10294-34-5

Usage

Chemical Description

Boron trichloride is a boron compound used as a reactant.

Uses

1. Used in the Electronics Industry:
Boron trichloride is used as a source of pure boron (reduction with hydrogen) for the electronics industry.
It is used in the production of optical fibers, as a p-type dopant for thermal diffusion in silicon, and for ion implantation.
2. Used in the Chemical Industry:
Boron trichloride is used as a catalyst in chemical manufacture, promoting reactions that liberate electron-pair donors such as ammonia and amines.
3. Used in the Metal Refining Industry:
It is used in the refining of aluminum, copper, magnesium, and zinc to remove oxides, nitrides, and carbides from the molten metal.
Boron trichloride can remove carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen from an aluminum melt, improving its tensile strength and allowing remelting without a major change in the grain structure.
4. Used in the Semiconductor Industry:
Boron trichloride is used in semiconductors for various applications.
5. Used in the Bonding of Iron and Steels:
It is used in the bonding of iron and steels.
6. Used in the Purification of Metal Alloys:
Boron trichloride is used for the purification of metal alloys to remove oxides, nitrides, and carbides.
7. Used in the Preparation of Boranes:
It is used for the preparation of boranes by reaction with metal hydrides.
8. Used in Soldering Fluxes:
Boron trichloride is used in soldering fluxes for many other uses.
Chemical Properties:
Boron trichloride reacts violently with water, and on decomposition and hydrolysis, it yields hydrochloric and boric acid. It has a pungent, highly irritating odor. Occupational exposure to boron and boron compounds can occur in industries that produce special glass, washing powder, soap and cosmetics, leather, cement, etc.

Preparation

Boron trichloride can be prepared by high temperature chlorination of boron trioxide, boric acid, metal borates or other boron compounds. Chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene, silicon tetrachloride, metal chlorides, carbontetrachloride, sulfuryl chloride and phosphorus tri- and pentachlorides are some of the common chlorinating agents. The reaction is carried out at temperatures varying between 400° to 1,400°C, depending on the reactants used. In commercial processes, carbon is generally used to reduce boron oxide during its chlorination. Some of the preparative reactions are outlined below: B2O3 + 2PCl3 → 2BCl3 + P2O3 2B2O3 + 3CCl4 → 4BCl3 + 3CO2 B2O3 + 3C+ 3Cl2 → 2BCl3 + 3CO 2B(OH)3 +3C + 3Cl2 → 2BCl3 + 3CO + 3H2O B2O3 + 3C + 6HCl → 2BCl3 + 3CO + 3H2 Na2B4O7 + 7C + 14HCl → 4BCl3 + 2NaCl + 7CO + 7H2 2KBF4 + 3MgCl2 → 2BCl3 + 2KF + 3MgF2 Boron trichloride may also be obtained by high temperature chlorination of boron: 2B + 3Cl2 → 2BCl3 B + 3AgCl → BCl3 + 3Ag In the laboratory, boron trichloride may be made at ordinary temperatures by the reaction of boron trifluoride with aluminum chloride: BF3 + AlCl3 → BCl3 + AlF3

Air & Water Reactions

Fumes in air, including moisture in air and soil, to form hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Reacts vigorously with water and forms hydrochloric acid fumes and boric acid.

Reactivity Profile

Boron trichloride vigorously attacks elastomers and packing materials. Contact with Viton, Tygon, Saran and natural and synthetic rubbers is not recommended. Highly corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture. Reacts energetically with nitrogen dioxide/dinitrogen tetraoxide, aniline, phosphine, triethylsilane, or fat and grease [Mellor 5:132 1946-47]. Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (examples: amines, amides, inorganic hydroxides).

Health Hazard

Boron trichloride is highly irritating and corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.may cause severe burns to skin. May result in marked fluid and electrolyte loss and shock. On acute inhalation, boron trichloride result in sneezing, hoarseness, choking, laryngitis, and respiratory tract irritation along with bleeding of the nose and gums, ulceration of the nasal and oral mucosa, bronchitis, pneumonia, dyspnea, chest pain, and pulmonary edema.

Fire Hazard

When heated to decomposition, Boron trichloride emits toxic fumes of chlorides. Boron trichloride will react with water or steam to produce heat, and toxic and corrosive fumes. In hot water, decomposes to hydrochloric acid and boric acid. Fumes and hydrolyzes in moist air to form hydrochloric acid and oily, irritating corrosives. Avoid aniline, hexafluorisopropylidene amino lithium, nitrogen dioxide, phosphine, grease, organic matter, and oxygen. Nitrogen peroxide, phosphine, fat or grease react energetically with Boron trichloride . Oxygen and Boron trichloride react vigorously on sparking. Boron trichloride and aniline react violently in the absence of a coolant or diluent. Stable.

