935-92-2

Usage

Chemical Properties

Yellow crystal

Uses

Through a catalytic redox chain ring opening Trimethylquinone can be used to Synthesize Quinone-Containing Carboxylic Acids

Purification Methods

Distil the quinone in a vacuum or sublime it in vacuo before use. [Smith et al. J Am Chem Soc 60 318 1939, Beilstein 7 H 161, 7 III 3407, 7 IV 2098.]

InChI:InChI=1/C9H10O2/c1-5-4-8(10)6(2)7(3)9(5)11/h4H,1-3H3

Synthetic route

Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide; sodium acetate In dichloromethane; water for 2h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With pyridine; 3-carboxypyridinium dichromate In dichloromethane for 0.333333h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With dihydrogen peroxide In acetic acid	100%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid; sulfuric acid at 50℃; for 0.5h;	99.7%
With hydroxylamine hydrochloride; oxygen In tert-butyl alcohol at 40℃; under 860.3 Torr; for 2h;	96%
With iodine	95%

peracetic acid (79-21-0) + 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + Duroquinone (527-17-3, 70128-24-4) + Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0) + pentamethylphenol (2819-86-5) + 1-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylbenzene (21573-36-4) + 2,3,6-trimethylphenyl acetate (62687-45-0)

Conditions	Yield
sulfuric acid at 50℃; for 0.5h; Mechanism; Thermodynamic data; effect of catalysts;	A 99.7% B 0.04% C 0.01% D 0.01% E 0.03% F 0.04%

Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0) + acetic acid (64-19-7) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (4537-09-1) + 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone diacetate (7479-28-9) + 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenol (36592-62-8) + 4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenol (130422-86-5) + 1-acetoxy-4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid at 50℃; for 0.25h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data;	A 99.7% B 0.05% C 0.05% D 0.04% E 0.04% F 0.06%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) + acetic acid (64-19-7) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + Duroquinone (527-17-3, 70128-24-4) + pentamethylphenol (2819-86-5) + 1-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylbenzene (21573-36-4) + 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone diacetate (7479-28-9) + 2,3,6-trimethylphenyl acetate (62687-45-0)

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid at 50℃; for 0.25h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data;	A 99.7% B 0.04% C 0.01% D 0.03% E 0.02% F 0.05%

peracetic acid (79-21-0) + Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (4537-09-1) + 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone diacetate (7479-28-9) + 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenol (36592-62-8) + 4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenol (130422-86-5) + 1-acetoxy-4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Conditions	Yield
sulfuric acid at 50℃; for 0.5h; Mechanism; Thermodynamic data; effect of catalysts;	A 99.5% B 0.05% C 0.06% D 0.05% E 0.04% F 0.07%

2,3,5-trimethylphenol (697-82-5) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium superoxide; dihydrogen peroxide; acetic acid In water at 50℃; for 2h;	96%
With oxygen In water; acetonitrile at 40℃; under 15001.5 Torr; for 1h; Green chemistry;	94%
With 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin; oxygen In chloroform; acetonitrile for 24h; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents; Irradiation;	93%

4-chloro-2,3,6-trimethylphenol (36433-51-9) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With nitric acid In tetrachloromethane; water	95.3%
With nitric acid In acetic acid	92%
With nitric acid In water	90.6%
With nitric acid In acetic acid	354 mg

2-methyl-4-hydroxy-3,6-dimethyloltoluene → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2-methyl-4-hydroxy-3,6-dimethyloltoluene With molybdenum (IV) sulfide; hexane-2,5-diol at 46 - 54℃; for 2.33333h; Green chemistry; Stage #2: With α-picoline; N-methylaniline Green chemistry;	95%

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (95-63-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With phthalic anhydride; dihydrogen peroxide In neat (no solvent) at 118 - 120℃; for 2.5h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Time; Solvent;	92%
With dihydrogen peroxide; acetic anhydride; methyltrioxorhenium(VII) In water at 60℃;	37%
With 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid In chloroform at 60 - 70℃; for 0.5h;	16.5%

