Improvement on the photorefractive performance of a monolithic molecular material by introducing electron traps

Article abstract of DOI:10.1063/1.1784522

The ehancement in photorefractive performance was observed by introducing tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq₃) as electron traps. A small amount of Alq₃ formed quantum dots in (9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3- ethylmetjylent)(4-nitrophenyl)-amine (ECYENPA), serving as electron traps. Alq₃ prevented the the electron-hoe recombination and accelerate the electron-hole separation, benefiting the buildup of internal space-charge electric field. The analysis show that for a sample doped with 2 wt% of Alq ₃ produced large two-beam coupling coefficient of 424 cm^-1 in contrast to a value of 232 cm^-1 for a sample without Alq ₃.