7790-94-5 Usage
Chemical Description
Chlorosulfonic acid is used in the synthesis of derivatives 6 and 7.
Description
Chlorosulfonic acid, also known as chlorosulphonic acid, is a strong, fuming, and highly corrosive acid. It is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid that is soluble in water and has a pungent, irritating odor. Chlorosulfonic acid is a powerful chlorinating and sulfonating agent, capable of reacting with a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds.
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Chlorosulfonic acid is used as a reagent and intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. It is used in the preparation of benzothiazepinylphosphonate bile acid transporter inhibitors, which have potential applications in the treatment of cholesterol-related disorders.
Used in Food Industry:
Chlorosulfonic acid is used in the production of saccharin, a synthetic sweetener that is several hundred times sweeter than sugar. It is used as a sugar substitute in various food products, particularly for individuals with diabetes or those looking to reduce their sugar intake.
Used in Chemical Industry:
Chlorosulfonic acid is used as a chlorosulfonating and condensing agent in organic syntheses. It is used in the manufacture of sulfone compounds, which have applications in various industries, including plastics, textiles, and pharmaceuticals.
Used in Detergent Industry:
Chlorosulfonic acid is used as a detergent booster, enhancing the cleaning power of detergents by improving their wetting and foaming properties. It is also used as an anti-contrail agent, reducing the formation of contrails in detergent formulations.
Used in Military Applications:
Chlorosulfonic acid is used in the production of smoke screens, which are used for concealment and visual deception in military operations. It is also used as an intermediate in the production of other substances with potential military applications.
Reactivity Profile
Chlorosulfonic acid is a strong oxidizing acid. Reacts violently with water, strong mineral acids and bases, alcohols, finely dispersed organic matter. Dangerously incompatible with combustible materials, nitrates, chlorates, metallic powders, carbides, picrates, and fulminates. Undergoes possibly violent reactions with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, alkali, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, butyraldehyde, cresol, cumene, diethyleneglycol methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, diphenyl ether, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylenediamine, ethylene glycol, glyoxal, hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane), hydrogen peroxide, isoprene, powdered metals, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene oxide, vinyl acetate. When heated to decomposition, Chlorosulfonic acid emits toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and oxides of sulfur [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 831]. Reaction with phosphorus accelerates out of control and culminates in an explosion [Heumann, K. et al., Ber., 1882, 15, p. 417]. Mixing chlorosulfuric acid and 98% sulfuric acid may evolve HCl [Subref: Anon, Loss Prev. Bull. 1977, (013), 2-3].
Hazard
Toxic by inhalation; strong irritant to eyes
and skin; causes severe burns. Can ignite combustible materials. Evolves hydrogen on contact
with most metals.
Health Hazard
INHALATION: vapor extremely irritating to lungs and mucous membranes. Vapor has such a sharp and pentrating odor that inhalation of severely toxic quantities is unlikely unless it is impossible to escape the fumes. CONTACT WITH EYES OR SKIN: liquid acid will severely burn body tissue.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
A poison irritant. See
also SULFURIC ACID. Chlorosulfonic acid
is corrosive, can cause severe acid burns and
is very irritating to the eyes, lungs, and
mucous membranes. It can cause acute toxic
effects either in the liquid or vapor state.
Inhalation of concentrated vapor may cause
loss of consciousness with serious damage
to lung tissue. Contact of liquid with the
eyes can cause severe burns if the liquid is
not immediately and completely removed. It
also causes severe sh burns due to its
highly corrosive action. Upon ingestion it
Potential Exposure
Used to make pesticides, detergents, pharmaceuticals, dyes, resins, sulfonated oils; intermediate for dyes and pharmaceuticals; and pesticides. Although no military designation has been assigned chlorosulfonic acid may have been used as a choking/pulmonary agent
Shipping
UN1754 Chlorosulfonic acid (with or without sulfur trioxide), Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, Inhalation Hazard Zone B.
Purification Methods
Distil the acid in an all-glass apparatus, taking the fraction boiling at 156-158o. It reacts EXPLOSIVELY with water [Cremlyn Chlorosulfonic acid: A Versatile Reagent, Royal Society of Chemistry UK, 2002, p 308, ISBN 0854044981, Fehér in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 385 1963].
Incompatibilities
Explosively reacts with water, forming sulfuric and hydrochloric acid and dense fumes. Dangerously reactive, avoid contact with all other material. Violent reaction with many compounds, including reducing agents; alcohols, chemically active metals; combustible materials, strong acids, alkaline earth sulfides, aluminum carbides, aluminum, amines, calcium sulfide, carbides, chlorine trifluoride, glycerin, hydrides, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, magnesium, metal powders, metal sulfides, molybdenum, phenylhydrazine, phosphorous red/friction, phosphorous trichloride, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, sulfur/ friction, sulfuric acid, tungsten, hydrogen trisulfide, diphenyl ether, finely divided metals, silver nitrate. Contact with phosphorous may cause fire and explosions. Forms explosive material with ethyl alcohol. Attacks many metals; reaction with steel drums forms explosive hydrogen gas, which must be periodically relieved.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7790-94-5 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,9 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7790-94:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*9)+(3*0)+(2*9)+(1*4)=135
135 % 10 = 5
So 7790-94-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/ClHO3S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H,2,3,4)
7790-94-5Relevant articles and documents
Williamson, R.
, p. 97 - 102 (1858)
Metalloprotease inhibitors
-
Page column 9, (2008/06/13)
A compound selected from those of the formula (I): wherein: R1represents hydrogen or halogen, or alkyl or alkoxy, R2represents hydroxy, alkoxy or —NHOH, Ar1represents phenylene or biphenylene, X represents oxygen or sulphur, NR, —C≡C— or a bond, R represents hydrogen or alkyl, n is an integer from 0 to 6 inclusive, Ar2represents any one of the groups as defined in the description, its isomers and addition salts thereof with a pharmaceutically-acceptable acid or base, and medicinal products containing the same which are useful as metalloprotease inhibitors.
