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Propylene carbonate

  • Name Propylene carbonate
  • EINECS203-572-1
  • CAS No. 108-32-7
  • Density1.169 g/cm3
  • PSA35.53000
  • LogP0.54170
  • Solubility240 g/L (20°C) in water
  • Melting Point-49 °C
  • FormulaC4H6O3
  • Boiling Point241.7 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight102.09
  • Flash Point135.3 °C
  • Transport InformationN/A
  • Appearancecolourless liquid
  • Safety26-37/39
  • Risk Codes36
  • Molecular Structure
    Molecular Structure of 108-32-7 (Propylene carbonate)
  • Hazard SymbolsIrritantXi
  • SynonymsIrritantXi
  • Article Data145

Propylene carbonate Synthetic route

124-38-9

carbon dioxide

75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; CrTTPCl at 60℃; under 37751.8 - 40337.5 Torr; for 40h;100%
With triphenylphosphine; sodium iodide; phenol at 120℃; under 30002.4 Torr; for 4h;100%
pentabutyl propyl guanidinium chloride; silica gel at 120℃; under 33752.7 Torr; for 4h;100%
57-55-6

propylene glycol

616-38-6

carbonic acid dimethyl ester

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120℃; for 7h; Product distribution / selectivity; Molecular sieve;100%
In neat (no solvent) at 110℃; for 24h; Temperature; Molecular sieve; Green chemistry;99%
With 1,1,1-trioctyl-1-methylphosphonium methylcarbonate at 90℃; for 1h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst;96%
17578-13-1

5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2,4-dione

75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With [N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tertbutylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediimine]CoCl; bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride at 20℃; for 1h; Catalytic behavior; Time; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent;100%
75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (2S)-N,N,N-2-trimethylethanaminium-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid hydroiodide at 120℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 6h; Pressure;99%
With carbon dioxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 99.84℃; under 4137.29 Torr; for 10h; Autoclave;
With [Ti(5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)tetrazole(-H))2Cl2]*2tetrahydrofuran; tetra-(n-butyl)ammonium iodide at 75℃; under 16501.7 Torr; for 4.5h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Concentration; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Glovebox; Autoclave;
With [AlCl((OC6H4CHN)2C6H4)]; carbon dioxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide In water at 20℃; for 24h; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere;
With potassium iodide; L-Tryptophan at 120℃; under 15001.5 Torr; for 1h;99 %Chromat.
57-55-6

propylene glycol

124-38-9

carbon dioxide

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 2-Cyanopyridine; cerium(IV) oxide at 139.84℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 1h; Temperature; Autoclave;99%
With 1,10-Phenanthroline; calcium carbide; zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 180℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 24h; Autoclave; Glovebox; Sealed tube;92%
With potassium carbonate; (S)-propyleneoxide at 120℃; under 30003 Torr; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst; Pressure; Time; Autoclave; Green chemistry;78%
75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

3190-71-4

5-benzyl L-glutamate N-carboxyanhydride

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (R,R)-N,N-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminochromium(III) chloride; bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride In tetrahydrofuran Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Glovebox;99%
10430-90-7

piperazine-1-carboxylic acid

75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

A

110-85-0

piperazine

B

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium iodide at 160℃; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst;A 97.6%
B 95.3%
109-58-0

N-β-aminoethylcarbamic acid

75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

A

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

B

107-15-3

ethylenediamine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium fluoride at 100℃; for 0.5h;A 90.2%
B 96.3%
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

75-56-9, 16033-71-9

methyloxirane

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1-carboxypropyl-imidazolium bromide at 120℃; under 11251.1 Torr; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;95.7%
at 25℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;95%
2167-38-6

3-methyloxetane

124-38-9

carbon dioxide

108-32-7

1,2-propylene cyclic carbonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With di(pyrazin-2-yl)amine; erbium(III) chloride; tetrabutylammomium bromide; zinc at 100℃; under 11251.1 Torr; for 1h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;95%

