1678-93-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Industrial Applications:
n-Butylcyclohexane is used as an organic solvent for its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances, making it a valuable component in various industrial processes.
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
n-Butylcyclohexane is employed as a solvent in chemical synthesis, facilitating the reaction of different compounds and contributing to the production of desired products.
Used as a Reference Standard:
In the analysis of chemical processes, n-Butylcyclohexane is used as a reference standard to ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.
Safety Note:
Due to its flammability, n-Butylcyclohexane should be handled with caution to prevent injury or damage. Proper safety measures and protocols must be followed during its use in any application.

InChI:InChI=1/C10H20/c1-2-3-7-10-8-5-4-6-9-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3

Upstream product

• 104-51-8 1-butylbenzene 
• 123-72-8 butyraldehyde 
• 91-63-4 2-methylquinoline 
• 110-82-7 cyclohexane 
• 84210-61-7 perpentene-4 oate de tertiobutyle 
• 626-62-0 Cyclohexyl iodide 
• 495-40-9 propiophenone 
• 629-27-6 1-Iodooctane 
• 693-04-9 butyl magnesium bromide 
• 91-17-8 decalin 
• 35660-91-4 (E)-1-phenyl-2-buten-1-one 
• 1007-32-5 benzyl ethyl ketone 
• 5471-51-2 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxobutane 
• 18736-82-8 1-cyclohexyl-but-2-en-1-ol 

Downstream Products

• 1126-18-7 2-butylcyclohexanone 
• 39178-69-3 rac-3-butylcyclohexanone 
• 61203-82-5 4-butylcyclohexanone 
• 374-60-7 perfluoro-n-butylcyclohexane 
• 132868-00-9 1H-nonadecafluoro-n-butylcyclohexane 
• 187737-37-7 propene 
• 34557-54-5 methane 
• 74-84-0 ethane 
• 74-85-1 ethene 
• 106-99-0 buta-1,3-diene 
• 74-86-2 acetylene 
• 104-51-8 1-butylbenzene 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 15869-86-0 octane, 4-ethyl- 

Related news

Photosensitized oxidation of n-Butylcyclohexane (cas 1678-93-9) as a model for photochemical degradation of n-alkylcyclohexanes in seawater09/28/2019

n-Butylcyclohexane was photo-oxidized by solar light on synthetic seawater containing traces of anthraquinone. After identification of the main photoproducts formed, it appeared that the photochemical processes acted essentially on the carbons of the cycle, leading in the case of the secondary c...detailed

Thermal cracking of n-Butylcyclohexane (cas 1678-93-9) at high pressure (100 bar)—Part 1: Experimental study10/01/2019

We studied the pyrolysis of n-butylcyclohexane at high pressure (100 bar) in a gold sealed tube reactor between 300 and 425 °C. The conversion obtained was between 3% and 99%. Pyrolysis led to 3 main chemical classes of products: (a) n-alkanes (methane, ethane, propane and butane), (b) naphthen...detailed

Thermal cracking of n-Butylcyclohexane (cas 1678-93-9) at high pressure (100 bar)—Part 2: Mechanistic modeling09/27/2019

A detailed kinetic model consisting of 833 reactions has been developed to describe the thermal cracking of n-butylcyclohexane at high pressure (100 bar). A primary mechanism was written in an exhaustive manner whereas a partial secondary mechanism was considered to describe the formation and th...detailed

A comparative study of the oxidation characteristics of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and n-Butylcyclohexane (cas 1678-93-9) at high temperatures09/26/2019

Ignition delay times were measured behind reflected shock waves for cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and n-butylcyclohexane at 1.5 and 3 atm, equivalence ratios near 1 and 0.5, and temperatures between 1280 and 1480 K. The observed ignition delay times can be summarized as follows: methylcyclohex...detailed

An experimental and kinetic modeling study of n-Butylcyclohexane (cas 1678-93-9) over low-to-high temperature ranges09/24/2019

Cycloalkanes with long alkylic side chains are important chemical components in diesel and jet fuels. Although with the increasing interest in their combustion chemistry, related studies are very limited. In the present study, ignition delay times were measured for n-butylcyclohexane by combinin...detailed

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

The solvent determines the product in the hydrogenation of aromatic ketones using unligated RhCl3as catalyst precursor

Alkyl cyclohexanes were synthesized in high selectivity via a combined hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation of aromatic ketones using ligand-free RhCl3 as pre-catalyst in trifluoroethanol as solvent. The true catalyst consists of rhodium nanoparticles (Rh NPs), generated in situ during the reaction. A range of conjugated as well as non-conjugated aromatic ketones were directly hydrodeoxygenated to the corresponding saturated cyclohexane derivatives at relatively mild conditions. The solvent was found to be the determining factor to switch the selectivity of the ketone hydrogenation. Cyclohexyl alkyl-alcohols were the products using water as a solvent.