2,3,5-trimethyl-4-nitrosophenol (83498-59-3) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; iron(III) chloride; iron	92%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) + cobalt (7440-48-4) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia In toluene	87%

trimethylhydroquinone (74894-48-7, 74894-49-8) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With rhodium(III) chloride hydrate; oxygen; C25H44NO2PS In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 23℃; for 40h;	87%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diol (19956-76-4)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; N,N-dimethylammonium chloride In various solvent(s) at 60℃; under 760 Torr; for 5h; In oxygen atmosphere.;	A 84.2% B 13.3%
With manganese(III) acetylacetonate In acetic acid for 0.05h; Heating;	A 15% B 63%
With dihydrogen peroxide; ferritin In water at 80℃;	A 10% B n/a

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (95-63-6) + acetic acid (64-19-7) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + Duroquinone (527-17-3, 70128-24-4) + 2,3,5-trimethylanisole (20469-61-8) + 2,3,6-trimethylphenyl acetate (62687-45-0) + 1-methoxy-2,4,5-trimethylbenzene (21573-38-6) + 3-acetoxy-2,5-dihydroxy-5-carboxy-2,3,5-trimethylpentan-4-olide (109576-73-0)

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid at 70℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data; other reaction time: 4 h.;	A 16% B 0.03% C 0.02% D 0.03% E 0.04% F 82.6%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,2,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-4,4-diphenoquinone

Conditions	Yield
With tert.-butylhydroperoxide at 80℃; for 12h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;	A 82.3% B n/a

1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (4537-09-1) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-6-nitrobenzene

Conditions	Yield
With Nitrogen dioxide In dichloromethane in the dark; -78 deg C, 2 min; RT, 15 min;	A 80% B 6%
With Nitrogen dioxide In dichloromethane for 0.0833333h; Ambient temperature;	A 80% B n/a
With Nitrogen dioxide In acetonitrile at -35℃; for 0.166667h;	A 28 % Chromat. B 27 % Chromat.

4-bromo-2,3,6-trimethylphenol (51857-41-1) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With nitric acid In acetic acid	80%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,3,6-trimethyl-2,3-epoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (32445-02-6) + 2,5,6-trimethyl-2,3-epoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (335157-94-3) + 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diol (19956-76-4)

Conditions	Yield
With tert.-butylhydroperoxide In acetonitrile at 35℃; Mechanism; Kinetics; Temperature; Concentration;	A 80% B 7% C 7% D 5%

1-methoxy-4-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene (53651-61-9) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With dihydrogen peroxide; ruthenium trichloride In acetic acid	77%

1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (108-67-8) → Mesitol (527-60-6) + 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With peroxomonophosphoric acid In acetonitrile at 25℃; for 4h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Rate constant; other reagent, ratio of reagent, catalyst, reaction time and temperature; effect of acidity for the H2SO4-catalysed reaction;	A 77% B n/a
With peroxomonophosphoric acid In acetonitrile at 25℃; for 4h;	A 77% B n/a

1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (4537-09-1) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With manganese(IV) oxide; nitric acid In dichloromethane for 1.5h; Ambient temperature;	76%
With ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate In water; acetonitrile at 20℃;	48%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 4-chloro-2,3,6-trimethylphenol (36433-51-9)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen In water; hexan-1-ol at 90℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 24h; Overall yield = 81 %;	A 74% B 7%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2-hydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (2913-43-1)

Conditions	Yield
With dihydrogen peroxide; methyltrioxorhenium(VII) In acetic acid at 40℃; for 2h;	A 70% B 3%

2,3,6-trimethylphenol (2416-94-6) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 4-chloro-2,3,6-trimethylphenol (36433-51-9) + 2,2',3,3',5,5'-hexamethyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diol (19956-76-4)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; lithium chloride In various solvent(s) at 60℃; under 760 Torr; for 5h; Product distribution; Mechanism; Variation of additive. In oxygen atmosphere.;	A 68.8% B 6.7% C 16.5%
With oxygen; diethyl amine hydrochloride In isopropyl alcohol at 40℃; under 860.3 Torr; for 5h; Product distribution; additive, time, solvent;	A 15.8% B 3.8% C 7.5%
With oxygen; 2-aminoethanoic acid hydrochloride In various solvent(s) at 60℃; under 860.3 Torr; for 4h;	A 3.2% B 12.4 % Chromat. C 3.6%
With hydroxylamine hydrochloride; oxygen In methanol at 60℃; under 860.3 Torr; for 5h; Product distribution; other methyl-substituted phenol; var. reagents, solvents and times;	A 55.9 % Chromat. B 2.4 % Chromat. C 18.1 % Chromat.