Potential Exposure

Used in refining of aluminum, magnesium, copper alloys, and in polymerization of styrene. Manufacture and purification of boron; catalyst in organic reactions; semiconductors; bonding of iron or steel; purification of metal alloys to remove oxides, nitrides, and carbides; chemical intermediate for boron filaments; soldering flux; electrical resistors; and extinguishing magnesium fires in heat treating furnaces.

Physiological effects

Boron trichloride is irritating and corrosive to all living tissue. Exposure of skin tissue to higher concentrations of boron trichloride or the liquid can cause hydrochloric acid bums and skin lesions resulting in tissue destruction and scarring. Chemical pneumonitis (deep lung inflammation) and pulmonary edema (abnormal fluid buildup in the lungs) result trom excessive exposure to the lower respiratory tract and deep lung. Bums to the eyes result in lesions and possible loss of vision. Symptoms of exposure include tearing of eyes, coughing, labored breathing, and excessive salivary and sputum formation. ACGIH has not established a Threshold Limit Value (TLV?) for boron trichloride. It is recommended that compliance with the 5 ppm ceiling limit (TLV-C) for hydrogen chloride be used.

storage

Boron trichloride cylinders should be protected from physical damage. The cylinders should be stored upright and fi rmly secured to prevent falling or being knocked over, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area of non-combustible construction away from heavily traffi cked areas and emergency exits

Purification Methods

Purify it (from chlorine) by passage through two mercury-filled bubblers, then fractionally distil it under a slight vacuum. In a more extensive purification the nitrobenzene addition compound is formed by passage of the gas over nitrobenzene in a vacuum system at 10o. Volatile impurities are removed from the crystalline yellow solid by pumping at -20o, and the BCl3 is recovered by warming the addition compound at 50o. Passage through a trap at -78o removes entrained nitrobenzene, the BCl3 finally condensing in a trap at -112o [Brown & Holmes J Am Chem Soc 78 2173 1956]. Also purify it by condensing it into a trap cooled in acetone/Dry-ice, where it is pumped for 15minutes to remove volatile impurities. It is then warmed, recondensed and again pumped. [Gamble Inorg Synth III 27 1950.] TOXIC.

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with lead, graphiteimpregnated asbestos, potassium, sodium. Vigorously attacks elastomers, packing materials, natural and synthetic rubber; viton, tygon, saran, silastic elastomers. Avoid aniline, hexafluorisopropylidene amino lithium, nitrogen dioxide, phosphine, grease, organic matter; and oxygen. Nitrogen peroxide, phosphine. Fat or grease react vigorously with boron trichloride. It reacts with water or steam to produce heat, boric acid, and corrosive hydrochloric acid fumes. Oxygen and boron trichloride react vigorously on sparking. Attacks most metals in the presence of moisture.

Waste Disposal

Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Nonrefillable cylinders should be disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Allow remaining gas to vent slowly into atmosphere in an unconfined area or exhaust hood. Refillabletype cylinders should be returned to original supplier with any valve caps and outlet plugs secured and valve protection caps in place.

Precautions

Boron trichloride vigorously attacks elastomers and packing materials, natural and synthetic rubbers. It also reacts energetically with nitrogen dioxide/dinitrogen tetraoxide, aniline, phosphine, triethylsilane, or fat and grease. It reacts exothermically with chemical bases such as amines, amides, and inorganic hydroxides. Occupational workers should use gloves of neoprene or butyl rubber, PVC or polyethylene, safety goggles, or glasses and face shield, and safety shoes.

GRADES AVAILABLE

Boron trichloride is available for commercial and industrial purposes with a minimum purity of99.9 percent by weight.Boron trichloride is also available in ultra high purity grades for use in the electronics industry. Gas purity guidelines have been developed and published by the Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International and can be found in the Book ofSEMI Standards.