Propylene carbonate Chemical Properties

IUPAC Name: 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Synonyms of Carbonic acid cyclic propylene ester (CAS NO.108-32-7): Carbonicacid, cyclic propylene ester (8CI) ; Carbonic acid, propylene ester (6CI) ; 1,2-Propanediol carbonate ; 1-Methylethylene carbonate ; 2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane
CAS NO: 108-32-7
Molecular Formula: C4H6O3
Molecular Weight:102.10
Molecular Structure:
EINECS:203-572-1
H bond acceptors: 3
H bond donors: 0
Freely Rotating Bonds: 0
Polar Surface Area: 35.53 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.415
Molar Refractivity: 21.88 cm3
Molar Volume: 87.2 cm3
Surface Tension: 30 dyne/cm
Density: 1.169 g/cm3
Flash Point: 135.3 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 47.87 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 241.7 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0354 mmHg at 25°C
Melting Point: -49 °C
Water Solubility: 240 g/L (20°C)
Appearance: colourless liquid
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases, reducing agents. Protect from contact with moist air or water. 
Product Categories of Carbonic acid cyclic propylene ester (CAS NO.108-32-7): Intermediates of Dyes and Pigments;Dioxanes & Dioxolanes;Dioxolanes

Propylene carbonate Uses

 Carbonic acid cyclic propylene ester (CAS NO.108-32-7) is a polar solvent, used as a plasticizer, spinning solvent, water-soluble dyes and plastics dispersant. It can be replaced by phenolic resin as wood adhesives, but also for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate. Beisdes, Carbonic acid cyclic propylene ester can be used for oily solvent, spinning solvents, olefins, aromatics extraction agent, carbon dioxide absorbent, water-soluble dyes and pigment dispersant.

Propylene carbonate Production

CARBONIC ACID CYCLIC PROPYLENE ESTER (108-32-7) 's producetion.
1. Phosgene the role of raw material propylene glycol with phosgene to generate hydroxyl isopropyl chloroformate, and then reacts with sodium hydroxide, propylene carbonate, and then by vacuum distillation was finished.
2. Transesterification.
3. Chloro-propanol France.
4. Synthesis of propylene oxide with carbon dioxide to carbon dioxide and propylene oxide at 150-160oC , 5MPa reaction under the conditions of propylene carbonate. After decompression fractionation was finished. The above method have been industrialized, but the high cost of the first three methods of production, product quality and poor, which was gradually replaced by a fourth method. 5. Propylene oxide with carbon dioxide to synthesis. This method is developed in the laboratory in recent years as a synthetic method.

Propylene carbonate Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LD intraperitoneal > 500mg/kg (500mg/kg)   "Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological Coordination Center. Vol. 6, Pg. 218, 1954.
mouse LD50 oral 20700mg/kg (20700mg/kg)   Journal of the American College of Toxicology. Vol. 6(1), Pg. 23, 1987.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 15800mg/kg (15800mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)

BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Shikoku Igaku Zasshi. Shikoku Medical Journal. Vol. 28, Pg. 276, 1972.
rabbit LD50 skin > 20mL/kg (20mL/kg)   Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 4/25/1958,
rat LC50 inhalation > 5gm/m3 (5000mg/m3)   United States Patent Document. Vol. #5122301,
rat LD50 oral 29100uL/kg (29.1mL/kg)   Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 4/25/1958,
rat LD50 subcutaneous 11100mg/kg (11100mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)

BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Shikoku Igaku Zasshi. Shikoku Medical Journal. Vol. 28, Pg. 276, 1972.

 

Propylene carbonate Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Propylene carbonate Safety Profile

Hazard Codes: IrritantXi
Risk Statements: 36 
R36: Irritating to eyes.
Safety Statements: 26-37/39
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: FF9650000
F: 3-10
HS Code: 29209010
Mildly toxic by ingestion and other routes. A human skin irritant. An eye irritant. See also ESTERS. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. Can react with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ESTERS.
CARBONIC ACID CYCLIC PROPYLENE ESTER (108-32-7) has the safty information.
 

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