Selective Hydrogenation and Hydrodeoxygenation of Aromatic Ketones to Cyclohexane Derivatives Using a Rh&at;SILP Catalyst

Rhodium nanoparticles immobilized on an acid-free triphenylphosphonium-based supported ionic liquid phase (Rh&at;SILP(Ph3-P-NTf2)) enabled the selective hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of aromatic ketones. The flexible molecular approach used to assemble the individual catalyst components (SiO2, ionic liquid, nanoparticles) led to outstanding catalytic properties. In particular, intimate contact between the nanoparticles and the phosphonium ionic liquid is required for the deoxygenation reactivity. The Rh&at;SILP(Ph3-P-NTf2) catalyst was active for the hydrodeoxygenation of benzylic ketones under mild conditions, and the product distribution for non-benzylic ketones was controlled with high selectivity between the hydrogenated (alcohol) and hydrodeoxygenated (alkane) products by adjusting the reaction temperature. The versatile Rh&at;SILP(Ph3-P-NTf2) catalyst opens the way to the production of a wide range of high-value cyclohexane derivatives by the hydrogenation and/or hydrodeoxygenation of Friedel–Crafts acylation products and lignin-derived aromatic ketones.

Bimetallic Nanoparticles in Supported Ionic Liquid Phases as Multifunctional Catalysts for the Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Aromatic Substrates

Bimetallic iron–ruthenium nanoparticles embedded in an acidic supported ionic liquid phase (FeRu@SILP+IL-SO3H) act as multifunctional catalysts for the selective hydrodeoxygenation of carbonyl groups in aromatic substrates. The catalyst material is assembled systematically from molecular components to combine the acid and metal sites that allow hydrogenolysis of the C=O bonds without hydrogenation of the aromatic ring. The resulting materials possess high activity and stability for the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of C=O groups to CH2 units in a variety of substituted aromatic ketones and, hence, provide an effective and benign alternative to traditional Clemmensen and Wolff–Kishner reductions, which require stoichiometric reagents. The molecular design of the FeRu@SILP+IL-SO3H materials opens a general approach to multifunctional catalytic systems (MM′@SILP+IL-func).

Teaching an old carbocation new tricks: Intermolecular C-H insertion reactions of vinyl cations

Vinyl carbocations have been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical studies over the past five decades. Despite this long history in chemistry, the utility of vinyl cations in chemical synthesis has been limited, with most reactivity studies focusing on solvolysis reactions or intramolecular processes. Here we report synthetic and mechanistic studies of vinyl cations generated through silylium-weakly coordinating anion catalysis. We find that these reactive intermediates undergo mild intermolecular carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions, including carbon-hydrogen (C-H) insertion into unactivated sp3 C-H bonds and reductive Friedel-Crafts reactions with arenes. Moreover, we conducted computational studies of these alkane C-H functionalization reactions and discovered that they proceed through nonclassical, ambimodal transition structures. This reaction manifold provides a framework for the catalytic functionalization of hydrocarbons using simple ketone derivatives.

Nanoheterogeneous ruthenium-containing catalysts based on dendrimers in the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds under two-phase conditions

Nanoheterogeneous catalysts based on ruthenium nanoparticles dispersed in crosslinked dendrimer matrixes with a size of polymer particles of 100–500 nm show high activity in the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds under two-phase conditions. The addition of water to the reaction medium exerts a strong promoting effect on the activity of the catalysts: The turnover frequency increases by a factor of 3–90 depending on the substrate. When bimetallic (PdRu) nanoparticles are incorporated into the catalyst composition, the rate of benzene hydrogenation increases while the rate of transformation of substituted benzenes decreases.