InChI:InChI=1/B.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3

Synthetic route

boron → boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
In melt Electrolysis; electrolysis in a chloride melt (400-500°C);	100%
With chlorine 400°C;; 6-8 times vac. distn. spect. purity product obtained;
With silver(I) chloride

cyclotriboric acid trimethyl ester (102-24-9) + chlorine (7782-50-5) → boron trioxide + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
byproducts: HCl, ClCOCl; at room temp.;;	A n/a B 96%

C10H20BCl2N2(1+)*BCl4(1-)=[C10H20BCl2N2]BCl4 → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (64486-90-4)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium amalgam In hexane Ar atmosphere, stiring (overnight in the dark); decantation, filtration, removement of volatiles (vacuum), sublimation (40 to 60°C, 0.01 Torr);	A n/a B 91%

dichloroborane (10325-39-0) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + diborane (19287-45-7)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen condensation of HBCl2/BCl3/B2H6 mixt. on molecular sieve, heating in H2 stream, BCl3 not adsorbed, B2H6 easily desorbed, strongly adsorbed HBCl2 slowly symmetrysied;	A n/a B 90%
With H2 condensation of HBCl2/BCl3/B2H6 mixt. on molecular sieve, heating in H2 stream, BCl3 not adsorbed, B2H6 easily desorbed, strongly adsorbed HBCl2 slowly symmetrysied;	A n/a B 90%
equil. const. Kx determined at 273 K;

B2Cl4 (13701-67-2) → octaboron octachloride (32915-80-3) + B9Cl9 (31304-34-4) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrachloromethane 100°C, 2 weeks; NMR monitoring; not isolated, detected by NMR;	A 88% B n/a C n/a

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + boron trifluoride (7637-07-2) → aluminum(III) fluoride (7784-18-1) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
heating with excess of BF3; condensation of BCl3 in an U-tube cooled the mixt. of CO2 and alcohol; fractionated distn.;	A n/a B 80%
heating with excess of BF3; condensation of BCl3 in an U-tube cooled the mixt. of CO2 and alcohol; fractionated distn.;	A n/a B 80%

1,3-bis(dichloroboryl)propane (89033-11-4) + boron triiodide (13517-10-7) → 1,3-bis(diiodoboryl)propane (157426-91-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
removal of BCl3 in vacuo;; distillation in vacuo after 4 h;;	A 78% B n/a

pentaborane(9) + diboron tetrachloride (13701-67-2) → monochlorodiborane (17927-57-0) + 1-(dichloroboryl)pentaborane + dichloroborane (10325-39-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + diborane (19287-45-7)

Conditions

Yield

In neat (no solvent) reaction carried out in Pyrex tubes to which Teflon valves had been sealed or in a N2-filled glovebox; reaction of B2Cl4 with excess B5H9 in a 1:3 mole ratio; vessel allowed to warm from -196 ° C to ambient temp., 20 min at ambient temp.,; fractionation, yield of 1-BCl2B5H8 based upon amt. of B2Cl4 employed: 73%, based upon amt. of B5H9 consumed: 95%; small amts. of B2H6, BCl2H, B2H5Cl, also material insufficiently volatileto move into vac. line formed;;

A n/a B 73% C n/a D n/a E n/a

diphenylboronchloride (3677-81-4) + boron triiodide (13517-10-7) → (diphenyl)iodoborane (17933-05-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
heating at 130-140°C for 4 h; distn.;	A 72% B n/a

boron trioxide + sodium chloride (7647-14-5) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
800-1000°C; ratio B2O3:NaCl=3:1;	60%
800-1000°C; ratio B2O3:NaCl=1:1;	30%
	0%

dichloro(pentafluorophenyl)borane (830-48-8) → bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron chloride (2720-03-8) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) pyrolysis at 220°C within 25 hours;;	A 59% B n/a
heating;
heating;

C18H20BCl2N2(1+)*Cl(1-)=[C18H20BCl2N2]Cl → 1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-diazaborole (212375-81-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium amalgam In hexane Ar atmosphere, stiring (room temp., 5 d); decantation, removement volatiles (vacuum);	A 55% B n/a

Cl2BNCl(C2H5) (74686-73-0) + diboron tetrachloride (13701-67-2) → N-ethylbis(dichloroboryl)amine (74686-75-2) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
under N2, with exclusion of moisture, reagents in 8/4.4 mmol ratio, condensed at -196°C, gently warmed to room temp. for 15 min; BCl3 sepd. by distn.; elem. anal.;	A 37.5% B n/a

2,4-dicarba-closo-heptaborane (20693-69-0) + 1,6-dicarba-closo-decaborane(10) (23704-81-6) → 5-Cl-closo-2,4-C2B5H6 (28347-92-4) + 1,6-C2B8H9-2-(or-3-)Cl + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminium trichloride; chlorine In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CH3BCl2, CH2(BCl2)2; addn. of mixt. of B-compds. to NMR tube contg. freshly sublimed AlCl3, addn. of Cl2 gas, warmed from -190°C to room temp. for 3 h; not isolated; detected by NMR;	A 36% B 32% C 4%

