40132-69-2

Upstream product

• 144-62-7 oxalic acid 
• 4442-82-4 rac-2-cyclohexyl-1-phenylethan-1-ol 
• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 108-85-0 1-bromocyclohexane 
• 626-62-0 Cyclohexyl iodide 
• 7664-93-9 sulfuric acid 
• 6006-68-4 (+/-)-1-cyclohexyl-2-phenylethanol 
• 2043-61-0 cyclohexanecarbaldehyde 
• 1449-46-3 benzyltriphenylphosphonium bromide 
• 24371-94-6 cyclohexylmercury chloride 
• 66680-87-3 (E)-1-phenyl-(2-tributylstannyl)ethene 
• 30094-01-0 β-styrylmagnesium bromide 
• 1088-01-3 tricyclohexylborane 
• 36525-03-8 trans-2-Phenylethenylmercuric chloride 

Downstream Products

• 854219-91-3 1,2-dibromo-1-cyclohexyl-2-phenyl-ethane 
• 65-85-0 benzoic acid 
• 98-89-5 Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 
• 712-50-5 Cyclohexyl phenyl ketone 
• 36677-65-3 1-cyclohexyl-2-phenylethane-1,2-dione 
• 100863-32-9 1-cyclohexyl-2-phenyl-ethane-1,2-diol 
• 5653-09-8 2-cyclohexyl-1-phenylethan-1-one 
• 61259-29-8 1-cyclohexyl-2-phenylethanone 
• 100971-60-6 2-cyclohexyl-3-phenyl-oxirane 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Visible-Light-Mediated C-I Difluoroallylation with an α-Aminoalkyl Radical as a Mediator

Herein, we report a protocol for direct visible-light-mediated C-I difluoroallylation reactions of α-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with alkyl iodides at room temperature with an α-aminoalkyl radical as a mediator. The protocol permits efficient functionalization of various α-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with cyclic and acyclic primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides and is scalable to the gram level. This mild protocol uses an inexpensive mediator and is suitable for late-stage functionalization of complex natural products and drugs.

Ligand-free (: Z)-selective transfer semihydrogenation of alkynes catalyzed by in situ generated oxidizable copper nanoparticles

Herein, we present (Z)-selective transfer semihydrogenation of alkynes based on in situ generated CuNPs in the presence of hydrogen donors, such as ammonia-borane and a green protic solvent. This environmentally friendly method is characterized by operational simplicity combined with high stereo- and chemoselectivity and functional group compatibility. Auto-oxidation of CuNPs after the completion of a semihydrogenation reaction results in the formation of a water-soluble ammonia complex, so that the catalyst may be reused several times by simple phase-separation with no need for any special regeneration processes. Formed NH4B(OR)4 can be easily transformed back into ammonia-borane or into boric acid. In addition, a one-pot tandem sequence involving a Suzuki reaction followed by semihydrogenation was presented, which allows minimization of chemical waste production.

A Solid-Phase Assisted Flow Approach to In Situ Wittig-Type Olefination Coupling

Described herein is the development of a continuous flow, solid-phase triphenylphosphine (PS-PPh3) assisted protocol to facilitate the in situ coupling of reciprocal pairs of halogen and carbonyl functionalised molecular pairs by a Wittig olefination within 15 mins. The protocol entails injecting a single solution (1 : 1 CHCl3 : EtOH) containing the halogenated and carbonyl-based substrates into a continuously flowing stream of CHCl3 : EtOH (1 : 1), passed through a fixed bed of K2CO3 and PS-PPh3. With advancement to the previous PS-PPh3 coupling procedures, the method employs a traditional polystyrene-based immobilisation matrix, the substrate scope of the protocol extended to substituted ketones, secondary alkyl chlorides, and an unprotected maleimide scaffold.

An Amine-Assisted Ionic Monohydride Mechanism Enables Selective Alkyne cis-Semihydrogenation with Ethanol: From Elementary Steps to Catalysis

The selective synthesis of Z-alkenes in alkyne semihydrogenation relies on the reactivity difference of the catalysts toward the starting materials and the products. Here we report Z-selective semihydrogenation of alkynes with ethanol via a coordination-induced ionic monohydride mechanism. The EtOH-coordination-driven Cl- dissociation in a pincer Ir(III) hydridochloride complex (NCP)IrHCl (1) forms a cationic monohydride, [(NCP)IrH(EtOH)]+Cl-, that reacts selectively with alkynes over the corresponding Z-alkenes, thereby overcoming competing thermodynamically dominant alkene Z-E isomerization and overreduction. The challenge for establishing a catalytic cycle, however, lies in the alcoholysis step; the reaction of the alkyne insertion product (NCP)IrCl(vinyl) with EtOH does occur, but very slowly. Surprisingly, the alcoholysis does not proceed via direct protonolysis of the Ir-C(vinyl) bond. Instead, mechanistic data are consistent with an anion-involved alcoholysis pathway involving ionization of (NCP)IrCl(vinyl) via EtOH-for-Cl substitution and reversible protonation of Cl- ion with an Ir(III)-bound EtOH, followed by β-H elimination of the ethoxy ligand and C(vinyl)-H reductive elimination. The use of an amine is key to the monohydride mechanism by promoting the alcoholysis. The 1-amine-EtOH catalytic system exhibits an unprecedented level of substrate scope, generality, and compatibility, as demonstrated by Z-selective reduction of all alkyne classes, including challenging enynes and complex polyfunctionalized molecules. Comparison with a cationic monohydride complex bearing a noncoordinating BArF- ion elucidates the beneficial role of the Cl- ion in controlling the stereoselectivity, and comparison between 1-amine-EtOH and 1-NaOtBu-EtOH underscores the fact that this base variable, albeit in catalytic amounts, leads to different mechanisms and consequently different stereoselectivity.

