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25714-71-0 Usage

Uses

4-Hydroxybutanal is used in preparation of deoxykeoses and acetonides. 4-Hydroxybutanal is also a metabolite of Tegafur , a prodrug used for various cancer chemotherapies.

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 25714-71-0 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 2,5,7,1 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 7 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 25714-71:
(7*2)+(6*5)+(5*7)+(4*1)+(3*4)+(2*7)+(1*1)=110
110 % 10 = 0
So 25714-71-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H8O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h3,6H,1-2,4H2

25714-71-0SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 15, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 15, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name 4-hydroxybutanal

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names 4-hydroxy-butanal

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:25714-71-0 SDS

25714-71-0Synthetic route

tetrahydrofuran
109-99-9

tetrahydrofuran

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; isobutyraldehyde; cobalt(II) porphyrin In acetonitrile for 3h; Ambient temperature;94%
With sodium acetate; benzene diazonium chloride
4-butanolide
96-48-0

4-butanolide

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With diisobutylaluminium hydride93%
With 2-methyl-but-2-ene; borane In tetrahydrofuran
With diisobutylaluminium hydride In dichloromethane at -78℃;
1,4-butenediol
6117-80-2

1,4-butenediol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0); tricyclohexylphosphine In various solvent(s) at 150℃; for 4h;90%
With hydrogen; Montmorillonite-Ph2PPd(II) Mechanism; Ambient temperature;
(ethene)bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)palladium(0) In diethylene glycol dimethyl ether at 130℃; for 5h; Product distribution; other catalysts, solvents, temperatures and reaction times;95 % Chromat.
cyclobutanol
2919-23-5

cyclobutanol

A

cyclobutanone
1191-95-3

cyclobutanone

B

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With C17H19FeN5O4(18)O(1-) In acetonitrile at 26.84℃; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst;A 85%
B 15%
With perchloric acid; oxochromium(IV); lithium perchlorate In water at 25℃; Rate constant; Thermodynamic data; ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.);
With dihydrogen peroxide; C11H18Br2FeN4(1+)*Br(1-) In acetonitrile at 30℃; for 24h;
dimethyl cis-but-2-ene-1,4-dioate
624-48-6

dimethyl cis-but-2-ene-1,4-dioate

A

tetrahydrofuran
109-99-9

tetrahydrofuran

B

2-methoxytetrahydrofuran
13436-45-8

2-methoxytetrahydrofuran

C

4-butanolide
96-48-0

4-butanolide

D

propan-1-ol
71-23-8

propan-1-ol

E

1-methoxy-1,4-butanediol

1-methoxy-1,4-butanediol

F

2-(4'-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran
64001-06-5

2-(4'-hydroxybutoxy)-tetrahydrofuran

G

4-hydroxy-butanoic acid 4-hydroxybutyl ester

4-hydroxy-butanoic acid 4-hydroxybutyl ester

H

Butane-1,4-diol
110-63-4

Butane-1,4-diol

I

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

J

methyl 4-hydroxybutanoate
925-57-5

methyl 4-hydroxybutanoate

K

butan-1-ol
71-36-3

butan-1-ol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen at 190℃; under 46504.7 Torr; Gas phase;A 5.3%
B n/a
C 10.4%
D n/a
E n/a
F n/a
G n/a
H 79.1%
I n/a
J n/a
K n/a
1,4-butenediol
6117-80-2

1,4-butenediol

A

2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran
5371-52-8

2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran

B

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; montmorillonite-diphenylphosphinepalladium(II) under 760 Torr; for 30h; Ambient temperature;A 72%
B n/a
carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

allyl alcohol
107-18-6

allyl alcohol

A

propan-1-ol
71-23-8

propan-1-ol

B

3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanal
38433-80-6

3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanal

C

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

D

propionaldehyde
123-38-6

propionaldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; carbonylhydridetris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) In benzene at 60℃; under 5171.5 Torr; for 7h; Product distribution; Other temperatures, other pressures, other catalysts;A 0.1%
B 28.4%
C 70.4%
D 1.1%
With hydrogen; acetylacetonatodicarbonylrhodium(l); rac-trans-1,2-bis[di(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphinomethyl]cyclobutane In toluene at 65℃; under 10069 - 11103.3 Torr; Conversion of starting material;
With hydrogen; acetylacetonatodicarbonylrhodium(l); trans-1,2-bis(bis(4-methylphenyl)phosphinomethyl)cyclobutane In toluene at 65℃; under 10069 - 11103.3 Torr; Conversion of starting material;
D,L-1,2,4-butanetriol
3068-00-6

