Organic Letters
Letter
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carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) is also tested in identical device
configuration; consequently, an obviously lower EQE of 13.1%
was achieved (Figure S9 in the Supporting Information),
indicating that the DSP core is a good platform to construct
novel hosts.
In conclusion, two novel dispiro compounds based on DSP
core were designed and synthesized with a facile synthetic
strategy, which extended in the longitudinal direction with great
diversity. By incorporating electron-withdrawing groups on one
end and electron-donating groups on the other end, we prepared
two dispiro molecules (DiSAAF and DiSFAQ), and their
photophysical properties were carefully investigated. It was
found that the long-range ICT could be blocked in such long D/
A spatial distances, which was quite different from other D/A
spiro compounds. Both materials showed excellent thermal
stability and suitable triplet energy when they were used as hosts
in red phosphorescent devices. As a result, the maximum EQE,
CE, and PE were 21.7%, 40 cd/A, and 38.5 lm/W, respectively,
for DiSAAF-based devices, indicating that the new dispiro
framework is a promising unit and an effective way to develop
efficient host materials.
́
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K.-Y. Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1800809.
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Z.-Q.; Fung, M.-K.; Liao, L.-S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1706228.
(19) Zhu, X.-D.; Ma, X.-J.; Wang, Y.-K.; Li, Y.; Gao, C.-H.; Wang, Z.-
K.; Jiang, Z.-Q.; Liao, L.-S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 29, 1807094.
(20) Zhang, G.; Yang, G.; Yan, H.; Kim, J.-H.; Ade, H.; Wu, W.; Xu, X.;
Duan, Y.; Peng, Q. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1606054.
ASSOCIATED CONTENT
* Supporting Information
■
S
(21) Jeon, N. J.; Lee, H. G.; Kim, Y. C.; Seo, J.; Noh, J. H.; Lee, J.; Seok,
S. I. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7837.
(22) Zhang, Y.-X.; Zhang, L.; Cui, L.-S.; Gao, C.-H.; Chen, H.; Li, Q.;
Jiang, Z.-Q.; Liao, L.-S. Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 3748.
(23) Romain, M.; Tondelier, D.; Geffroy, B.; Jeannin, O.; Jacques, E.;
Rault-Berthelot, J.; Poriel, C. Chem. - Eur. J. 2015, 21, 9426.
The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the
Experimental details, molar absorptivities, absorption
spectra, fluorescence spectra, transient photolumines-
cence spectra, thermal properties, electrochemical proper-
ties, charge carrier transport ability, device structure,
́
̀
(24) Thirion, D.; Poriel, C.; Metivier, R.; Rault-Berthelot, J.; Barriere,
F.; Jeannin, O. Chem. - Eur. J. 2011, 17, 10272.
̀
(25) Thirion, D.; Poriel, C.; Rault-Berthelot, J.; Barriere, F.; Jeannin,
O. Chem.Eur. J. 2010, 16, 13646.
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Corresponding Authors
■
(26) Gao, K.; Xu, B.; Hong, C.; Shi, X.; Liu, H.; Li, X.; Xie, L.; Jen, A.
K.-Y. Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1800809.
(27) Liu, X.-Y.; Liang, F.; Ding, L.; Dong, S.-C.; Li, Q.; Cui, L.-S.;
Jiang, Z.-Q.; Chen, H.; Liao, L.-S. J. Mater. Chem. C 2015, 3, 9053.
(28) Kuei, C.-Y.; Tsai, W.-L.; Tong, B.; Jiao, M.; Lee, W.-K.; Chi, Y.;
Wu, C.-C.; Liu, S.-H.; Lee, G.-H.; Chou, P.-T. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28,
2795.
(29) Zhang, D.; Wei, P.; Zhang, D.; Duan, L. ACS Appl. Mater.
Interfaces 2017, 9, 19040.
(30) Tao, Y.; Yang, C.; Qin, J. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 2943.
(31) Ban, X.; Jiang, W.; Sun, K.; Xie, X.; Peng, L.; Dong, H.; Sun, Y.;
Huang, B.; Duan, L.; Qiu, Y. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 7303.
(32) Yang, X.; Zhou, G.; Wong, W.-Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 8484.
(33) Wang, Y.-K.; Wu, S.-F.; Li, S.-H.; Yuan, Y.; Wu, F.-P.; Kumar, S.;
Jiang, Z.-Q.; Fung, M.-K.; Liao, L.-S. Adv. Opt. Mater. 2017, 5, 1700566.
ORCID
Author Contributions
‡These authors contributed equally.
Notes
The authors declare no competing financial interest.
̈
(34) Steuber, F.; Staudigel, J.; Stossel, M.; Simmerer, J.; Winnacker,
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
■
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A.; Spreitzer, H.; Weissortel, F.; Salbeck, J. Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, 130.
The authors acknowledge financial support from the Natural
Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21572152 and 51873139).
This project was also funded by the Collaborative Innovation
Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology and by the
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher
Education Institutions (PAPD) and the 111 Project.
(35) Zhang, D.; Cai, M.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, D.; Duan, L. Mater. Horiz.
2016, 3, 145.
(36) Zhang, D.; Duan, L.; Li, Y.; Li, H.; Bin, Z.; Zhang, D.; Qiao, J.;
Dong, G.; Wang, L.; Qiu, Y. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 3551.
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