27652-35-3Relevant articles and documents
Nucleophilic substitution in the 10,11-dihydrodibenz[b,f]iodepinium cation
Tolstaya,Sukhomlinova,Vanchikov,Bumagin
, p. 106 - 111 (1999)
10,11-Dihydrodibenz[b,f]iodepinium tetrafluoroborate gave only 1-(2-azidophenyl)-2-(2-iodophenylethane with the N3- in aqueous DMSO, while -with NO2- it gave 1-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-(2-iodophenyl)ethane (93%), 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (5%), and traces of phenanthrene. Both in pure and aqueous DMSO this cation with the Br- ion was converted into phenanthrene (80% and 68% respectively) and 1-(2-bromophenyl)-2-(2-iodophenyl)ethane (10 and 20%), while in water it gave 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (75%) and phenanthrene (5%). A new route for the synthesis of 1-(2-aminophenyl)-2-phenylethane starting from this tetrafluoroborate has been proposed. 1999 KluwerAcademic/Plenum.
Synthesis of Indoles by Reductive Cyclization of Nitro Compounds Using Formate Esters as CO Surrogates
Ahmed Fouad, Manar,Ferretti, Francesco,Formenti, Dario,Milani, Fabio,Ragaini, Fabio
supporting information, p. 4876 - 4894 (2021/09/20)
Alkyl and aryl formate esters were evaluated as CO sources in the Pd- and Pd/Ru-catalyzed reductive cyclization of 2-nitrostyrenes to give indoles. Whereas the use of alkyl formates requires the presence of a ruthenium catalyst such as Ru3(CO)12, the reaction with phenyl formate can be performed by using a Pd/phenanthroline complex alone. Phenyl formate was found to be the most effective CO source and the desired products were obtained in excellent yields, often higher than those previously reported using pressurized CO. The reaction tolerates many functional groups, including sensitive ones like a free aldehydic group or a pendant pyrrole. Detailed experiments and kinetic studies allow to conclude that the activation of phenyl formate is base-catalyzed and that the metal doesn't play a role in the decarbonylation step. The reactions can be performed in a single thick-walled glass tube with as little as 0.2 mol-% palladium catalyst and even on a 2 g scale. The same protocol can be extended to other nitro compounds, affording different heterocycles.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed E-Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation with Alcohols as Hydrogen Donors
Ekebergh, Andreas,Begon, Romain,Kann, Nina
, p. 2966 - 2975 (2020/03/04)
Selective direct ruthenium-catalyzed semihydrogenation of diaryl alkynes to the corresponding E-alkenes has been achieved using alcohols as the hydrogen source. The method employs a simple ruthenium catalyst, does not require external ligands, and affords the desired products in > 99% NMR yield in most cases (up to 93% isolated yield). Best results were obtained using benzyl alcohol as the hydrogen donor, although biorenewable alcohols such as furfuryl alcohol could also be applied. In addition, tandem semihydrogenation-alkylation reactions were demonstrated, with potential applications in the synthesis of resveratrol derivatives.
Palladium-catalysed ligand-free reductive Heck cycloisomerisation of 1,6-en-α-chloro-enamides
Hou, Yangyang,Ma, Jing,Yang, Hongyi,Anderson, Edward A.,Whiting, Andy,Wu, Na
supporting information, p. 3733 - 3736 (2019/04/01)
The first example of an intramolecular hydroarylation of 1,6-en-α-chloro-enamides was achieved by a palladium-catalysed ligand-free reductive Heck cycloisomerisation with no competing Heck-cyclised by-product.