Visible-Light-Mediated Alkenylation of Alkyl Boronic Acids without an External Lewis Base as an Activator

Herein we report a protocol for the direct visible-light-mediated alkenylation of alkyl boronic acids at room temperature without an external Lewis base as an activator, and we propose a mechanism involving benzenesulfinate activation of the alkyl boronic acids. The protocol permits the efficient functionalization of a broad range of cyclic and acyclic primary and secondary alkyl boronic acids with various alkenyl sulfones. We demonstrated its utility by preparing or functionalizing several pharmaceuticals and natural products.

Wittig Olefination Using Phosphonium Ion-Pair Reagents Incorporating an Endogenous Base

Despite common perception, the use of strong bases in Wittig chemistry is utterly unnecessary: we report a series of novel ion-pair phosphonium carboxylate reagents which are essentially "storable ylides". These reagents are straightforwardly prepared in excellent yields, and their fluxional nature permits clean olefination of a broad range of aldehydes and even hemiacetals.

Dinuclear cobalt complex-catalyzed stereodivergent semireduction of alkynes: Switchable selectivities controlled by H2O

Catalytic semireduction of internal alkynes to alkenes is very important for organic synthesis. Although great success has been achieved in this area, switchable Z/E stereoselectivity based on a single catalyst for the semireduction of internal alkynes is a longstanding challenge due to the multichemo- and stereoselectivity, especially based on less-expensive earth-abundant metals. Herein, we describe a switchable semireduction of alkynes to (Z)- or (E)-alkenes catalyzed by a dinuclear cobalt complex supported by a macrocyclic bis pyridyl diimine (PDI) ligand. It was found that cis-reduction of the alkyne occurs first and the Z-E alkene stereoisomerization process is formally controlled by the amount of H2O, since the concentration of H2O may influence the catalytic activity of the catalyst for isomerization. Therefore, this protocol provides a facile way to switch to either the (Z)- or (E)-olefin isomer in a single transformation by adjusting the amount of water.

Energy Transfer from CdS QDs to a Photogenerated Pd Complex Enhances the Rate and Selectivity of a Pd-Photocatalyzed Heck Reaction

This Article describes the design of a colloidal quantum dot (QD) photosensitizer for the Pd-photocatalyzed Heck coupling of styrene and iodocyclohexane to form 2-cyclohexylstyrene. In the presence of 0.05 mol % CdS QDs, which have an emission spectrum that overlaps the absorption spectrum of a key Pd(II)alkyl iodide intermediate, the reaction proceeds with 82% yield for the Heck product at 0.5 mol % loading of Pd catalyst; no product forms at this loading without a sensitizer. A radical trapping experiment and steady-state and transient optical spectroscopies indicate that the QDs transfer energy to a Pd(II)alkyl iodide intermediate, pushing the reaction toward a Pd(I) alkyl radical species that leads to the Heck coupled product, and suppressing undesired β-hydride elimination directly from the Pd(II)alkyl iodide. Functionalization of the surfaces of the QDs with isonicotinic acid increases the rate constant of this reaction by a factor of 2.4 by colocalizing the QD and the Pd-complex. The modularity and tunability of the QD core and surface make it a convenient and effective chromophore for this alternative mode of cooperative photocatalysis.

Reductive Difunctionalization of Aryl Alkenes with Sodium Metal and Reduction-Resistant Alkoxy-Substituted Electrophiles

A general method for alkali-metal-promoted reductive difunctionalization of alkenes has been developed by means of reduction-resistant alkoxy-substituted electrophiles. A series of 1,2-diboration and 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization products can be synthesize

Photoinduced Deaminative Coupling of Alkylpyridium Salts with Terminal Arylalkynes

A novel and simple Z-alkene synthesis by the photocatalyzed coupling reactions of alkylpyridium salts, which were prepared from primary amines, with terminal aryl alkynes at room temperature is reported here. A wide range of primary amines, which contain different functional groups, were tolerated under these conditions. The mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, functional group tolerance, and operational simplicity make this deaminative coupling reaction a valuable method in organic syntheses.