7757-83-7 Usage
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 7757-83-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) is an antioxidant, used as a preservative except with meats. It is
also used for water treatment and in photography and textile bleaching.
2. sodium sulfite has anti-septic, preservative, and anti-oxidant properties. Sodium sulfite is also a topical anti-fungal.
3. These white crystals were prepared by passing sulfurous gas over
moist sodium carbonate. Sodium sulfite is soluble in water but
less so in alcohol. It was used as a preservative for alkaline developers
and as a hypo clearing agent in photographic printing.
4. Paper industry (semichemical pulp), reduc-
ing agent (dyes), water treatment, photographic
developer, food preservative and antioxidant, tex-
tile bleaching (antichlor).
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_sulfite
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24437#section=Top
http://www.calabriancorp.com/product/sodium-sulfite-anhydrous
http://www.livestrong.com/article/108427-list-foods-sulfite-allergies/
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 7757-83-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Sodium sulfite occurs as an odorless white powder or hexagonal
prisms. Note that the commercially available sodium sulfite is often
presented as a white to tan- or pink-colored powder that would not
conform to the pharmacopeial specification.
2. Sodium sulfite,Na2S03, is a white,water-soluble, crystalline solid with a sulfurous, salty taste. It decomposes when heated. Sodium sulfite is used as a source of sulfite,as a chemical intermediate and food preservative, in medicine and paper manufacturing, in photographic developing, and as a bleaching agent in the textile industry. Most boiler operators use sodium sulfite for chemicals cavenging of oxygen in the feedwater. Because it decomposes into acidic gases at the high temperatures that accompany high pressures, sodium sulfite should not be used for this purpose at pressures above 122atm (12.4MPa,or 1.8 ksi).
Definition
Different sources of media describe the Definition of 7757-83-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. ChEBI: An inorganic sodium salt having sulfite as the counterion.
2. sodium sulphite: A white solid,Na2SO3, existing in an anhydrousform (r.d. 2.63) and as a heptahydrate(r.d. 1.59). Sodium sulphite is solublein water and because it is readily oxidizedit is widely used as a convenientreducing agent. It is preparedby reacting sulphur dioxide with eithersodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.Dilute mineral acids reversethis process and release sulphur dioxide.Sodium sulphite is used as ableaching agent in textiles and inpaper manufacture. Its use as an antioxidantin some canned foodstuffsgives rise to a slightly sulphuroussmell immediately on opening, butits use is prohibited in meats or foodsthat contain vitamin B1. Sodium sulphitesolutions are occasionally usedas biological preservatives.
Production Methods
Sodium bisulfite is prepared by reacting sulfur dioxide gas with
sodium hydroxide solution. The solid material is obtained by
evaporation of water. Further neutralization with sodium hydroxide
while keeping the temperature above 33.6°C leads to crystallization
of the anhydrous sodium sulfite (below this temperature the
heptahydrate form is obtained).
General Description
White odorless powder. Density 2.633 g / cm3. Moderately toxic. Sinks in water and dissolves slowly. Also transported as a heptahydrate Na2SO3.7H2O.
Air & Water Reactions
Soluble in water. Reacts with hot water, steam or acids to produce corrosive material.
Reactivity Profile
Sodium sulfite is a reducing agent, particularly under basic conditions. Reacts with oxidizing agents such as peroxides, epoxides, oxoacids. Emits toxic fumes of sodium oxide and oxides of sulfur if heated to decomposition [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1174].
Hazard
Use prohibited in meats and other sources
of Vitamin B
1
Health Hazard
When ingested, solutions cause gastric irritation by the liberation of sulfurous acid. Because of rapid oxidation to sulfate, sulfites are well tolerated until large doses are reached; then violent colic and diarrhea, circulatory disturbances, central nervous depression, and death can occur.
Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that Sodium sulfite is noncombustible.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Sodium sulfite is used as an antioxidant in applications similar to
those for sodium metabisulfite. It is also an effective antimicrobial
preservative, particularly against fungi at low pH (0.1% w/v of
sodium sulfite is used). Sodium sulfite is used in cosmetics, food
products, and pharmaceutical applications such as parenteral
formulations, inhalations, oral formulations, and topical preparations.
Contact allergens
Sodium sulfite is mainly used in photographic developers, for fixing prints, bleaching textile fibers, as a reducer in manufacturing dyes, as a remover of Cl in bleached textiles and paper, and as a preservative in the food industry for meat, egg yolks, and so on.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Na2O and SOx. A reducing agent. See also SULFITES.