D,L-1,2,4-butanetriol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium periodate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 6h; Solvent;70%
carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

allyl alcohol
107-18-6

allyl alcohol

A

3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanal
38433-80-6

3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanal

B

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With (Sa)-1,16-bis(diphenylphosphino)-6,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydrodibenzo[b,d][1,6]dioxacyclododecine; hydrogen In toluene under 9308.91 - 10343.2 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; Overall yield = 91.27 %;A 34.7%
B 54.99%
With 1,3-bis-(diphenylphosphino)propane; hydrogen In toluene under 9308.91 - 10343.2 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; Overall yield = 45.94 %;A 33.87%
B 11.72%
With hydrogen; acetylacetonatodicarbonylrhodium(l); (2R,3R)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]butane In toluene at 65℃; under 10069 - 11103.3 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity;
Butane-1,4-diol
110-63-4

Butane-1,4-diol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With D-glucose; Gluconobacter oxidans DSM 2343; yeast extract In phosphate buffer at 28℃; for 4h; pH=6.3; Enzymatic reaction;35%
With pyridinium chlorochromate In dimethyl sulfoxide for 6h; Kinetics; Mechanism; Thermodynamic data; Εa, log A, ΔS(excit.), ΔG(excit.);
With perchloric acid; 12-tungstocobaltate(III) In water Rate constant; effect of temp. ( 20.0 - 35.0 deg C ), and pH;
2,3-dihydro-2H-furan
1191-99-7

2,3-dihydro-2H-furan

A

2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran
5371-52-8

2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran

B

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
sulfuric acid for 0.333333h; Title compound not separated from byproducts;A 28%
B 15%
With hydrogenchloride In water for 0.0833333h; Title compound not separated from byproducts;
With hydrogenchloride; water In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 5h; Overall yield = 84 %; Overall yield = 29.6 g;
2,3-dihydro-2H-furan
1191-99-7

2,3-dihydro-2H-furan

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 0℃;23%
With hydrogenchloride Hydrolysis;
With sulfuric acid Hydrolysis;
2-hydroperoxytetrahydrofuran
4676-82-8

2-hydroperoxytetrahydrofuran

triphenylphosphine
603-35-0

triphenylphosphine

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Kinetics; in Aether;
2-hydroperoxytetrahydrofuran
4676-82-8

2-hydroperoxytetrahydrofuran

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 50℃;
1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne
110-65-6

1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With palladium-kieselguhr; water; hydrogen at 100 - 110℃;
2-hydroxymethylenebutan-4-olide
78646-79-4

2-hydroxymethylenebutan-4-olide

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride
2-methoxy-tetrahydro-furan-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester
89941-77-5

2-methoxy-tetrahydro-furan-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride
diethyl ether
60-29-7

diethyl ether

1,2,5-pentanetriol
14697-46-2

1,2,5-pentanetriol

lead(IV) tetraacetate
546-67-8

lead(IV) tetraacetate

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

1,4-bis-nitrosooxy-butane
33025-64-8

1,4-bis-nitrosooxy-butane

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 300℃;
at 340℃;
1,2,5-pentanetriol
14697-46-2

1,2,5-pentanetriol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With lead(IV) acetate; diethyl ether at 25 - 30℃;
5-hydroxy-2-oxo-pentanoic acid
104092-74-2

5-hydroxy-2-oxo-pentanoic acid

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

n-Pent-4-enyl alcohol
821-09-0

n-Pent-4-enyl alcohol

acetic acid
64-19-7

acetic acid

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
bei der Ozonisierung und Reduktion des mit Aether versetzten Ozonids durch Zinkstaub und wenig Wasser;
oxirane
75-21-8

oxirane

2,4,4,6-tetramethyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine
26939-18-4

2,4,4,6-tetramethyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multistep reaction;
2-(2-ethoxy-ethoxy)-tetrahydro-furan
90435-25-9

2-(2-ethoxy-ethoxy)-tetrahydro-furan

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid
3-(4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3]oxazinan-2-yl)-propan-1-ol
22944-89-4