5-Cl-closo-2,4-C2B5H6 (28347-92-4) → C2B5H4(CH3)2Cl + C2B5H4(CH3)2Cl + 5-CH3-6-Cl-closo-2,4-C2B5H5 (79550-11-1) + 1,1-bis(dichloroboryl)methane (40710-68-7) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
With chloroform In chloroform heating of 5-Cl-2,4-C2B5H6 and CH3Cl in a react. vessel at 126°Cfor 21.0 h; further products; cold-column vac. fractionation at -104 to -29°C; identification by (11)B-NMR;	A n/a B n/a C 34% D n/a E n/a

tris(dichloroboryl)methane (40710-69-8) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + hexachloro hexaboraadamantane (54573-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
450°C, sealed tube; cooling to room temp. over 12 h yields crystals, evapn. of volatile products, boraadamantane is sublimated in vac., elem. anal.;	A n/a B 28%

pentaborane(9) + diboron tetrachloride (13701-67-2) → 1-(dichloroboryl)pentaborane + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) reaction carried out in pyrex tubes to which Teflon valves had been sealed or N2 filled glovebox; reaction of B2Cl4 with excess B5H9 in a 1.0:1.4 mole ratio; vessel allowed to warm from -196 ° C to ambient temp., 25 min at ambient temp.,; fractionation,;	A 26% B n/a
In neat (no solvent) reaction carried out in a Pyrex tubes to which Teflon valves had been sealed, or in a N2-filled glovebox; reaction of B2Cl4 with excess B5H9 in a 2.9:1.0 mole ratio; vessel allowed to warm from -196 ° C to ambient temp., 12 min at ambient temp.,; fractionation, nonvolatile material remained within the vessel, yield of BCl2B5H8 was 8% based upon amt. of B2Cl4, 34% based upon unrecovered b5H9;	A 8% B n/a

1,1-bis(dichloroboryl)methane (40710-68-7) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + hexachloro hexaboraadamantane (54573-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
byproducts: HCl; 450°C, sealed tube; cooling to room temp. over 12 h yields crystals, evapn. of volatile products, boraadamantane is sublimated in vac,, elem. anal.;	A n/a B 24%

(azido)dichloroborane (35226-75-6) → hexachlorborazine (19087-72-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
byproducts: N2; 200°C, in bomb tube;	A n/a B 24%
byproducts: N2; 200°C, in bomb tube;	A n/a B 24%

1-I-B5H8 (30624-33-0) → 1-chloro-pentaborane(9) (19469-13-7) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + diborane (19287-45-7)

Conditions	Yield
With mercury dichloride byproducts: H2, HCl; heating in closed react. tube at 105°C, 70 min;;	A 7% B n/a C n/a
With mercury dichloride byproducts: H2, HCl; in bomb tube at temp. >= 100°C;;

diboron tetrabromide (14355-29-4) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + BBrCl2 + Dibromochloroborane

Conditions	Yield
With tetrachloromethane Vac.-distn. of B2Br4 to CCl4, heating in an oil-bath (96°C, 5.75 h).; Monitored by (11)B-NMR.;	A 5.5% B 4.5% C 1.3%

dichloro-methyl-borane (7318-78-7) → boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + hexachloro hexaboraadamantane (54573-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
byproducts: HCl; 450°C, sealed tube; cooling to room temp. over 12 h yields crystals, evapn. of volatile products, boraadamantane is sublimated in vac., elem. anal.;	A n/a B 5%

diboron tetrachloride (13701-67-2) + phosphorus trichloride (7719-12-2, 52843-90-0) → closo-1,7-P2B10Cl10 (244036-47-3) + closo-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1,2-diphosphahexaborane(4) (112897-10-6) + closo-1,10-P2B8Cl8 (263152-14-3) + conjuncto-3,3'-(1,2-P2B4Cl3)2 (263152-13-2) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) (vac. or inert gas); B2Cl4 and PCl3 condensed in vac., sealed, heated at 400°C for 1 h, allowed to cool over 20 h; vac.-evapd. at 0°C, extd. with BCl3, evapd. at 0°C, fractionated by sublimation in vac.;	A 5% B n/a C n/a D n/a E n/a

ethyl 1,1-dichloroacetate (535-15-9) + molecular compound of dichloroacetic acid ethyl ester with 1 mol boron chloride → dichloroacethyl chloride (79-36-7) + chloroethane (75-00-3) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
at 45℃;

butoxy-dichloro-borane (16339-30-3) → dibutoxy-chloro-borane (18379-65-2) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
at 20℃; under 14 Torr; Disproportionierung;

dichloro(neopentyloxy)borane (34456-12-7) → bis(neopentyloxy)chloroborane (115001-74-6) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
at 20℃; Zersetzung;