2,3,5-trimethylphenol (697-82-5) + acetic acid (64-19-7) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,6-benzoquinone (13038-87-4) + 2,3,5-trimethylanisole (20469-61-8) + 1-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene (34649-27-9) + 1-acetoxy-4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene + 3-acetoxy-2,5-dihydroxy-5-carboxy-2,3,5-trimethylpentan-4-olide (109576-73-0)

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid at 50℃; for 0.25h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data;	A 68.2% B 0.02% C 0.03% D 0.04% E 0.03% F 30.5%

1,4-Bis-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (102488-36-8) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2)

Conditions	Yield
With dioxochloro(trimethylsiloxy)chromate(VI) In dichloromethane for 0.5h; Ambient temperature;	68%

peracetic acid (79-21-0) + 2,3,5-trimethylphenol (697-82-5) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0) + 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,6-benzoquinone (13038-87-4) + 2,3,5-trimethylanisole (20469-61-8) + 1-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene (34649-27-9) + 5-acetoxy-2,4-dihydroxy-2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-lacto-1-hexanoic acid

Conditions	Yield
sulfuric acid at 50℃; for 0.5h; Mechanism; Thermodynamic data; effect of catalysts;	A 67.15% B 0.15% C n/a D 0.03% E 0.04% F 32.03%

2,3,5-trimethylphenol (697-82-5) → 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 5-acetoxy-2,4-dihydroxy-2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-lacto-1-hexanoic acid

Conditions	Yield
With peracetic acid; sulfuric acid at 50℃; for 0.5h;	A 67.15% B 32.03%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) → Trimethylhydroquinone (700-13-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium dithionite In diethyl ether; water	100%
With sodium dithionite In diethyl ether; water at 20℃;	100%
With hydrogen In isopropyl alcohol at 110℃; under 7500.75 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;	98%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2-(triisopropylsiloxy)-1,3-butadiene (139278-54-9) → (4aR,8aS)-4a,5,8,8a-tetrahydro-6-(triisopropylsilyl)oxy-2,3,4a-trimethylnaphthalene-1,4-dione

Conditions	Yield
With oxazaborolidinium(1+)*Tf2N(1-) In dichloromethane at -78℃; for 12h; Diels-Alder reaction;	98%

sodium diethylmalonate (996-82-7, 34727-00-9, 73177-21-6) + 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) → ethyl 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-oxo-3-benzofurancarboxylate (71484-05-4)

Conditions	Yield
In ethanol	93%

n-perfluorohexyl iodide (355-43-1) + 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) → 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-tridecafluorohexyl-[1,4]benzoquinone

Conditions	Yield
With dibenzoyl peroxide In acetic acid for 4h; Heating;	93%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile N-oxide (2904-62-3) → 3-(2,6-Dichloro-phenyl)-5,6,7a-trimethyl-3a,7a-dihydro-benzo[d]isoxazole-4,7-dione

Conditions	Yield
In benzene for 120h; Ambient temperature;	89%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + acetic anhydride (108-24-7) → 1,2,4-triacetoxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-benzene (18477-17-3)

Conditions	Yield
With trifluorormethanesulfonic acid for 20h; Ambient temperature;	88%
With sulfuric acid Erhitzen auf dem Dampfbad;
With sulfuric acid
With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + (3-Cyclopropylidenprop-1-enyl)-ethyl-ether (147722-36-9) → rac-4'β-Ethoxy-1',4',4'a,5',8',8'a-hexahydro-4'aα,6',7'-trimethylspiro-5',8'-dion