3-(4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3]oxazinan-2-yl)-propan-1-ol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalic acid
cyclobutanol
2919-23-5

cyclobutanol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chromium(VI) oxide at 25℃; Rate constant;
4,4-diethoxybutan-1-ol
70216-75-0

4,4-diethoxybutan-1-ol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid; acetic acid
1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne
110-65-6

1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne

A

Butane-1,4-diol
110-63-4

Butane-1,4-diol

B

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

C

3-[1,3]Dioxepan-2-yl-propan-1-ol
66338-17-8

3-[1,3]Dioxepan-2-yl-propan-1-ol

D

butan-1-ol
71-36-3

butan-1-ol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; nickel In water at 70℃; under 11250.9 Torr; Product distribution; influence of dispersity on the activity, selectivity, and stability of Raney-nickel catalyst;
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

eschenmoser's salt
33797-51-2

eschenmoser's salt

2-methylene-4-hydroxybutanal
250209-01-9

2-methylene-4-hydroxybutanal

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With n-butyllithium; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 14.5h;96%
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

2-ethoxytetrahydrofuran
13436-46-9

2-ethoxytetrahydrofuran

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid In hexane; water at 22℃; for 24h;95%
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
83-72-7

2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybutyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione

2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxybutyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate; L-proline In dichloromethane for 12h; Reflux; Inert atmosphere;89%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

butan-1-ol
71-36-3

butan-1-ol

2-n-butoxytetrahydrofuran
62987-01-3

2-n-butoxytetrahydrofuran

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Amberlyst-15 sulfonic acid resin In hexane; water at 22℃; for 17h;88.5%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

tert-butylchlorodiphenylsilane
58479-61-1

tert-butylchlorodiphenylsilane

4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)butanal
127793-62-8

4-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)butanal

Conditions
ConditionsYield
84%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

2-ethylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride
19398-06-2, 58711-02-7

2-ethylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride

7-ethyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-ol
41340-36-7

7-ethyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-ol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ethylene glycol In water Microwave irradiation;78%
Stage #1: 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde; 2-ethylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride In water; ethylene glycol at 115℃; for 0.00555556h;
Stage #2: With sulfuric acid In water; ethylene glycol for 0.0666667h;
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
83-72-7

2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

2-hydroxy-3-(4-((tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)butyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione

2-hydroxy-3-(4-((tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)butyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate; L-proline In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;77%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

3-methylsulfanyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazole
7411-18-9

3-methylsulfanyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazole

C6H10N4OS
1626400-35-8

C6H10N4OS

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With di-isopropyl azodicarboxylate; triphenylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 80℃; Mitsunobu Displacement; regioselective reaction;71%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

(3R*,4S*)-4-((E)-prop-1-en-1-yl)-1-tosyl-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)azetidin-2-one

(3R*,4S*)-4-((E)-prop-1-en-1-yl)-1-tosyl-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)azetidin-2-one

(2R*,5S*,6R*,Z)-6,9-dihydroxy-5-methyl-N-tosyl-2-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)non-3-enamide

(2R*,5S*,6R*,Z)-6,9-dihydroxy-5-methyl-N-tosyl-2-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)non-3-enamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1-methyl-1H-imidazole; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); indium iodide In tetrahydrofuran; ethanol at 25℃; Inert atmosphere;68%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

3-methoxycarbonyl-2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one
50603-71-9

3-methoxycarbonyl-2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one

3-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-azulene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester

3-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-azulene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With morpholine In ethanol for 10h; Heating;60%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

Lithium hydroxypyruvate
3369-79-7

Lithium hydroxypyruvate

4,5-dideoxy-L-glycero-hex-2-ulose
1416476-69-1

4,5-dideoxy-L-glycero-hex-2-ulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With recombinant and mutant transketolase from Escherichia coli, D469E variant; thiamine diphosphate; magnesium chloride In aq. buffer at 35℃; for 24h; pH=7.5; Enzymatic reaction; enantioselective reaction;56%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

hypophosphorus acid diphenylmethylamine salt

hypophosphorus acid diphenylmethylamine salt

[1-(Benzhydryl-amino)-4-hydroxy-butyl]-phosphinic acid
95691-16-0

[1-(Benzhydryl-amino)-4-hydroxy-butyl]-phosphinic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In 1,4-dioxane for 5h; Heating;48%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

