4753-59-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Aliphatic hyperbranched polyester: A new building block in the construction of multifunctional nanoparticles and nanocomposites
Santra, Santimukul,Kaittanis, Charalambos,Perez, J. Manuel
, p. 5364 - 5373 (2010)
Herein we report the design and synthesis of multifunctional hyperbranched polyester-based nanoparticles and nanocomposites with properties ranging from magnetic, fluorescence, antioxidant and X-ray contrast. The fabrication of these nanostructures was achieved using a novel aliphatic and biodegradable hyperbranched polyester (HBPE) synthesized from readily available diethyl malonate. The polymer's globular structure with functional surface carboxylic groups and hydrophobic cavities residing in the polymer's interior allows for the formation of multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles, which are able to encapsulate a diversity of hydrophobic cargos. Via simple surface chemistry modifications, the surface carboxylic acid groups were modified to yield nanoparticles with a variety of surface functionalizations, such as amino, azide and propargyl groups, which mediated the conjugation of small molecules. This capability achieved the engineering of the HBPE nanoparticle surface for specific cell internalization studies and the formation of nanoparticle assemblies for the creation of novel nanocomposites that retained, and in some cases enhanced, the properties of the parental nanoparticle building blocks. Considering these results, the HBPE polymer, nanoparticles and composites should be ideal for biomedical, pharmaceutical, nanophotonics applications.
Synthesis of hydroxy-α-sanshool
Zhou, Jianjun,Xiao, Yan,Chen, Taiping,Gao, Jiyu,Huang, Wencai,Li, Zicheng
, p. 310 - 314 (2021)
Hydroxy-α-sanshool was synthesized in a 13% overall yield through eight steps, which included two Wittig reactions that were used to form the carbon skeleton with ethyl 2-oxoacetate and 2E,4E-hexadienal being reacted with the appropriate ylides. Impurities in the processes could easily be separated. Ethyl 6-hydroxy-2Z-hexenoate was converted to its E-isomer with catalysis by I2 and 2E,6Z,8E,10E-dodecatetraenoic acid was crystallized from a solution in 1% ethyl acetate in n-hexane.
Second-coordination sphere effects on the reactivities of Hoveyda-Grubbs-type catalysts: A ligand exchange study using phenolic moiety-functionalized ligands
Akiyama, Naoki,Goshima, Kenta,Hirota, Shun,Jatmika, Catur,Matsuo, Takashi,Wakabayashi, Kazumo
supporting information, p. 11618 - 11627 (2020/09/09)
The Hoveyda-Grubbs (HG) second-generation catalyst (HG-II), a Ru complex with a 2-isopropoxybenzylidene ligand, is extensively used for olefin metathesis, the rearrangement of carbon-carbon double bonds. A well-known strategy to control its complex reactivity is to modify the phenyl ring in the ligand, thereby directly influencing the coordination of the phenolic oxygen to the metal center. We, herein, report that a functional group attached to the phenolic moiety in the 2-alkoxybenzylidene ligand can indirectly affect the reactivities of HG-type complexes. In this work, the ligand exchange reactions between HG-II and phenolic moiety-modified 2-alkoxybenzylidene ligands are useful for evaluating the structural effects of the ligands. Specifically, an ethylene amide or an ester group at the terminal phenolic moiety in the benzylidene ligand was found to influence the relative stabilities of HG-type complexes compared to that of the HG-II complex. The structural analyses proved that the observed effects of the functional groups on the complex stabilities originate from the interactions with a chlorido ligand in HG-type complexes without changes in coordination fashions at the metal centers. It was found that the outer-sphere interactions also influence the catalytic activities of HG-type complexes, namely, the properties of HG-type complexes can be controlled by outer-sphere structural factors toward the metal center (i.e., "the second-coordination sphere effect"). In the design of functionalized HG-type complexes, the outer-sphere structural effects need to be considered in addition to the optimization of the metal coordination site.
Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Tandem Metallacycle Formation/Cross-Electrophile Coupling
Shimkin, Kirk W.,Montgomery, John
supporting information, p. 7074 - 7078 (2018/06/04)
Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile couplings have recently emerged as highly effective and practical methods for the formation of C-C bonds. By merging this process with well-established π-π coupling chemistry, a new method for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkenes has been developed. The procedure relies on the use of chlorosilanes as a means of generating reactive vinylnickel intermediates, which are capable of undergoing a reductive cross-electrophile coupling with alkyl halides. The method not only generates highly substituted allylic alcohol derivatives but also obviates the need for stoichiometric organometallic nucleophiles and provides greatly improved scope and functional group tolerance compared with previously developed methods.
METHOD FOR PREPARING 4-ISOPROPYLAMINO-1-BUTANOL
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Paragraph 0039; 0040; 0041; 0042; 0043; 0044; 0045-0050, (2018/02/28)
The present invention relates to a preparation method of 4-isopropylamino-1-butanol, in which using cheap and readily available tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid solution of hydrogen bromide as starting materials to prepare a novel intermediate of 4-isopropylamino-1-acetoxyl butane and further obtain the target product. The present invention has advantages of convenient process operations, mild reaction conditions, economical and environment-friendly benefits, and suitability for industrial production to obtain the product with high purity and high yield.
