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| CAS No.: | 7778-54-3 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Calcium hypochlorite |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | Ca(ClO)2 |
| Molecular Weight: | 142.983 |
| Synonyms: | Hypochlorousacid, calcium salt (8CI,9CI);B-K Powder;Bleaching powder;Ca(ClO)2;Calcium oxychloride;Caporit;Chemichlon G;Chloride of lime;Chlorinated lime;Chloro lime chemical;Eusol BPC;HTH (bleaching agent);HTHVAN;Lime chloride;Losantin;Nisso Hi-Chlon;Nisso Hi-chlon LC;Perfect PA;Solvox KS;T-Eusol;Granular Calcium Hypochlorite; |
| EINECS: | 231-908-7 |
| Density: | 2.35 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point: | 100 °C |
| Solubility: | 200 g/L (20 °C) (dec.) in water |
| Appearance: | white powder with a chlorine-like odour |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 O,  C,  N
|
| Risk Codes: | 8-22-31-34-50 |
| Safety: | 26-36/37/39-45-61 |
| Transport Information: | UN 1748 5.1/PG 2 |
| PSA: | 18.46000 |
| LogP: | 1.24220 |
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calcium hypochlorite
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In water Electrolysis; | |
| In not given Electrolysis; | |
| In water Electrolysis; | |
| In water Electrolysis; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In not given Electrolysis; electrolysis of neutral solutions of CaCl2 forms Ca(OH)2 on the cathode and chlorine on the anode which reacts with some Ca(OH)2 to Ca(ClO)2;; | |
| In not given Electrolysis; electrolysis of neutral solutions of CaCl2 forms Ca(OH)2 on the cathode and chlorine on the anode which reacts with some Ca(OH)2 to Ca(ClO)2;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With Cl2 In neat (no solvent) effect of Cl2 on Ca(OH)2;; product mixture obtained (chloride of lime);; | |
| With Cl2 |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In water byproducts: Ca(OH)2; treatment of CaO with H2O; passing in Cl2 (temp. must not exceed 40°C, cooling); cooling to 25°C when approx. 70% of theoretical amount Cl2 has been taken up; filtration through asbestos-paper, pressing; drying over NaOH in vac.;; dissolution in H2O up to saturation; filtration from insoluble residue; evapn. of the filtrate under diminished pressure until crystallisation of product; crystallisation; product contains approx. 0.5% Ca(OH)2;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With Ca(ClO)2*3H2O In water passing of Cl2 in a mixture of Ca(OH)2 and H2O at 15°C; the CaCl2-conc. is kept constant at 30% by addition of Ca(OH)2; seeding with crystalls of Ca(ClO)2*3H2O; drying at 65°C;; product contains 75.2% Ca(ClO)2;; | |
| With Ca(ClO)2*3H2O In water passing of Cl2 in a mixture of Ca(OH)2 and H2O at 15°C; the CaCl2-conc. is kept constant at 30% by addition of Ca(OH)2; seeding with crystalls of Ca(ClO)2*3H2O; drying at 65°C;; product contains 75.2% Ca(ClO)2;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In tetrachloromethane reaction of Cl2O dissolved in CCl4 with dry or suspended Ca(OH)2 at 20 - 50 °C;; | |
| In tetrachloromethane reaction of Cl2O dissolved in CCl4 with dry or suspended Ca(OH)2 at 20 - 50 °C;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With calcium hydroxide In neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O; | |
| With Ca(OH)2 In neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| CaCl2 with various content of water of crystn. is used;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O; | |
| reaction of dild. (no medium given) gasous Cl2O with dry or suspended Ca(OH)2 at 150°C;; | |
| reaction of dild. (no medium given) gasous Cl2O with dry or suspended Ca(OH)2 at 150°C;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With sodium fluoride In water slaking with salt soln. and chlorinating the mixt.;; | |
| With sodium silicate In water slaking with salt soln. and chlorinating the mixt.;; | |
| With sodium chloride In water slaking with salt soln. and chlorinating the mixt.;; |
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Specification
Calcium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with formula Ca(ClO)2. With the cas number 7778-54-3, Calcium hypochlorite is a yellow white solid which has a strong smell of chlorine. It is not highly soluble in water, and is more preferably used in soft to medium-hard water. It has two forms: a dry form and a hydrated form. The hydrated form is safer to handle.It is widely used for water treatment and as a bleaching agent (bleaching powder). This chemical is considered to be relatively stable and has greater available chlorine than sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach).
Physical properties about Calcium hypochlorite are: (1)ACD/LogP: 0.712; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.71; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 0.48; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 2.03; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.19; (6)#H bond acceptors: 1 ; (7)#H bond donors: 1 ;
Preparation of Calcium hypochlorite: Calcium hypochlorite is manufactured by chlorination of calcium hydroxide [CaOH)2] followed by the separation of the calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] through salting out from solution with sodium chloride.
2Ca(OH)2 + 2Cl2 → Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2 + H2O
Calcium hypochlorite is also manufactured by the formation under refrigeration of the complex salt Ca(OCl)2 NaOCl.NaCl.12H2O, which is prepared by the chlorination of a mixture of sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide. The salt is reacted with a chlorinated lime slurry, filtered to remove salt, and dried, resulting finally in a stable product containing 65 to 70% calcium hypochlorite.
Uses of Calcium hypochlorite:
1. Calcium hypochlorite is used for the disinfection of drinking water or swimming pool water. It is used as a sanitizer in outdoor swimming pools in combination with a cyanuric acid stabilizer, which reduces the loss of chlorine due to ultraviolet radiation. The calcium content hardens the water and tends to clog up some filters; hence, some products containing calcium hypochlorite also contain anti-scaling agents.
2. Calcium hypochlorite is also an ingredient in bleaching powder, used for bleaching cotton and linen. It is also used in bathroom cleaners, household disinfectant sprays, moss and algae removers, and weedkillers.
3. In addition, calcium hypochlorite may be used to manufacture chloroform. Bleaching powder is used also in sugar industry for bleaching sugar cane juice before its crystallization.
When you are using Calcium hypochlorite, please be cautious about it as the following:
In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice;
Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection;
In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible);
Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data;
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES:[Ca+2].[O-]Cl.[O-]Cl;
(2)Std. InChI:InChI=1S/Ca.2ClO/c;2*1-2/q+2;2*-1;
(3)Std. InChIKey:ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| man | TDLo | oral | 143mg/kg (143mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Japanese Journal of Toxicology. Vol. 11, Pg. 137, 1998. |
| rabbit | LDLo | skin | 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0570606, |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 850mg/kg (850mg/kg) |