1,4,5-trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione
2961-04-8

1,4,5-trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

2-(4'-hydroxybutyl)-5-hydroxyquinizarin
69043-93-2

2-(4'-hydroxybutyl)-5-hydroxyquinizarin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide; sodium dithionite; sodium carbonate In water for 2h; Product distribution; Heating; other aldehydes, other products;44%
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide; sodium dithionite; sodium carbonate In water for 2h; Heating;44%
4-hydroxybutyraldehyde
25714-71-0

4-hydroxybutyraldehyde

benzhydrylamine hydrophosphorous acid salt

benzhydrylamine hydrophosphorous acid salt

[1-(Benzhydryl-amino)-4-hydroxy-butyl]-phosphinic acid
95691-16-0

[1-(Benzhydryl-amino)-4-hydroxy-butyl]-phosphinic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In 1,4-dioxane at 100℃;42%

25714-71-0Relevant articles and documents

Assembly of tunable supramolecular organometallic catalysts with cyclodextrins

Leclercq, Loic,Schmitzer, Andreea R.

, p. 3442 - 3449 (2010)

Methylated-β-CDs were used to activate a catalyst by ligand solution trapping, to form second-sphere coordination by ligand complexation, and to increase the regioselectivity of biphasic and homogeneous hydroformylation reactions. Different methylation degrees of the β-CD allow assembly of hydrophobic or hydrophilic catalysts that can be employed in homogeneous or biphasic hydroformylation reactions.

Three-component reductive alkylation of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones with lactols

Kim, Eliana E.,Onyango, Evans O.,Pace, Jennifer R.,Abbot, Timothy M.,Fu, Liangfeng,Gribble, Gordon W.

, p. 864 - 867 (2016)

Lactols II, obtained by DIBAL reduction of their corresponding lactones I, in equilibrium with their hydroxyaldehyde tautomers III were used in a three-component reductive alkylation with 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone to give a series of 3-alkylated 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives IV.

Gensler,W.J. et al.

, p. 3408 - 3414 (1968)

Intramolecular oxygen radical additions to α,β-unsaturated esters. Diastereoselective tandem cyclofunctionalization and hydrogen transfer reactions

Guindon, Yvan,Denis, Real C.

, p. 339 - 342 (1998)

The efficiency of a tandem process featuring an oxy radical cyclization and hydrogen transfer reaction of the resultant carbon-based radical has been demonstrated. This methodology affords 2,3-trans-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans by creating two new contiguous stereogenic centers with high levels of 1,2-induction in each step.

Catalytic Selective Oxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols Using Nonheme [Iron(III)(Pyridine-Containing Ligand)] Complexes

Caselli, Alessandro,Gallo, Emma,Panza, Nicola,Rizzato, Silvia,Tseberlidis, Giorgio,di Biase, Armando

supporting information, p. 6635 - 6644 (2020/10/30)

The selective oxidation of different primary and secondary alcohols to carbonyl compounds by hydrogen peroxide was found to be catalyzed in conversion ranging from good to excellent by an iron(III) complex of a pyridine-containing macrocyclic ligand (Pc-L), without the need of any additive. The choice of the counteranion (Cl, Br, OTf) appeared to be of fundamental importance and the best results in terms of selectivity (up to 99 %) and conversion (up to 98 %) were obtained using the well-characterized [Fe(III)(Br)2(Pc-L)]Br complex, 4c. Magnetic moments in solid-state, also confirmed in solution ([D6]DMSO) by Evans NMR method, were calculated and point out to an iron metal center in the high spin state of 5/2. The crystal structure shows that the iron(III) center is coordinated by the four nitrogen atoms of the macrocycle and two bromide anions to form a distorted octahedral coordination environment. The catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol in acetonitrile was found occurring with better conversions and selectivities than in other solvents. The reaction proved to be quite general, tolerating aromatic and aliphatic alcohols, although very low yields were obtained for terminal aliphatic alcohols. Preliminary mechanistic studies are in agreement with a catalytic cycle promoted by a high-spin iron complex.

PRODUCING BDO VIA HYDROFORMYLATION OF ALLYL ALCOHOL MADE FROM GLYCERIN

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Paragraph 0050, (2019/09/06)

A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in an allyl alcohol feed, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a 1,4-butanediol (BDO) product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, bio-allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product; and removing a byproduct of the production of the bio-allyl alcohol prior to hydroformylating the bio-allyl alcohol and/or from the BDO-product.

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