Cyclooctane metathesis catalyzed by silica-supported tungsten pentamethyl [(ΞSiO)W(Me)5]: Distribution of macrocyclic alkanes

Metathesis of cyclic alkanes catalyzed by the new surface complex [(ΞSiO)W(Me)5] affords a wide distribution of cyclic and macrocyclic alkanes. The major products with the formula CnH2n are the result of either a ring contraction or ring expans

High-performance ring-opening catalysts based on iridium-containing zeolite Beta in the hydroconversion of decalin

Decalin was converted in a flow-type reactor under a hydrogen pressure of 5.2 MPa on Ir/H,A-Beta zeolite catalysts, where A stands for an alkali metal cation. In one series of catalysts, the Ir content was 3 wt.%, and the nature of A was varied from lithi

Ring opening of decalin and methylcyclohexane over bifunctional Ir/WO 3/Al2O3 catalysts

Ring-opening reactions of decalin and methylcyclohexane (MCH) over bifunctional catalysts (1.2Ir/WO3/Al2O3) were investigated. A series of catalysts containing up to 5.3 at. W/nm2 and 1.2 wt.% Ir was prepared. The acidity of the solids was monitored by low-temperature CO adsorption followed by infrared spectroscopy. Characterization of the Ir metal phase was performed by H2 chemisorption and X-ray diffraction. The activity and product selectivity patterns obtained for the decalin ring-opening reaction were compared with those observed for MCH. For both naphthenes, ring contraction precedes ring opening, suggesting a similar ring-opening mechanism. Kinetic modeling based on the proposed reaction network allowed the determination of the activation energies and initial rates. Based on the yields and products distribution obtained for the decalin reaction, the potential for improvement of the cetane number is discussed.

Ring opening of decalin via hydrogenolysis on Ir/- and Pt/silica catalysts

The catalytic conversion of cis-decalin was studied at a hydrogen pressure of 5.2 MPa and temperatures of 250-410 °C on iridium and platinum supported on non-acidic silica. The absence of catalytically active Br?nsted acid sites was indicated by both FT-IR spectroscopy with pyridine as a probe and the selectivities in a catalytic test reaction, viz. the hydroconversion of n-octane. On iridium/silica, decalin hydroconversion starts at ca. 250-300 °C, and no skeletal isomerization occurs. The first step is rather hydrogenolytic opening of one six-membered ring to form the direct ring-opening products butylcyclohexane, 1-methyl-2-propylcyclohexane and 1,2- diethylcyclohexane. These show a consecutive hydrogenolysis, either of an endocyclic carboncarbon bond into open-chain decanes or of an exocyclic carboncarbon bond resulting primarily in methane and C9 naphthenes. The latter can undergo a further endocyclic hydrogenolysis leading to open-chain nonanes. All individual C10 and C9 hydrocarbons predicted by this direct ring-opening mechanism were identified in the products generated on the iridium/silica catalysts. The carbon-number distributions of the hydrocracked products C9- show a peculiar shape resembling a hammock and could be readily predicted by simulation of the direct ring-opening mechanism. Platinum on silica was found to require temperatures around 350-400 °C at which relatively large amounts of tetralin and naphthalene are formed. The most abundant primary products on Pt/silica are spiro[4.5]decane and butylcyclohexane which can be readily accounted for by the well known platinum-induced mechanisms described in the literature for smaller model hydrocarbons, namely the bond-shift isomerization mechanism and hydrogenolysis of a secondary-tertiary carboncarbon bond in decalin.

Ring opening of decalin and methylcyclohexane over alumina-based monofunctional WO3/Al2O3 and Ir/Al 2O3 catalysts

Ring-opening reactions of decalin and MCH were studied over monofunctional acid (WO3/Al2O3) and metal (Ir/Al 2O3) catalysts containing, respectively, up to 5.3 at. W/nm2 and 1.8 wt% Ir. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, low-temperature CO adsorption followed by infrared spectroscopy, and H2 chemisorption. A reaction network was proposed for both molecules and used to determine the kinetic parameters. Kinetic modeling allowed relating characterization results and catalytic performance. For WO3/Al2O3 catalysts, ring contraction precedes ring opening of both molecules. The evolution of ring contraction activity was consistent with the development of relatively strong Bronsted acid sites. Ring opening occurs according to a classic acid mechanism. For Ir/Al2O3 catalysts, only direct ring opening was observed. Ring opening proceeds mostly via dicarbene mechanism. Analysis of products indicated that monofunctional metal catalysts are better suited than acid solids for upgrading LCO.