Conditions	Yield
In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 50℃; for 24h;	84.2%

isophytol (505-32-8) + 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) → vitamin E (59-02-9)

Conditions	Yield
With formic acid; zinc copper for 2h; Heating;	83%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + ethylene glycol (107-21-1) → 6,7,9-trimethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro<4.5>deca-6,9-dien-8-one (130444-17-6)

Conditions	Yield
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid; orthoformic acid triethyl ester In dichloromethane for 240h; Ambient temperature;	83%
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid; orthoformic acid triethyl ester In 1,4-dioxane at 20 - 25℃; for 96h;	76%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + sodium benzenesulfonate (873-55-2) → 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-phenylsulfonylhydroquinone (30771-75-6)

Conditions	Yield
With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane; water Ambient temperature;	82%

(E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol (253686-88-3) + 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) → vitamin E (59-02-9)

Conditions	Yield
With formic acid; zinc copper for 2h; Heating;	81%

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (935-92-2) + 2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzonitrile N-oxide (2904-58-7) → 5,6,7a-Trimethyl-3-(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-phenyl)-3a,7a-dihydro-benzo[d]isoxazole-4,7-dione

Conditions	Yield
In benzene for 168h; Ambient temperature;	80%

Upstream product

• 700-13-0 Trimethylhydroquinone 
• 2416-94-6 2,3,6-trimethylphenol 
• 697-82-5 2,3,5-trimethylphenol 
• 488-71-1 2,3,4,6-tetramethylaniline 
• 767-77-1 2,3,5-trimethylaniline 
• 17959-06-7 4-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethylaniline 
• 71261-15-9 1,3,4-trimethyl-2,5-dinitro-benzene 
• 75-09-2 dichloromethane 
• 359-48-8 trifluoroacetyl peroxide 
• 108-67-8 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene 
• 79-21-0 peracetic acid 
• 95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 
• 4537-09-1 1,4-dimethoxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene 
• 36433-51-9 4-chloro-2,3,6-trimethylphenol 

Downstream Products

• 857618-66-7 2',5'-dihydroxy-2,4,6,3',4',6'-hexamethyl-deoxybenzoin 
• 85979-45-9 5-hydroxy-2,4,6,7-tetramethylbenzofuran 
• 59614-71-0 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone 
• 700-13-0 Trimethylhydroquinone 
• 17302-53-3 4-(hydroxyimino)-2,3,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one 
• 7210-68-6 2-Bromo-3,5,6-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone 
• 24891-96-1 trimethyl-nitro-[1,4]benzoquinone 
• 18477-17-3 1,2,4-triacetoxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-benzene 
• 43109-09-7 4-(2,4-dinitro-phenylazo)-2,3,5-trimethyl-phenol 
• 18093-42-0 3-(2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-dioxo-cyclohexa-1,4-dienylmercapto)-propionic acid 
• 58186-08-6 3-(2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-dioxo-cyclohexa-1,4-dienyl)-propionic acid methyl ester 
• 90242-77-6 α tocotrienol 
• 88008-03-1 2-acetonyl-3,5,6-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone 
• 59-02-9 vitamin E 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol over Ti- and V-containing mesoporous mesophase catalysts: Structure-activity/selectivity correlation

The oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) has been carried out over well-organized Ti- and V-containing mesoporous mesophase silicate catalysts (Ti- and V-MMM) using hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidants. Vanadium leaching was observed in the V-MMM/H2O2 and V-MMM/TBHP systems, whereas no titanium leaching occurred for Ti-MMM with both oxidants. TMP oxidation runs on a surface of Ti-MMM catalyst, producing 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TMBQ) with selectivity as high as 86% at 100% TMP conversion. Titanium content in Ti-MMM determines the state of the active catalytic site and influences the structure regularity, thus affecting the catalytic behavior. The catalysts with titanium loading in the 1.5-2 wt% range show the highest activity and selectivity. Some loss of catalytic properties observed after recycling may occur due to collapsing of the catalyst structure caused by water. The lower the water concentration in the reaction mixture, the more stable the catalyst.

