15501-33-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
ON THE STRUCTURE OF tert-BUTYL HYPOIODITE.
Tanner,Gidley,Das,Rowe,Potter
, p. 5261 - 5267 (1984)
A compound known as 'tert-butyl hypoiodite' has hitherto been referred to in the literature as a reagent with some synthetic utility. Three methods of preparation have been used to make this material: the reaction of tert-butyl hypochlorite with iodine, the reaction of tert-butyl hypochlorite with metal iodides, and the reaction of potassium tert-butoxide with iodine. Physical and chemical evidence is offered to show that the reagent obtained from the first of these methods is different from that made from the latter two methods. Reaction schemes are proposed to account for the different properties and reactivities of the two reagents. Structures are proposed for the two reagents which rationalize both the physical and chemical properties of the two materials.
Stereodynamics of Substituted Neopentanes
Whalon, Michael R.,Bushweller, C. Hackett
, p. 1185 - 1190 (1984)
tert-Butyl rotation barriers have been measured in four monosubstituted neopentanes (Me3CCH2X, X=Me, Cl, Br, I) by using 270-MHz 1H dynamic NMR spectroscopy.The barrier depends on X in the order: Me Cl = ca.Br = ca.I.As a complement to the experimental DNMR data, Allinger's MM2 molecular mechanics program (1980 force field) was used to calculate optimized equilibrium geometries and tert-butyl rotation barriers for the four compounds.The MM2 barriers are compared to previously reported MM1 barriers.
A mild method for the replacement of a hydroxyl group by halogen. 1. Scope and chemoselectivity
Munyemana, Fran?ois,George, Isabelle,Devos, Alain,Colens, Alain,Badarau, Eduard,Frisque-Hesbain, Anne-Marie,Loudet, Aurore,Differding, Edmond,Damien, Jean-Marie,Rémion, Jeanine,Van Uytbergen, Jacqueline,Ghosez, Léon
, p. 420 - 430 (2015/12/31)
α-Chloro-, bromo- and iodoenamines, which are readily prepared from the corresponding isobutyramides have been found to be excellent reagents for the transformation of a wide variety of alcohols or carboxylic acids into the corresponding halides. Yields are high and conditions are very mild thus allowing for the presence of sensitive functional groups. The reagents can be easily tuned allowing therefore the selective monohalogenation of polyhydroxylated molecules. The scope and chemoselectivity of the reactions have been studied and reaction mechanisms have been proposed.
A transition-metal-free Heck-type reaction between alkenes and alkyl iodides enabled by light in water
Liu, Wenbo,Li, Lu,Chen, Zhengwang,Li, Chao-Jun
supporting information, p. 6170 - 6174 (2015/06/08)
A transition-metal-free coupling protocol between various alkenes and non-activated alkyl iodides has been developed by using photoenergy in water for the first time. Under UV irradiation and basic aqueous conditions, various alkenes efficiently couple with a wide range of non-activated alkyl iodides. A tentative mechanism, which involves an atom transfer radical addition process, for the coupling is proposed.
PHOTOSTIMULATED REACTIONS OF NEOPENTYL IODIDES WITH CARBANIONS IN DMSO BY THE SRN1 MECHANISM
Penenory, Alicia B.,Rossi, Roberto A.
, p. 605 - 610 (2007/10/03)
Neopentyl iodide, 1, reacted under photostimulation with several carbanionic nucleophiles in DMSO.With acetone enolate ion only reduction and dimerization occured, but good yields of substitution products have been obtained with acetophenone, 5, and anthrone, 9, anions as nucleophiles.Nitromethane anion, 7, does not react with 1 under irradiation, but good yields of the substitution products are obtained when the photostimulated reaction is carried out in the presence of acetone enolate ions (entrainment reaction).Inhibition experiments by p-dinitrobenzene and by the radical trap TEMPO, suggest that these reactions occur by the SRN1 mechanism of nucleophilic substitution.The photostimulated reaction of 1,3-diiodo-2,2-dimethylpropane, 15, with 5 gave the disubstitution product 17 and the reduced monosubstitution product 18.It has been found that the monosubstitution product 16 (in which iodine is retained) is not an intermediate of these reactions. 1-iodoadamantane, 12, is more reactive (ca. 4.9 times) than 1 in competitive experiments toward 5 and under photostimulation.
