637-78-5

Usage

Uses

Used in Flavor Industry:
ISOPROPYL PROPIONATE is used as a flavoring agent for its fruity, berry taste with a slight bubble gum nuance, which is reminiscent of plum.
Used in Solvent Applications:
ISOPROPYL PROPIONATE is used as a solvent in various industries due to its chemical properties, such as its flash point and boiling point, which make it suitable for dissolving other substances.
Used in Synthesis:
ISOPROPYL PROPIONATE may be synthesized by direct esterification in benzene solution and in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid, making it a useful compound in the chemical synthesis process.
Used in Natural Occurrence:
ISOPROPYL PROPIONATE is reported to be found in various natural sources such as raspberry, currant, kumquat peel oil, papaya, and plum brandy, indicating its potential use in the food and beverage industry for enhancing flavors.

Preparation

By direct esterification in benzene solution and in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

ISOPROPYL PROPIONATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

Health Hazard

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

InChI:InChI=1/C6H12O2/c1-4-6(7)8-5(2)3/h5H,4H2,1-3H3

Upstream product

• 79-03-8 propionyl chloride 
• 67-63-0 isopropyl alcohol 
• 187737-37-7 propene 
• 802294-64-0 propionic acid 
• 123-62-6 propionic acid anhydride 
• 565-69-5 ethyl isopropyl ketone 
• 74-85-1 ethene 
• 201230-82-2 carbon monoxide 
• 3068-88-0 4-methyloxetan-2-one 
• 74-88-4 methyl iodide 
• 617-51-6 isopropyl lactate 
• 140-88-5 ethyl acrylate 
• 292638-85-8 acrylic acid methyl ester 
• 96760-01-9 1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1-isopropoxycyclopropane 

Downstream Products

• 112197-21-4 2-(Methyl-diphenyl-silanyl)-propionic acid isopropyl ester 
• 111080-24-1 2-[(S)-6-(tert-Butyl-diphenyl-silanyloxymethyl)-4-(1-ethoxy-ethoxy)-2-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yl]-propionic acid isopropyl ester 
• 102285-74-5 isopropyl (2SR,3RS)-2-methyl-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate 
• 102285-75-6 isopropyl (2SR,3SR)-2-methyl-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate 
• 67-64-1 acetone 
• 75-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol 
• 187737-37-7 propene 
• 75-07-0 acetaldehyde 
• 67-63-0 isopropyl alcohol 
• 71-23-8 propan-1-ol 
• 802294-64-0 propionic acid 
• 1583259-37-3 (2S,3S,4R)-isopropyl 5-(benzyloxy)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy)pentanoate 
• 1583263-65-3 (2R,3S,4R)-isopropyl 5-(benzyloxy)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy)pentanoate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

USE OF ALCOHOLS AS SOURCES OF HYDROGEN IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF CO-OLEFIN MIXTURES

A study has been made of the catalytic activities of various ruthenium complexes in the synthesis of ketones from olefin-carbon monoxide mixtures and an alcohol as source of hydrogen: major side products were shown to be the alkyl propionates and ethane.The effects of base, concentration of catalyst (for RuCl3- and Ru3(CO)12-based systems), pressure, temperature, CO/olefin ratio and the water content of the alcohol have been examined.

Manganese-Mediated C-C Bond Formation: Alkoxycarbonylation of Organoboranes

Alkoxycarbonylations are important and versatile reactions that result in the formation of a new C-C bond. Herein, we report on a new and halide-free alkoxycarbonylation reaction that does not require the application of an external carbon monoxide atmosphere. Instead, manganese carbonyl complexes and organo(alkoxy)borate salts react to form an ester product containing the target C-C bond. The required organo(alkoxy)borate salts are conveniently generated from the stoichiometric reaction of an organoborane and an alkoxide salt and can be telescoped without purification. The protocol leads to the formation of both aromatic and aliphatic esters and gives complete control over the ester's substitution (e.g., OMe, OtBu, OPh). A reaction mechanism was proposed on the basis of stoichiometric reactivity studies, spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The new chemistry is particularly relevant for the field of Mn(I) catalysis and clearly points to a potential pathway toward irreversible catalyst deactivation.

Method for preparing propionate by ester alcohol exchange

The invention discloses a method for preparing propionate by ester alcohol exchange, and relates to a method for preparing propionate. According to the invention, the method for synthesizing propionate by ester alcohol exchange of methyl propionate and various alcohols (including monohydric alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, tert-butanol, isopropanol, cyclohexanol, allyl alcohol and thelike, dihydric alcohols such as 1,3-propylene glycol and the like, glycerol and the like) is adopted, and methyl propionate and the alcohols are used as raw materials to carry out a reaction under catalysis of alkaline ionic liquid, soluble strong alkali or solid alkali to prepare higher propionate and methanol. According to the method, the synthetic route is short, and the reaction product is taken out through azeotropic extraction of the methyl propionate and methanol, so that the reaction is more thorough, and the target product is directly obtained by one step. The product obtained by thereaction only contains propionate and methanol, the whole reaction process is concise and efficient and is free of pollution, no byproducts are generated, and great significance is achieved for large-scale and low-cost production of propionate.

