885
Reactions of Isocyanates with Methyl
N-(Cyanothioformyl)anthranilate
Sep-Oct 2003
L. M. Deck*, E. P. Papadopoulos and K. A. Smith
Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
Received April 29, 2003
The triethylamine-catalyzed reactions of methyl N-(cyanothioformyl)anthranilate (1) with isocyanates
result in cyclization involving the cyano group to form methyl 2-(4-imino-2-oxo-3-substituted-5-thioxoimi-
dazolidin-1-yl)benzoates (4). Ring closure at the ester carbonyl to form 3-aryl-3,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinazo-
line-2-carbonitriles (8) is observed when the S-methyl derivative of 1 is allowed to react with aromatic
amines.
J. Heterocyclic Chem., 40, 885 (2003).
Esters of anthranilic acid react with isocyanates to yield
Both cleavage of the imino group and oxidation of the
thiocarbonyl group of 4 were observed when hydrogen
peroxide in acetic acid was used, but the methyl 2-(2,4,5-
trioxo-3-substituted-imidazolidin-1-yl)benzoates (6, Table
2) formed as products were isolated only in moderate
yields possibly due to side reactions involving hydrolysis
of the ester group. However, the structure of compounds 6
is confirmed by their formation in excellent yield from the
corresponding ureas (7), (readily obtainable from methyl
anthranilate and the appropriate isocyanate) and oxalyl
chloride [7]. The reaction of suitably substituted
thioamides with primary amines under mild conditions is
known to proceed with elimination of hydrogen sulfide
and formation of amidines [8]. This reaction is often facil-
itated by initial conversion of the thioamides to their more
reactive S-methyl derivatives [9]. In the present case the
proximity of the thioamide and ester groups in 1 suggested
the possibility that such an amidine formation could be fol-
lowed by a cyclization resulting from nucleophilic attack
on the ester carbonyl group. Indeed this was the observa-
tion when compounds 1 were treated first with methyl
iodide, in the presence of triethylamine and then with a pri-
mary aromatic amine. The products were 3-aryl-3,4-dihy-
dro-4-oxoquinazoline-2-carbonitriles (8, Table 3), as indi-
3-substituted 2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinediones [1]. On the
other hand, the analogous reaction between 2- or
3-aminonitriles and isocyanates is known to lead to a wide
variety of heterocyclic compounds [2]. A variation of the
latter reaction involving 1-cyanothioformanilide results in
the formation of 1-substituted 5-imino-3-phenyl-4-thioxo-
2-imidazolidinones [3]. It was of interest to investigate the
behavior of methyl N-(cyanothioformyl)anthranilate (1)
toward isocyanates (2) since in this case the reaction may
in principle follow either (or both) of two pathways: after
initial nucleophilic attack by the thioamide nitrogen on the
isocyanate, further reaction and cyclization could involve
either the ester group to form an N-cyanothioformylquina-
zolinedione (3), or the cyano group to form a 4-imino-5-
thioxo-2-imidazolidinone (4). A literature method for
preparation of 1 involves the reaction of methyl anthrani-
late with 4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride to form
an N-aryliminodithiazole, which is then treated with triph-
enylphosphine to yield 1 [4]. For our purposes 1 was pre-
pared in analogy with cyanothioformanilide from methyl
2-isothiocyanatobenzoate [5] by treatment with potassium
cyanide followed by acidification [6]. The results of the
present investigation showed that when 1 is treated with an
isocyanate in the presence of triethylamine the reaction
proceeds following exclusively the second of the two path-
ways shown in Scheme 1 to form the corresponding
methyl 2-(4-imino-2-oxo-3-substituted-5-thioxoimidazo-
lidin-1-yl)benzoates (4) in excellent yields (Table 1).
Structure 4 is consistent with an N-H band at 3210-3275
-1
cated by the nitrile band at 2236-2260 cm in their
infrared spectra (Table 3) and the absence of the methoxy
protons signal from their proton nmr spectra (Table 6). As
expected, the cyano group in compounds 8, is readily dis-
placed by nucleophiles [10]. Thus treatment with sodium
hydroxide in methanol converts 8 to the corresponding
3-aryl-2-methoxy-4(3H)-quinazolinones (9, Table 3), as
indicated by the removal of the nitrile band from the
infrared spectra (Table 3) and the appearance of a three
proton singlet at 3.89-3.90 ppm for the methoxy protons in
the proton nmr spectra (Table 6).
-1
-1
cm and a relatively high wavenumber (1750-1790 cm )
band for the imidazolidinone carbonyl in the infrared
spectra of the products (Table 1), whereas for compounds
of structure 3 the carbonyl bands would be expected to
-1
appear at 1630-1730 cm [1c]. In addition, structure 4 is
supported by the presence of a 3-proton singlet at 3.7-3.8
ppm for the methyl protons of the ester group in the proton
nmr spectra of the products (Table 4). Treatment of 4 with
hydrochloric acid in ethanol cleaves the imino group with
formation of brightly colored methyl 2-(2,4-dioxo-3-sub-
stituted-5-thioxoimidazolidin-1-yl)benzoates (5, Table 2).
Table 4 contains proton nmr spectroscopic data of com-
pounds 4a-4h in dimethyl-d sulfoxide solutions. It is
6
interesting to note that for compounds 4b and 4d addi-
tional signals for some resonances are seen which are
attributed to rotational isomers. Since compound 4g would
also be expected to exhibit rotational isomerism, proton