127-65-1Relevant articles and documents
Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of Indigocarmine Oxidation by Chloramine-T and Chlorine in Acidic Buffer Media
Venkatesha, B. M.,Ananda, S.,Mahadevappa, D. S.,Gowda, N. M. Made
, p. 663 - 674 (1995)
Oxidations of indigocarmine (IC) by chloramine-T (CAT) and aqueous chlorine (HOCl) in acidic buffer media, pH 2-6, have been kinetically studied at 30 deg C using spectrophotometry.The CAT reaction rate shows a first-order dependence on 0 and an inverse fractional order on .The effect of on the rate is strongly pH dependent with a variable order of 1-2 on 0 in the pH range 6-2.The chlorine reaction rate follows first-order in 0 and 0 each in the pH range 6-2.Addition of halide ions and variation of ionic strength of the medium have no influence on the reaction rate.There is a negative effect of dielectric constant of the solvent.The kinetics of the IC oxidation with CAT at pH 6 and of that with HOCl at pHs 2-6 are similar suggesting similarity in their rate determining steps.A two-pathway mechanism for the CAT reaction and a one-pathway mechanism for the HOCl reaction, consistent with the kinetic data, have been proposed.Activation parameters have been calculated using the Arrhenius and Erying plots.
Preparation of several active N-chloro compounds from trichloroisocyanuric acid
Shiri, Azam,Khoramabadi-Zad, Ahmad
experimental part, p. 2797 - 2801 (2010/01/21)
A very simple method for the preparation of several activeN-chloro compounds that have extensive applications in organic synthesis, industry, and medicine has been developed.Tetrachloroglycolurils, chloramine-T, N-chlorosaccharin, N-chlorosuccinimide, N-chlorophthalimide, N,N￠-dichlorophenobarbital,and N,N￠-dichlorobarbital were synthesized by chlorination with trichloroisocyanuric acid under mild reaction conditions at roomtemperature. This method is clean, fast, and efficient; the yields are also good to excellent. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
A Study of Substituent Effect on the Oxidative Strengths of N-Chloroarenesulphonamides: Kinetics of Oxidation of Leucine and Isoleucine in Aqueous Acid Medium
Shetty, Mahesha,Gowda, B. Thimme
, p. 63 - 72 (2007/10/03)
To study the variation of oxidative strengths of N-chloro- arenesulphonamides with substitution in the benzene ring, six mono- and five di-substituted N-chloro-arenesulphonamides are employed as oxidants for studying the kinetics of oxidation of two neutral amino acids, L-leucine and L-isoleucine in aqueous acid medium. The N-chloro-arenesulphonamides studied are of the constitution: ArSO2NaNCl·H2O (where Ar = C6H5, 4-CH3C6H4, 4-C2H5C6H4, 4-FC6H 4, 4-ClC6H4, 4-BrC6H4, 2,3-(CH3)2C6H3, 2,4-(CH 3)2C6H3, 2-CH3-4-Cl 2C6H3, 2,4-Cl2C6H 3, and 3,4-Cl2C6H3). The reactions show second order kinetics in [oxidant], fractional order in [amino acid] and inverse dependence on [H+]. Addition of the reduced product of the oxidants or variation in ionic strength of the medium has no significant effect on the rates of oxidations. A two-pathway mechanism is considered to explain the experimental results. Effective oxidizing species of the oxidants is Cl + in different forms. Therefore the oxidising strengths of N-chloro-arenesulphonamides depend on the ease with which Cl+ is released from them. The study reveals that the introduction of substituent in the benzene ring of the oxidant affects both the kinetic and thermodynamic data for the oxidations The electron releasing groups such as CH3 generally inhibit the rates, while electron-withdrawing groups such as Cl enhance this ability, as the electron withdrawing groups ease the release of Cl+ from the reagents and hence increase the oxidising strengths. The on Ea and log A and validity of the Hammett and isokinetic relationships for the oxidations are also analysed.
