole moment calculations are also presented.

Preparation and Characterization of Mixed Oxides of Selenium and Tellurium

Double oxides of Se and Te of composition Te3SeO8, Te2Se2O9, and TeSeO4 have been obtained for the first time by solid-state reactions between the corresponding elements and their oxides.The preparative conditions and the characterization of these compoun

Synthesis and characterization of the wide band-gap compound Pr2Te4O11

Single crystals of Pr2Te4O11 have been grown through the reaction of Pr6O11 and TeO2 in a CsCl flux at 1123 K. This compound, which is isostructural with Nd2Te4O11 and Ho2Te4O11, crystallizes in space group C2/c of the monoclinic system with four formula units in a cell of dimensions at 153 K of a = 12.6880(6) ?, b = 5.2361(3) ?, c = 16.2920(8) ?, β = 106.052(1)°, and V = 1040.17(9) ?3. The three dimensional structure is made from the interconnection between ∞2[Pr2O1014-] and ∞2[Te4O116-] networks. Pr2Te4O11 is a Curie-Weiss paramagnetic with an effective magnetic moment of 3.59(2) μB. Optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows typical 4f-4f optical transitions for Pr(III), in addition to a wide band gap of 3.65 eV.

Standard enthalpies of formation of tellurium compounds. I. Tellurium dioxide

The enthalpy of formation of TeO2(s) has been obtained by solution calorimetry using two independent thermochemical cycles: the first, in -3 H2SO4 + 0.10 mol * dm-3 K2Cr2O7 + 0.010 mol * dm-3 MnSO4>(aq), based

Synthesis of α-tellurium dioxide nanorods from elemental tellurium by laser ablation

Elemental tellurium was evaporated by laser ablation, the vapor of which was condensed and deposited on the surface of the heated glass surface and then formed α-tellurium dioxide nanorods with uniformly size distribution by oxidation in the chamber with hot air atmosphere. TEM images and Electron diffraction (ED) pattern confirm the crystallinity of α-phase tellurium dioxide. The formation process of the nanorods involves a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) following a chemical oxidation in the hot air atmosphere, in which the low melting point tellurium serves as a liquid-forming reagent.

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation of Ba3Te2O9(s) by transpiration technique

The standard molar Gibbs energy of formation of barium tellurite, Ba3Te2O9(s), was determined by the transpiration technique using pure oxygen as the carrier gas in the temperature range from 1119 to 1280 K. The condensate

Dynamics and crystal chemistry of tellurites - 1. Raman spectra of thallium tellurites: Tl2TeO3, Tl2Te2O5 and Tl2Te3O7

Raman spectra of the three entitled crystals are analysed within the framework of a lattice-dynamical model treatment using preliminary obtained X-ray diffraction data. The short range atomic arrangement and spectrochemical peculiarities of these structures are jointly discussed, which is considered as an initial step for studying the nature of the glass phases in the xTl2O+(1-x)TeO2 system. The charged TeO32- groups and the neutral TeO2 quasi-molecules are proposed as the basic units forming the complex tellurite anions. However, no relevant characteristic frequencies can be indicated in the spectra since the interatomic separation in those units are highly variables and their vibrational states are mixed and delocalised.

Thermodynamic stability of Sm2TeO6

The vapour pressure of Sm2TeO6 was measured using a thermal analyser with a horizontal arm. This TG based transpiration technique, was validated by measuring the vapour pressure of pure TeO2(s). The temperature dependence of the latter was measured to be log p (Pa) = {14.2 - 13321/T (K)} (±0.03) in the range 884-987 K. These data yielded a Δ H298 ° value of 269.7 ± 0.6 kJ mol-1 for the enthalpy of sublimation (third-law method) of TeO2 which compared well with the data reported in the literature. The temperature dependence of the vapour pressure of TeO2 over the mixture Sm2TeO6(s) + Sm2O3(s) generated by the incongruent vapourisation reaction,Sm2TeO6(s) → Sm2O3(s) + TeO2(g) + 1/2O2(g)could be expressed aslog p (Pa) = { 18.56 - 25469 / T (K) } ± 0.06 (1374 - 1533 K). The standard Gibbs energy of formation of Sm2TeO6(s) was derived from the above vapour pressure data in conjunction with auxiliary data for the other coexisting phases. The temperature dependence of the Gibbs energy of formation of Sm2TeO6 over the temperature range 1374-1533 K could be represented asΔ Gf ° (S m2 Te O6) (kJ mo l- 1) = { - 2399.3 + 0.5714 T (K) } ± 5.8. The Gibbs energy of formation of Sm2TeO6(s) is being reported for the first time.

Syntheses, structures, and characterization of new lead(II)-tellurium(IV)-oxide halides: Pb3Te2O6X2 and Pb3TeO4X2 (X = Cl or Br)

The syntheses, structures, and characterization of four new lead(II)-tellurium(IV)-oxide halides, Pb3Te2O6X2 and Pb3TeO4X2 (X = Cl or Br) are reported. The materials are synthesized by solid-state techniques, using Pb3O2Cl2 or Pb3O2Br2 and TeO2 as reagents. The compounds have three-dimensional structural topologies consisting of lead-oxide halide polyhedra connected to tellurium oxide groups. In addition, the Pb2+ and Te4+ cations are in asymmetric coordination environments attributable to their stereoactive lone pair. We also demonstrate that Pb3Te2O6X2 and Pb2TeO4X2 can be interconverted reversibly through the loss or addition of TeO2. X-ray data: Pb3Te2O6Cl2, monoclinic, space group C2/m (No. 12), a = 16.4417(11) A, b = 5.6295(4) A, c = 10.8894(7) A, β= 103.0130(10)°, Z = 4; Pb3Te2O6Br2, monoclinic, space group C2/m (No. 12), a = 16.8911(8) A, b = 5.6804(2) A, c = 11.0418(5) A, β = 104.253(2)°, Z = 4; Pb3TeO4Cl2, orthorhombic, space group Bmmb (No. 63), a = 5.576(1) A, b = 5.559(1) A, c = 12.4929(6) A, Z = 4; Pb3TeO4Br2, orthorhombic, space group Bmmb (No. 63), a = 5.6434(4) A, b = 5.6434(5) A, c = 12.9172(6) A, Z = 4.