Finkelstein Reaction with Aqueous Hydrogen Halides Efficiently Catalysed by Lipophilic Quarternary Onium Salts
Landini, Dario,Albanese, Domenico,Mottadelli, Sabrina,Penso, Michele
, p. 2309 - 2312 (2007/10/02)
The rate of halogen metathesis between halogenoalkanes RX 1-4 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) and aqueous concentrated hydrogen halides HY (Y = Cl, Br, I) is strongly accelerated under phase-transfer catalysis conditions, without solvent.The amount and nature of the nucleophilic species in the organic phase were determined.
Pyrylium Mediated Transformations of Neopentylamine
Katritzky, Alan R.,Singh, Jagadish N.
, p. 421 - 424 (2007/10/02)
A series of 2,4-diphenyl-5,6-dihydrobenzochromenylium salts have been prepared.They react with neopentylamine to form the corresponding 1-neopentylquinolinium salts which on thermolysis afford neopentyl halides, trifluoracetate, and thiocyanate, in good yields without rearrangements.
Photochemistry of Alkyl Halides. 9. Geminal Dihalides
Kropp, Paul J.,Pienta, Norbert J.
, p. 2084 - 2090 (2007/10/02)
The photobehavior of the geminal dihalides (diiodomethyl)cyclohexane (7), (bromoiodomethyl)cyclohexane (11), (dibromomethyl)cyclohexane (17), (diiodomethyl)cyclopentane (22), 3,3-dimethyl(diiodomethyl)cyclobutane (27), and 8,8-diiodo-2,6-dimethyl-2-octene (31) has been studied and compared with that previously observed for diiodomethane.In all solvents the corresponding vinyl halides (iodomethylene)cyclohexane (13), (bromomethylene)cyclohexane (21), (iodomethylene)cyclopentane (23), 3,3-dimethyl(iodomethylene)cyclobutane (28), or cis- and trans-3,7-dimethyl-1-iodo-1,6-octadiene (33) were obtained, which are thought to arise from α-halo cationic intermediate formed via initial light-induced homolytic cleavage of the carbon-iodine bond followed by electron transfer within the resulting caged radical pair, as shown in Schemes II and III.In the case of diiodide 31 competing intramolecular trapping of the α-iodo cation afforded in addition the cyclized isopulegyl iodide (34).In polar solvents the vinyl iodides were accompanied by the nonhalogenated products methylenecyclohexane (15), 1-methylcyclopentene (25), cyclohexene (26), 4,4-dimethylcyclopentene (29), and cis- and trans-carane (35), which are thought also to arise from the α-halo cationic intermediate. 1.1-Diiodo-2,2-dimethylpropane (1b) afforded 2-methyl-2-butene (6b).Except for carane (35) from diiodide 31 there was no detectable formation of cyclopropanes.In methanol the nucleophilic substitution products (dimethoxymethyl)cyclohexane (14), (dimethoxymethyl)cyclopentane (24), and 1,1-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethylpropane (30) were obtained.It is concluded that geminal dihalides undergo predominant, if not exclusive, photoreaction via initial clea vage of a single carbon-halogen bond in analogy with monohalides and that carbene intermediates are not formed.A similiar conclusion has been reached previously for diiodomethane in the photocyclopropanation of alkenes.
DESIGN AND REACTIVITY OF ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS: IMIDAZOLYLSULFONATE (IMIDAZYLATE) - AN EFFICIENT AND VERSATILE LEAVING GROUP
Hanessian, Stephen,Vatele, Jean-Michel
, p. 3579 - 3582 (2007/10/02)
The preparation and reactivity of the novel imidazolylsulfonate group is described.