Safety
Sodium sulfite is widely used in food and pharmaceutical
applications as an antioxidant. It is generally regarded as relatively
nontoxic and nonirritant when used as an excipient. However,
contact dermatitis and hypersensitivity reactions have been
reported. The acceptable daily intake for sodium sulfite has
been set at up to 350 mg/kg body-weight daily.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 0.950 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.130 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 0.820 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, IV): 0.065 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, oral): 1.181 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 0.115 g/kg
Environmental Fate
Because sodium sulfite is a solid powder that is generally sold
as a ‘food grade’ substance, there is very little information
available on the environmental fate of sodium sulfite. It has
a molecular weight of 126.04 g mol-1. At 20°C, the solubility
in water is 250 000 mg l-1, and as it is an inorganic salt the
vapor is negligible (USEPA, 2011). The log octanol/water
partition coefficient is estimated to be 7.78.
If released into water or soil, sodium sulfite would most
likely be oxidized to sulfate, which would then be available for
use by bacteria or plants as a nutrient.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) EPI Suite
computer program (USEPA, 2011) estimates both a bioconcentration
factor and a bioaccumulation factor of 0.89. These
factors are less than one, meaning that bioconcentration and/or
bioaccumulation of sodium sulfite would be virtually negligible
and therefore would not cause any adverse effects to fish and
wildlife.
storage
Sodium sulfite should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool,
dry, place. In solution, sodium sulfite is slowly oxidized to sulfate by dissolved oxygen; strong acids lead to formation of sulfurous acid/
sulfur dioxide. On heating, sodium sulfite decomposes liberating
sulfur oxides.
Purification Methods
Crystallise the sulfite from warm water (0.5mL/g) by cooling to 0o. Also purify it by repeated crystallisation from deoxygenated water inside a glove-box, and finally drying it under vacuum. [Rhee & Dasgupta J Phys Chem 89 1799 1985.]
Toxicity evaluation
The exact mechanism of toxicity has not been elucidated,
although there is a lot of information on how sulfur-based
compounds are detoxified by the liver. Sodium sulfite is
a mild reducing agent that would most likely cause burning or
irritation at the site of exposure or application by altering
oxidation–reduction potential and pH.
Sulfites are used widely as antioxidants to keep foods from
prematurely spoiling and to keep them looking ‘fresh’ by preventing
oxidation and subsequent ‘browning.’ Many people,
however, are ‘sulfite sensitive.’ After ingestion of food or
beverages containing sulfite, these people may have allergictype
reactions such as asthmatic wheezing, hypotension,
tingling sensations, and flushing of the skin. The mechanism is
unclear but probably has to do with an individual-specific
chemical stimulation of the immune system, which in turn
releases small amounts of vasoactive substances.
Incompatibilities
Sodium sulfite is incompatible with acids, oxidizing agents, many
proteins, and vitamin B1.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe.
Included in FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (epidural, IM, IV,
and SC injections; inhalation solution; ophthalmic solutions; oral
syrups and suspensions; otic solutions; topical creams and emulsions).
Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7757-83-7 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,5 and 7 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 3 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7757-83:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*5)+(3*7)+(2*8)+(1*3)=137
137 % 10 = 7
So 7757-83-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/2Na.H2O3S/c;;1-4(2)3/h;;(H2,1,2,3)/q2*+1;/p-2
7757-83-7Relevant articles and documents
Stages of thermal decomposition of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur
Jaszczak-Figiel, Beata,Gontarz
, p. 147 - 154 (2009/05/06)
Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na2SO 4, Na2S2O7, Na2S 2O6, Na2SO3, Na2S 2O5, Na2S
Specificity of decomposition of solids in non-isothermal conditions
Vlase,Vlase,Doca,Doca
, p. 597 - 604 (2008/10/08)
The thermal stability of the food additives Na metabisulphite, Na and K acetates, glutamic and citric acids, respective of the pharmaceuticals nifedipine and acetyl salicylic acid was studied by means of the non-isothermal kinetic (Friedman differential m
Antimicrobial wipes which provide improved residual benefit versus gram positive bacteria
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to an antimicrobial wipe comprising a porous or absorbent sheet impregnated with an antimicrobial cleansing composition, wherein the antimicrobial cleansing composition comprises from about 0.001% to about 5.0%, by weight of the antimicrobial cleansing composition, of an antimicrobial active; from about 0.05% to about 10%, by weight of the antimicrobial cleansing composition, of an anionic surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 10%, by weight of the antimicrobial cleansing composition, of a proton donating agent; and from about 3% to about 99.85%, by weight of the antimicrobial cleansing composition, water; wherein the composition is adjusted to a pH of from about 3.0 to about 6.0; wherein the antimicrobial cleansing composition has a Gram Positive Residual Effectiveness Index of greater than about 0.5; and wherein the antimicrobial cleansing composition has a Mildness Index of less than about 0.3. The invention also encompasses methods for cleansing skin and providing residual effectiveness versus Gram positive bacteria using these products.