Titanium dioxide xerogel modified with powder cellulose in oxidation of trimethylhydroquinone

A procedure was developed for modification of titanium dioxide xerogel by addition of powder cellulose in the stage preceding hydrolysis of tetramethoxytitanium. The resulting catalytic systems based on the new material were studied in a model liquid-phase catalytic process of oxidative dehydrogenation of trimethylhydroquinone with atmospheric oxygen.

An efficient synthesis of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone by metal-free oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene

The oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene with phthaloyl peroxide has been investigated under solvent-free and optimized conditions. 2,3,5-Trimethylbenzoquinone was obtained with great purity in 92% yield at 95% conversion of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene at 120°C for 2.5 h under solvent-free conditions. The important factors such as the efficiency of the different cyclic acid anhydrides or carboxylic acid peroxides, the concentration of phthalic anhydride and 30% H2O2, the reaction time, the effect of solvent system, and the reaction temperature have been studied. An important advantage of this oxidizing system, aside from the organic solvent-free conditions, is that it is non-toxic, eco-friendly, and inexpensive. In addition, this methodology will be of great use in the preparation of commercially valuable benzoquinones from the corresponding aromatic compounds.

Insights into the surface chemistry and electronic properties of sp2 and sp3-hybridized nanocarbon materials for catalysis

Ultra-dispersed nanodiamond and its derivatives (UNDDs), including bucky nanodiamond and onion-like carbon, offer superior catalytic behavior relative to other nanocarbons. However, a systematic study of their unique properties has been rarely achieved. Their surface chemistry and electronic properties are therefore studied to reveal the essential differences of UNDDs compared to other nanocarbons for catalysis.

Hierarchical mesoporous TS-1 zeolite: A highly active and extraordinarily stable catalyst for the selective oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol

We report the synthesis of a new hierarchical mesoporous TS-1 type zeolite by a simple steam-assisted crystallization method. This novel product exhibits high catalytic activity and a strongly prolonged lifetime in the selective oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol to trimethyl-p-benzoquinone.

Efficient oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethyl phenol using non- exchanged and H+ exchanged manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (K-OMS-2 and H-K-OMS-2) as catalysts

A new and efficient oxidation process of 2,3,6- trimethyl phenol to 2,3,6-trimethyl benzoquinone (TMQ) is reported forthwith using non-exchanged and H+-exchanged manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (K-OMS-2 and H-K-OMS-2) as benign catalysts. The oxidation reaction is efficiently carried out using TBHP as oxidant and with catalytic amounts of OMS-2 achieving >95% conversion with excellent selectivity (～99%) to TMQ in 30 min. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.

Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol on titanium dioxide xerogel by hydrogen peroxide in the absence of an organic solvent

Fundamental aspects of the synthesis of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone by oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol adsorbed on the surface of a titanium dioxide xerogel and on TiO2 modified with powdered cellulose with hydrogen peroxide without any organic solvent involved in the process were studied.

CATALYTICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYVANADOMOLYBDIC ACIDS IN OXIDATION OF 1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE BY PERACETIC ACID

Polyvanadomolybdic acids catalyze the process of peracid oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene.The selectivity with respect to 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone increases with increasing degree of replacement of vanadium atoms in the PVMA by molybdenum; this is related to increased stability of the intermediate peroxides of the heteropolyvanadates.

Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol to 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinon over binary xerogels TiO2—SiO2 in the three-phase system

The technique of synthesis of 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinon via catalytic oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol in H2O2—H2O—PhCH3 system with vibrational stirring is developed. Xerogels TiO2 and TiO2—SiO2 were used as catalysts in the process. The effect of physicochemical properties of xerogels on the course and characteristics of oxidation is studied.

Oxidative dehydrogenation of 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone in the presence of titanium dioxide hydrogel

Liquid-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone in the presence of titanium dioxide hydrogel was studied by a kinetic method. Associative interactions between the substrate, oxidant, and gel were detected by voltammetry and ESR and IR spectroscopy.