- Synthesis of 2-Chlorothiirane 1,1-dioxide
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2-Chloro 1,1-dioxide (CAS NO.: ), which is also known as Thiirane, 2-chloro-, 1,1-dioxide, could be produced through the following synthetic routes.
A. Chloromethanesulfonyl chloride. A slurry of 210 g. (1.52 moles) of s-trithiane in a mixture of 1 l. of glacial acetic acid and 210 ml. of water is prepared in a 2-l., three-necked, round-bottomed flask equipped with an efficient mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, a coarsely fritted gas inlet tube. and an exit tube by which excess fumes are carried to the rear of the hood. The flask is immersed in an ice bath, and the stirrer is started. A stream of is introduced at such a rate that the temperature of the mixture is maintained between 40° and 50° by the mildly exothermic reaction. After 1–2 hours a yellow solution results. To this solution is added 300 ml. of water, at which point the temperature rises to ca. 60°.
Chlorine is again introduced, and the stirred reaction mixture is cooled to maintain the temperature initially in the vicinity of 40°. During 3 hours the temperature slowly returns to that of the surroundings, and the stream of chlorine is stopped. The yellow solution is allowed to stand overnight at room temperature and is then transferred to a 4-l. Erlenmeyer flask and diluted with 1.5 l. of ice water. The flask is stoppered and placed in a refrigerator for 2–3 hours. The aqueous phase is decanted from the denser, organic layer that has separated and is extracted with four 300-ml. portions of methylene chloride. The methylene chloride extracts are combined with the original organic layer, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated on a rotary evaporator at 20–30°. The material that remains is distilled through a 15-cm. Vigreux column. Chloromethanesulfonyl chloride is collected as a colorless, lachrymatory liquid, b.p. 80–81° (25 mm.), n26D 1.4840–1.4850; yield 135–220 g. (20–32%).
B. 2-Chlorothiirane 1,1-dioxide. In a 500-ml., three-necked, round-bottomed flask fitted with an efficient mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, and two pressure-equalizing addition funnels is placed an ethereal solution of 4.6 g. (0.11 mole) of . The system is blanked with nitrogen, the stirrer is started, and the solution is cooled to -10° with an ice-methanol bath. A solution of 14.9 g. (0.100 mole) of chloromethanesulfonyl chloride in 40 ml. of ether and a solution of 10.0 g. (0.099 mole) of triethylamine in 40 ml. of ether are simultaneously added dropwise from the two addition funnels. The addition requires about 45 minutes. The insoluble triethylamine hydrochloride is separated by filtration and washed with 25 ml. of cold ether. The combined filtrate and washings are evaporated at reduced pressure below 25° to give white crystalline 2-chlorothiirane 1,1-dioxide, m.p. 49–51°; yield 10.0–10.5 g.. (80–84%). The product may be further purified by recrystallization from ether-hexane at -70°; m.p. 53–54° (8.9 g. after two recrystallizations).
Because of the toxic nature of chlorine and diazomethane and the lachrymatory properties of chloromethanesulfonyl chloride, both steps of this preparation should be carried out in a well-ventilated hood. Diazomethane is also explosive; follow the directions for its handling given in earlier volumes.
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