Mild, rinse-off antimicrobial liquid cleansing compositions containing salicyclic acid
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a rinse-off antimicrobial cleansing composition comprising from about 0.1% to about 5.0%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of an antimicrobial active; from about 6% to about 16%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of an anionic surfactant, wherein at least about 67% of the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of Class A surfactants, Class C surfactants, and mixtures thereof, wherein the ratio of Class A surfactant to Class C is from about 100:0 to about 1.5:1; from about 2% to about 4%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of a proton donating agent having a Biological Activity Index, Z, of greater than about 0.75, wherein the proton donating agent is such that the composition is essentially free of C4-C20 alkyl fatty acid, and wherein from about 0.15% to about 2%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of the proton donating agent is salicylic acid; a mildness enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of from about 20% to about 70%, by weight of the anionic surfactant, of a mildness enhancing cosurfactant; from about 0.1% to about 1.0%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of a mildness enhancing polymer; and mixtures thereof, and from about 35% to about 95.75%, by weight of the cleansing composition, of water; wherein the composition is adjusted to a pH of greater than about 3 and less than about 6. The invention also encompasses methods for cleansing skin and providing residual effectiveness versus Gram negative bacteria using these products.
Mild, rinse-off antimicrobial liquid cleansing compositions which provide residual benefit versus gram negative bacteria
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a rinse-off antimicrobial cleansing composition comprising from about 0.001% to about 5% of an antimicrobial active, from about 1% to about 80% of an anionic surfactant, from about 0.1% to about 12% of a proton donating agent; and from about 3% to about 98.899% of water, wherein the composition is adjusted to a pH of from about 3.0 to about 6.0, wherein the rinse-off antimicrobial cleansing composition has a Gram Negative Residual Effectiveness Index of greater than about 0.3, and wherein the rinse-off antimicrobial cleansing composition has a Mildness Index of greater than 0.3. The invention also encompasses methods for cleansing skin and providing residual effectiveness versus Gram negative bacteria using these products.
STUDY OF THE DISPROPORTIONATION OF SODIUM THIOSULFATE BY X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY.
Xu,Chang
, p. 165 - 170 (2008/10/08)
The disproportionation of sodium thiosulfate to form sodium sulfite and elemental sulfur has been studied in the temperature range 495-548 degree K by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The disproportionation started with an induction period, followed by a steady-state disproportionation rate regime, and ended up with a diffusion rate-controlling process. The duration of the induction period was inversely proportional to the temperature of heating. The disproportionation in the steady-state regime followed a first-order reaction rate law with the enthalpy and entropy of activation H* equals 26. 0 kcal/mol and S* equals minus 14. 9 eu.
Water-soluble derivatives of 6,6'-methylene-bis-(2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline)
-
, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to water-soluble alkali salts of mono- and disulfonic acid derivatives and mono- and disulfonamide derivatives of 6,6'-methylene-bis-(2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline) and dimer and/or trimer condensation products thereof bound with a methylene bridge at the 8 or 8' position. The new compounds are radioprotective and radiosensibilizers at the same time, and may be used both in the therapy and prophylaxis of malignant tumors.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of the Ammoniated Electron with Sodium Thiosulfate in Liquid Ammonia
Lau, Nathanielo,Dewald, Robert R.
, p. 2348 - 2350 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of sodium with thiosulfate in liquid ammonia was found to be second order, first order with respect to both the sodium and thiosulfate concentration.The sodium ion concentration was found to have a dominant influence on the net reaction rate, and a mechanism involving ion-paired species is proposed.The stoichiometry and reaction products were also determined.