Preparation method of 4-halobutyl acetate
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Paragraph 0073-0080; 0087-0088; 0091, (2018/09/20)
The invention discloses a preparation method of 4-halobutyl acetate, relates to the preparation method of acetate and aims to solve the technical problems that in an existing method for preparing the4-halobutyl acetate, the reaction time is long, the reaction temperature is high, the cost is high, a toxic reagent is used, the operation is complicated, and the yield is low. The preparation methodcomprises the following steps: mixing and stirring urea, tetrahydrofuran and acetyl halide, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding distilled water, regulating pH (Potential of Hydrogen) to be neutral, carrying out suction filtration, extracting, drying, filtering, and distilling. The 4-halobutyl acetate prepared by the invention structurally contains an ester group and chain end halogen andis a multi-purpose polyfunctional compound. The 4-halobutyl acetate prepared by the invention is prepared from corresponding acyl halide and cyclic ether under catalysis of the urea, and the preparation method is bran-new. A solid byproduct of the preparation method is acyl urea. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, safety and high efficiency, environment friendliness and the like.
SYNTHESIS OF HYPERBRANCHED AMPHIPHILIC POLYESTER AND THERANOSTIC NANOPARTICLES THEREOF
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Paragraph 0062; 0063, (2016/09/26)
A method of making a hyperbranched amphiphilic polyester compound includes drying under vacuum a mixture of 2-(4-hydroxybutyl)-malonic acid and p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst. The vacuum is then released with a dry inert gas after drying. The dried mixture is heated under the inert gas at a temperature sufficient for polymerization. The inert gas is evacuated while continuing to heat the mixture. The formed polymer is then dissolved in dimethylformamide and precipitated out by adding methanol. Modifications of the method yield nanoparticles of polyesters having properties suited for coencapsulating fluorescent dyes together with therapeutic drugs, resulting in theranostic nanoparticles, that is, nanoparticles useful in both therapeutic treatments and diagnostic methods.
PROTEIN AFFINITY TAG AND USES THEREOF
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Paragraph 0153, (2014/02/16)
This invention concerns isotopically coded or non-isotopically coded affinity-tags for analysis of certain target molecules in complex samples, in particular for mass spectrometric analysis of proteomic samples. The affinity-tags have the following general formula X-SPACER-OPO3H2, wherein X is a functional group or moiety capable of reacting with a functional group of a protein, peptide, DNA, lipid, sugar and/or steroid. These phosphate affinity tags (‘PTAG’) are capable of high but reversible binding to metal-oxides like TiO2. Due to this property, tagged sample fractions can be isolated from non-tagged sample fraction by affinity chromatography. The binding of organophosphate to metal-oxides remains intact during multiple washings of preferably acidic solutions to remove non-specifically bound components. PTAG's are also envisaged wherein X is selected such that it is capable of binding proteins, peptides, nucleic acid molecules, lipids, carbohydrates, steroids and the like.
Novel ibuprofen prodrugs with improved pharmacokinetics and non-ulcerogenic potential
Dhakane, Valmik D.,Chavan, Hemant V.,Thakare, Vishnu N.,Adsul, Laxman K.,Shringare, Sadanand N.,Bandgar, Babasaheb P.
, p. 503 - 517 (2014/03/21)
In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity with pharmacokinetic, ulcerogenic properties of various synthesized prodrugs of ibuprofen in experimental animals. Prodrugs 2, 6, 9, 10, 12, and 14 were found to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity with almost non-ulcerogenic potential than standard drug ibuprofen 1a in both normal and inflammation-induced rats. Metabolic stability of prodrugs 2, 6, 9, 10, 12, and 14 were also studied in rat liver microsomes and oral bioavailability was determined by estimating area under curve (AUC) and plasma concentration of these prodrugs at various time intervals. The experimental findings elicited higher AUC and plasma concentration at 1 and 2 h indicating improved oral bioavailability as compared to parent ibuprofen. These prodrugs are found to have least gastric ulceration with retain anti-inflammatory activity observed in experimental animals. Therefore, present experimental findings demonstrated significant improvement of various pharmacokinetic properties with least ulcerogenic potential of ester prodrugs of ibuprofen an anti-inflammatory agent
Synthesis of hyperbranched amphiphilic polyester and theranostic nanoparticles thereof
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Page/Page column, (2013/03/26)
A method of making a hyperbranched amphiphilic polyester compound includes drying under vacuum a mixture of 2-(4-hydroxybutyl)-malonic acid and p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst. The vacuum is then released with a dry inert gas after drying. The dried mixture is heated under the inert gas at a temperature sufficient for polymerization. The inert gas is evacuated while continuing to heat the mixture. The formed polymer is then dissolved in dimethylformamide and precipitated out by adding methanol. Modifications of the method yield nanoparticles of polyesters having properties suited for coencapsulating fluorescent dyes together with therapeutic drugs, resulting in theranostic nanoparticles, that is, nanoparticles useful in both therapeutic treatments and diagnostic methods.