Hydrogenation of Ketones and Esters Catalyzed by Pd/C?SiO2

Hydrogenation of unsaturated ketones and esters with molecular hydrogen on the 5%Pd/C?SiO2 heterogeneous catalyst has been studied. The reaction direction and yield are determined by the starting compounds structure. Hydrogenation of unsaturated ketones containing phenyl group at the double carbon–carbon atom is accompanied by the reduction of the ketone group into the alcohol one. Hydrogenation of unsaturated esters is accompanied by transesterification.

Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Alkyl Lactates to Alkyl Propionates with Fe-based Bimetallic Supported Catalysts

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of methyl lactate (ML) to methyl propionate (MP) was performed with various base-metal supported catalysts. A high yield of 77 % MP was obtained with bimetallic Fe–Ni/ZrO2 in methanol at 220 °C and 50 bar H2. A synergistic effect of Ni increased the yield of MP significantly when using Fe–Ni/ZrO2 instead of Fe/ZrO2 alone. Moreover, the ZrO2 support contributed to improve the yield as a phase transition of ZrO2 from tetragonal to monoclinic occurred after metal doping giving rise to fine dispersion of the Fe and Ni on the ZrO2, resulting in a higher catalytic activity of the material. Interestingly, it was observed that Fe–Ni/ZrO2 also effectively catalyzed methanol reforming to produce H2 in situ, followed by HDO of ML, yielding 60 % MP at 220 °C with 50 bar N2 instead of H2. Fe–Ni/ZrO2 also catalyzed HDO of other short-chain alkyl lactates to the corresponding alkyl propionates in high yields around 70 %. No loss of activity of Fe–Ni/ZrO2 occurred in five consecutive reaction runs demonstrating the high durability of the catalyst system.

Magnetically recoverable AlFe/Te nanocomposite as a new catalyst for the facile esterification reaction under neat conditions

In this work, a new Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposite was synthesized by a one-step sol–gel method. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared and then mixed with aluminum telluride (Al2Te3) in an alkali medium to produce the desired catalyst. After characterization of the Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposite by SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, and ICP analyses, it was used in the esterification reaction. This heterogeneous catalyst showed high catalytic activity in the esterification of commercially available carboxylic acids with various alcohols to produce the desired esters at high conversions under neat conditions. The Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposites were separated from the reaction mixture via an external magnet and re-used 8 times without significant loss of catalytic activity.

PROCESS FOR HYDROGENOLYSIS OF ALPHA-HYDROXY ESTERS OR ACIDS USING A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST

The present invention relates to a method for hydrogenolysis of alpha-hydroxy esters or acids, comprising reacting the alpha-hydroxy ester or acid in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. The present invention also relates to a method for producing propionic acid ester, and the use of any of the methods for the production of propionic acid esters, such as alkyl propionate.

Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed Alkoxycarbonylation of Bulk Industrial Olefins Using Ferrocenyl Phosphine Ligands

The development of ligands plays a key role and provides important innovations in homogeneous catalysis. In this context, we report a novel class of ferrocenyl phosphines for the alkoxycarbonylation of industrially important alkenes. A basic feature of our ligands is the combination of sterically hindered and amphoteric moieties on the P atoms, which leads to improved activity and productivity for alkoxycarbonylation reactions compared to the current industrial state-of-the-art ligand 1,2-bis((di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl)benzene). Advantageously, palladium catalysts with these novel ligands also enable such transformations without additional acid under milder reaction conditions. The practicability of the optimized ligand was demonstrated by preparation on >10 g scale and its use in palladium-catalyzed carbonylations on kilogram scale.

A fructose-based biomass catalytic conversion systems furan derivatives

A method for preparing furan derivatives by catalytic conversion of fructose-based biomass is characterized by: taking biomass such as fructose, cane sugar, inulin and the like as raw materials, taking low-boiling-point alcohols comprising aliphatic alcohols or alicyclic alcohols all with six or less than six carbon atoms as a solvent, and under the effect of a catalyst, performing reactions comprising hydrolysis, dehydration, etherfication and the like for coupling so as to obtain furan derivatives such as 5-alkoxymethyl furfural, levulinate esters, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the like. The method has the advantages of high raw material utilization rate, high in-situ coupling efficiency in the dehydration and etherfication reactions, and easily separated and purified system.

An extremely efficient and green method for the acylation of secondary alcohols, phenols and naphthols with a deep eutectic solvent as the catalyst

The typical deep eutectic solvent [CholineCl][ZnCl2]3, easily prepared from choline chloride and zinc chloride, is green and useful for the acylation of secondary alcohols, phenols, and naphthols with acid anhydrides. Its efficiency allows the acylation of sterically hindered secondary alcohols and acid anhydrides to proceed in high yield under mild condition. The catalyst is cheap, easy to handle, conveniently synthesized in a single step, and recyclable for several times without significant loss of catalytic activity.