(2-chloroethoxy)dichloroborane (16339-31-4) → tris(2-chloroethoxy)borane (22238-19-3) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
at 70℃; under 14 Torr;

bis(n-octyloxy)chloroborane (93314-06-8) → tri-n-octyl borate (2467-12-1) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
under 0.01 Torr;

(n-octyloxy)dichloroborane (98561-14-9) → 1-Chlorooctane (111-85-3) + tri-n-octyl borate (2467-12-1) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
Erwaermen unter vermindertem Druck;

butoxy-dichloro-borane (16339-30-3) → n-Butyl chloride (109-69-3) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + boroxide

Conditions	Yield
Disproportionierung bei Normaldruck;

monochlorodiborane (17927-57-0) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → dichloroborane (10325-39-0)

Conditions	Yield
in presence of fluid BCl3; 100 % conversion at 20°C in 1 week; more than 60 % B2H5Cl reacts at 30°C in 4 h;	100%
100°C; 20 min.;	>99
100°C; 20 min; BCl3 in excess;	>99

boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + sodium triethylborohydride → diborane (19287-45-7)

Conditions	Yield
ambient temp.;	100%
ambient temp.;	100%

trifluorormethanesulfonic acid (1493-13-6) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → tris(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)boron (64371-01-3)

Conditions	Yield
at 10 - 20℃; for 4h;	100%
In 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane soln. of the components stirred at -78 ° C for 4-6 h; SO2ClF may also be used as solvent instead of Freon-113; soln. warmed to room temp.; white solid obtained after removal of the solvent; prduct purified by distn. (68-73 ° C, 0.5 Torr); elem. anal.;;

nitrogen trichloride (10025-85-1) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → hexachlorborazine (19087-72-0)

Conditions	Yield
	100%
	100%

tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (1923-70-2) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → tetrabutylammonium trichloroperchloratoborate (54775-46-1)

Conditions	Yield
In chloroform introducing of gaseous BCl3 to soln. of <(C4H9)4N> in CHCl3 at 20°C; distn. and drying in vac.;	100%
In neat (no solvent) Bu4NClO4 reacted slowly with excess of BCl3 at 20°C; elem. anal.;
In chloroform Bu4NClO4 reacted slowly with BCl3 in CHCl3 at 20°C; elem. anal.;
In chloroform

Cp(CO)2Fe(P(O)(OMe)(NEt2)) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → (η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2P(OBCl3)(Cl)(NEt2)

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; dichloromethane (N2); a soln. of BCl3 in hexane added to a soln. of Fe-complex at -78°C; stirred for 1 h at room temp.; evapd.; added CH2Cl2; filtered; evapd.; recrystd. from CH2Cl2/hexane;	100%

[(AlH)6(AlN(CH3)3)2(CCH2CH2Si(CH3)3)6]*2CH3C6H5 + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → [(AlCl)6(AlN(CH3)3)2(CCH2CH2Si(CH3)3)6]

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; toluene byproducts: B2H6; (N2); using Schlenk techniques; addn. dropwise of soln. BCl3 (2 equiv.) in hexane to soln. of (AlH3)6(AlNMe3)2(CCH2CH2SiMe3)6 (1 equiv.) in toluene at -78°C, stirring for 0.5 h at this temp., stirring for 0.5 h at 0°C and 2 h at room temp.; removal of volatiles in vac. at 30°C, recrystn. from toluene (50°C/4°C), drying in vac., elem. anal.;	100%

nitrido(tetra-tert-butylphthalocyaninato)rhenium(V) (158789-52-7) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → ((CH3)3CC8H3NN)4ReNBCl3 (582295-87-2)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane Re compd. dissolved in CH2Cl2 and cooled to -5°C, electrophile added dropwise to this soln., stirred for 6 h at -5°C; solvent removed at -5°C, elem. anal.;	100%

boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + rhenium(VII) oxide → rhenium trichloride dioxide

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) (Ar); Re2O7 put into glass ampoule; BCl3 condensed onto it at -196°C; warmed slowly to -40°C then to room temp.; slowly cooled to -60°C;	100%

