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Glyoxylic acid

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Name

Glyoxylic acid

EINECS 206-058-5
CAS No. 298-12-4 Density 1.384 g/cm3
PSA 54.37000 LogP -0.73010
Solubility miscible with water Melting Point -93 °C
Formula C2H2O3 Boiling Point 224.601 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 74.0361 Flash Point 103.914 °C
Transport Information UN 3265 8/PG 2 Appearance clear yellow solution
Safety 26-36/37/39-45-37/39-24 Risk Codes 34-43-41
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 298-12-4 (Glyoxylic acid) Hazard Symbols IrritantXi,CorrosiveC
Synonyms

Acetic acid, oxo- (9CI);Glyoxylic acid (8CI);2-oxoacetate;glyoxalate;Glyoxylic;Oxalaldehydic acid;Oxoacetic acid;Acetic acid, oxo-, sodium salt;glyoxylate;alpha-Ketoacetic acid;Formic acid, formyl-;Acetic acid, oxo;Oxoethanoic acid;

Article Data 400

Glyoxylic acid Synthetic route

35065-59-9

N-chloroglycine

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide; sodium perchlorate In water at 298℃; Decomposition of (N-Cl)- , (N-Br)-α-amino acids, dipeptides, amines in near neutral or mild basic conditions;100%
With sodium hydroxide at 24.9℃; Rate constant; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data; other N-chloro- and N-bromo-α-amino acids; var. temp., NaOH conc. and ionic strength of solution; ΔS(excit.), ΔH(excit.); mechanism;
With hydroxide In water at 24.9℃; Product distribution;
563-96-2

2,2-dihydroxyacetic acid

A

144-62-7

oxalic acid

B

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; ethylenediamine; Flavin mononucleotide In water at 15℃; under 4350.3 Torr; for 77h; glycolate oxidase, Aspergillus niger catalase, pH 8-9;A 0.2%
B 99.8%
79-14-1

glycolic Acid

A

144-62-7

oxalic acid

B

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With diazoacetic acid ethyl ester; oxygen; Flavin mononucleotide In water at 5℃; under 6205.8 Torr; for 1h; Pichia Pastoris transformant MSO10 (423 IU of glycolate oxidase and 869000 IU of catalase), pH 9.25;A 1.3%
B 98.7%
With oxygen; 3,3-dimethyldioxirane In acetone at 32℃; Kinetics; Further Variations:; Temperatures; Oxidation;
108-31-6

maleic anhydride

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: maleic anhydride With water In methanol; ethyl acetate at 65℃; for 0.833333h;
Stage #2: With ozone In methanol; ethyl acetate at 5℃; for 3h; Solvent; Temperature; Time;
98.3%
79-14-1

glycolic Acid

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With acetic acid; bis(2-ethyl-1H-benzimidazolinium) dichromate at 20℃; for 0.5h;89%
With acetic acid; bis(2-methyl-1H-benzimidazolinium) dichromate In ethanol at 20℃; for 0.5h;89%
With glycolate oxidase; oxygen; Flavin mononucleotide In various solvent(s) at 30℃; for 24h; Oxidation;80%
298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: Glyoxal With ammonium hydroxide; dihydrogen peroxide; iron(II) sulfate at 7 - 8℃;
Stage #2: With sulfuric acid In ethanol at 140℃; for 3h;
Stage #3: In water at 95 - 98℃; for 2h; Temperature;
88%
Stage #1: Glyoxal With hydrogenchloride; nitric acid In water at 45℃;
Stage #2: With oxygen; sodium nitrite In water at 43 - 60℃; under 3000.3 Torr; for 4h; Product distribution / selectivity;
78%
With Tri-n-octylamine In octane at 45℃; under 1125.11 Torr; for 4h;57.52%
621-84-1

O-benzyl carbamate

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
83%
79866-88-9

2-chloro-2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-dioxane

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With methanol; water at 20 - 25℃; for 1h;81%
140-10-3

(E)-3-phenylacrylic acid

A

100-52-7

benzaldehyde

B

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) In perchloric acid; acetic acid at 50℃; Mechanism; Kinetics; Ea, ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), other temperatures, other concentrations acids;A 80%
B 10%
With potassium bromate; thallium(III) sulfate; sulfuric acid In water; acetic acid at 40℃; for 60h; Rate constant; Mechanism; Thermodynamic data; other mineral acid; other metal ion; E(excit.), ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), ΔG(excit.);A 75%
B 25%
With sulfuric acid; mercury(II) diacetate; bromate In water; acetic acid Mechanism; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data; effect of solvent polarity, temperature, mercury acetate on oxidation ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), ΔG(excit.);
107-97-1

sarcosine

A

298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

B

C3H5BrNO2(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hypobromite In sodium hydroxide at 35℃; Kinetics; Mechanism;A 80%
B n/a

Glyoxylic acid Chemical Properties

The Molecular Structure of Glyoxylic acid (CAS NO.298-12-4):

Empirical Formula: C2H2O3
Molecular Weight: 74.0355 
IUPAC Name: oxaldehydic acid  
Appearance: clear yellow solution
Nominal Mass: 74 Da
Average Mass: 74.0355 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 74.000394 Da 
Index of Refraction: 1.403
Molar Refractivity: 13.06 cm3
Molar Volume: 53.4 cm3
Surface Tension: 50.2 dyne/cm
Density: 1.384 g/cm3
Flash Point: 103.9 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 50.8 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 224.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0331 mmHg at 25°C 
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Water Solubility: miscible
InChI
InChI=1/C2H2O3/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H,(H,4,5) 
Smiles
C(C=O)(O)=O 
Product Categories: Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Synonyms: Formylformic Acid ; Oxoethanoic acid ; Oxoacetic acid ; Formylformic acid ; Alpha-Ketoacetic Acid ; Oxalaldehydic Acid  
The conjugate base of Glyoxylic acid (CAS NO.298-12-4) is known as glyoxylate. It  is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle, enables organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, and plants to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates .

Glyoxylic acid Uses

 Glyoxylic acid (CAS NO.298-12-4) is used as intermediates of spice, medicine, dyes, plastics and varnish materials,and it also used in pharmacy.

Glyoxylic acid Toxicity Data With Reference

1.    

mmo-sat 200 µg/plate ABCHA6 47,2461,83

2.    

ims-rat LDLo:25 mg/kg

    BSIBAC    Bolletino della Societe Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale. 36 (1960),1937.

Glyoxylic acid Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory

Glyoxylic acid Safety Profile

Hazard Codes: CorrosiveCIrritantXi
Risk Statements: 34-43-41 
R34: Causes burns
R43: May cause sensitization by skin contact
R41: Risk of serious damage to the eyes
Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-45-37/39-24 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection
S24: Avoid contact with skin
RIDADR: UN 3265 8/PG 2
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: MD4550000
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: III
Poison by intramuscular route. Mutation data reported. A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

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