5,5-difluoro-10-(p-tolyl)-5H-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazaborinin-4-ium-5-uide (955084-10-3) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → 4,4-dichloro-8-p-tolyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane for 0.25h; Inert atmosphere; UV-irradiation;	100%

2,2'-biquinoline (119-91-5) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → C18H12BCl2N2(1+)*Cl(1-)

Conditions	Yield
In n-heptane; dichloromethane at -78 - 25℃; for 20h; Inert atmosphere;	100%

boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + 4-n-butyl-1-trimethylsilylbenzene (81631-74-5) → 4-n-butylphenyldichloroborane

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 20℃; Inert atmosphere;	100%

chlorosulfonic acid (7790-94-5) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → B(SO3Cl)3

Conditions	Yield
at 6 - 20℃; for 4h;	100%

boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + 3,3',5,5'-tetraphenyl-ms-aza-2,2'-dipyrrolylmethene difluoroborate → 4,4-dichloro-1,3,5,7-tetraphenyl-4-bora-3a,4a,8-triaza-s-indacene

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.333333h; Glovebox; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;	100%

N,N-difluoroboryl-[N-(3-phenyl-2H-isoindol-1-yl)-N-(3-phenyl-1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)amine] (1073151-42-4) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → N,N-dichloroboryl-[N-(3-phenyl-2H-isoindol-1-yl)-N-(3-phenyl1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)amine]

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.333333h; Glovebox; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;	100%

C27H24BFN4 + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → C27H24BClN4

Conditions	Yield
In n-heptane; dichloromethane at 21℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;	100%

lithium aluminium tetrahydride (16853-85-3) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → diborane (19287-45-7)

Conditions	Yield
In diethyl ether byproducts: LiCl, AlCl3; distn. of BCl3 to water free etheric soln. of LiAlH4, cooled with liq. N2; heating up to room temp.; fractionated condensation;	99.4%
In diethyl ether byproducts: LiCl, AlCl3; distn. of BCl3 to water free etheric soln. of LiAlH4, cooled with liq. N2; heating up to room temp.; fractionated condensation;	99.4%

bis(trifluoromethyl)mercury (371-76-6) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → boron trifluoride (7637-07-2)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) (N2); BCl3 was condensed above Hg compd. in an evacuated tube, mixt. was warmed up to room temp. with stirring, after 35 min was cooled to 0°C and all volatiles removed in vac.; fractionation at -160°C yielded BF3; identified by (19)F- and (11)B-NMR and mass spect.;	99%

triethyl borane (97-94-9) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → diethylchloroborane (5314-83-0)

Conditions	Yield
With ethene; tetraethyldiborane(6) react. of two equiv of B(C2H5)3 with one equiv of BCl3 at room temp., decompn. of catalyst with ethylene; distn.;	99%
With ethylene; tetraethyldiborane(6) react. of two equiv of B(C2H5)3 with one equiv of BCl3 at room temp., decompn. of catalyst with ethylene; distn.;	99%
tetraethyldiborane(6)

tetraethyldiborane(6) (12081-54-8) + tripropylborane (1116-61-6) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → dipropylchloroborane (22086-53-9)

Conditions	Yield
With decene-1 introduction of BCl3 in mixt. of B(n-C3H7) and (C2H5)2B2H2 for 15 min, addn. of decene-1; distn.;	99%

(benzyl alcohol)tricarbonylchromium(0) (12116-45-9) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → (η6-benzyl chloride)tricarbonylchromium(0) (12170-17-1)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane stirring at -78°C for 1 h, quenching (satd. aq. NaHCO3), warming to room temp.; addn. of H2O, extn. (Et2O), drying (MgSO4), filtration, concn.;	99%

C5H4Si(CH3)3Sn(CH3)3 + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → ClB(C5H4Si(CH3)3)2

Conditions	Yield
In toluene under N2 atm. to soln. BCl3 in toluene was added C5H4(SiMe3)(SnMe3), react. mixt. was heated to reflux for 5 h; volatiles were removed at 0.1 mm Hg, 50°C;	99%

(C6F5)2(CH3)2C3HN2Si(CH3)3 + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → (C6F5)2(CH3)2C3HN2BCl2

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; toluene (under Ar, Schlenk); soln. of BCl3 in hexane added to soln. of ligand intoluene at ambient temp., stirred overnight; solvent removed under reduced pressure;	99%

tetrakis(2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)pyracene + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → [(C14H4(NC6H3(C3H7)2)4)(BCl2)2](2+)*2BCl4(1-)=[(C14H4(NC6H3(C3H7)2)4)(BCl2)2][BCl4]2

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; dichloromethane BCl3 (4 equiv.) and ligand at 25°C for 12 h;	99%

5,5-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo[b,f]stannepine (1189139-25-0) + (2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)tin(Bu)3 (1237745-13-9) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → 5-(2,4,6-tri-iso-propylphenyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,f]borepin (1237745-15-1)

Conditions	Yield
In toluene Schlenk air-free technique; react. of Sn(CH3)2(C2H2(C6H4)2), tripyl-Sn(Bu)3 and BCl3 at -78°C;	99%

boron trichloride (10294-34-5) + borondipyrromethene → 4,4-dichloro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (1417726-65-8)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 22℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;	99%

2,6-diethyl-4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8H-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → 4,4-dichloro-2,6-diethyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8H-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (1355045-95-2)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 22℃; for 1h;	99%
In hexane; dichloromethane for 1h; Inert atmosphere;

1',2',3',4',5'-pentamethylazaferrocene (183619-19-4) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → C14H19BCl3FeN (1610052-27-1)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;	99%

1,3-bis-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,6-diketo-5,5-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylidene (1237706-56-7) + boron trichloride (10294-34-5) → C24H28BCl3N2O2

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; benzene at 20℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox;	99%

Upstream product

• 535-15-9 ethyl 1,1-dichloroacetate 
• 16339-30-3 butoxy-dichloro-borane 
• 34456-12-7 dichloro(neopentyloxy)borane 
• 16339-31-4 (2-chloroethoxy)dichloroborane 
• 93314-06-8 bis(n-octyloxy)chloroborane 
• 98561-14-9 (n-octyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 7446-70-0 aluminium trichloride 
• 7705-08-0 iron(III) chloride 
• 99420-49-2 (5-chloropentyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 89124-58-3 (i-butyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 99515-78-3 (4-chlorobutyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 75088-70-9 (phenyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 75088-69-6 bis(phenyloxy)chloroborane 
• 7647-01-0 hydrogenchloride 

Downstream Products

• 69-65-8 mannitol 
• 78-89-7 2-chloro-1-propanol 
• 127-00-4 1-Chloro-2-propanol 
• 6986-48-7 bis-1-chloroethyl ether 
• 74-87-3 methylene chloride 
• 75088-70-9 (phenyloxy)dichloroborane 
• 4250-45-7 dichloro-p-tolyl-borane 
• 4250-47-9 (3-CH₃-C₆H₄)BCl₂ 
• 21022-98-0 (2,5-dimethylphenyl)dichloroborane 
• 856798-53-3 3,5-(C₆H₃)2BCl₂ 
• 1095-03-0 triphenylborane 
• 75-36-5 acetyl chloride 
• 701-35-9 p-tolyltrichlorosilane 
• 13688-75-0 m-tolyltrichlorosilane 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Reactions of pentaborane(9) and pentaborane derivatives

The preparations of a number of pentaborane derivatives are described and 11B and 1H nmr spectra recorded and correlated. Assessments of alternative preparative schemes are given. An extension of the apex to base rearrangement reaction to polyalkyl pentaboranes reveals the following trends: the rate of rearrangement decreases with increasing number of alkyl substituents on the pentaborane framework; the rate increases with the use of stronger and less sterically hindered bases. Mechanistic inferences are discussed.

A Novel Graphite-Like Material of Composition BC3, and Nitrogen-Carbon Graphites

Interaction of benzene with boron trichloride at 800 deg C yields a graphite-like metallic solid of composition BC3, and chlorine-pyridine mixtures at 800 deg C give a nitrogen-carbon also having a graphite-like structure.

TiB2 COATINGS ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE PLATES BY CVD AND THEIR PROPERTIES.

A phosphor bronze plate was coated with a thin layer of TiB//2 from a gas mixture of TiCl//4, BCl//3, H//2 and argon at temperatures of 580-850 degree C. The oxidation and corrosion stabilities were examined. Uniform and adherent TiB//2 layers were obtained on the phosphor bronze plate in the temperature range of 600-700 degree C. The deposition rates were 1. 1 mu m H** minus **1 and 2. 2 mu m h** minus **1 at temperatures of 700 degree C and 750 degree C respectively. Tib//2-coated phosphor bronze plates were stable to oxidation at temperatures below 600 degree C and were slightly affected by 3. 2 N HNO//3 at room temperature and concentrated HCl at 60 degree C.

[(acridine)BCl2]+: A borenium cation that is a strong boron- and carbon-based lewis acid

[(acridine)BCl2][AlCl4] was synthesized by halide abstraction from (acridine)BCl3 with AlCl3. The hydride ion affinity of the C9 position in [(acridine)BCl2]+ was calculated to be 14 kcal mol-1 greater than that at boron. [(acridine)BCl2][AlCl4] reacts with 1 equiv of acridine to form the strained boronium cation [(acridine)2BCl 2][AlCl4] and with P(mesityl)3 by photoinduced one-electron transfer to form the 9,9′-biacridane moiety by radical coupling. A stable frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) was formed on combining [(acridine)BCl2][AlCl4] and 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyridine (TBP), which heterolytically activated H2 at 100 C. The ultimate location of the hydride from H2 activation was the C9 position of acridine and not boron. Carbon Lewis acid based reactivity also occurred when thieno[3,2-b]thiophene was added to the [(acridine)BCl2][AlCl 4]/TBP FLP or to [(acridine)2BCl2][AlCl 4], with arylation of acridine at C9 observed for both.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF BHCL2 FROM THE EQUILIBRATION OF BCL3-H2 MIXTURES

In the temperature range 700 to 850 C, BCl//3-H//2 mixtures give BHCl//2 and HCl as the only gaseous products. Analysis of equilibrium gas mixtures gave equilibrium constants from which the standard formation enthalpy and standard entropy of BHCl//2 were

Thermodynamic properties of dichloroborane

The disproportionation reaction for HBCl2, 6HBCl2 ? 4BCl3 + B2H6, was followed spectrophotometrically in the infrared region and an equilibrium constant (Kp (298° K.) = 532 ± 15 atm.-1

A self-contained regeneration scheme for spent ammonia borane based on the catalytic hydrodechlorination of BCl3

Recycling: A self-contained procedure for the recycling of BNH-waste, based on the three major steps: polymer break-up, amine supported catalytic hydrodehalogenation of boron halogens, and the base exchange in borane amine adducts, is developed (see picture). Beyond the original task of recycling spent ammonia borane, the process provides a new means to produce borohydride species efficiently, by the direct use of molecular hydrogen. Copyright

Chelate restrained boron cations for intermolecular electrophilic arene borylation

Highly electrophilic boron species that borylate arenes are generated by halide abstraction from CatBX (Cat = catecholato, C6H 4O22-, X = Cl or Br) by [Et3Si] [CbBr6] (CbBr6 = [closo-1-H-CB11H 5Br6]-). A transient [CatB][CbBr6] related species reacts as a synthetic equivalent of [CatB]+ in intermolecular electrophilic borylation, with reactions proceeding rapidly at 25 °C. The [CatB]+ moiety was shown to be strongly Lewis acidic on the basis of 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy of the crotonaldehyde and triethylphosphine oxide adducts, respectively. Catalytic quantities of [Et3Si][CbBr6] and CatBX were effective for the high-yielding borylation of arenes by CatBH in a highly atom efficient cycle with H2 the only byproduct. Successful catalysis was dependent on the robust [CbBr6]- anion and the use of electrophile-resistant borane sources

Silicon-boron-carbon-nitrogen ceramics and precursor compounds, methods for the production and use thereof

The present invention relates to novel processes for preparing borylsilylamines, novel amines, novel borosilazane compounds, novel oligoborosilazane or polyborosilazane compounds which have the structural feature Si—N—B, ceramic material and methods of producing and using them.

Studies on BCl and on the exchange reaction of BCl3 with polyboron flourides

Gaseous BCl has been prepared at low pressure by reaction of BCl3 with boron at 2000 °C or by decomposition of B2Cl4 using either an electric discharge or using flash thermolysis at 1150 °C, and then condensed at - 196 °C. Reasons are discussed why each method gives BCl capable of generating (Cl2B)3BCO when the condensate at - 196 °C is treated with CO, but B4Cl4 is only formed from BCl prepared from B2Cl4. The stepwise conversion of (F2B)3BCO to (Cl2B)3BCO by treatment with BCl3 has been followed by 11B NMR spectroscopy. Evidence from mass spectrometry and 11B NMR spectroscopy suggests that reaction of polyboron fluorides, particularly B8F12 and B10F12, with BCl3 yields a new form of B9Cl9 of, as yet, unknown structure which converts slowly to closo-B9Cl9 or closo-B8Cl8 depending on the solvent.