- 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol, 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenyl acetate and 2,6-diiodo-4-nitroanisole: Interplay of hydrogen bonds, iodo-nitro interactions and aromatic π-π-stacking interactions to give supramolecular structures in one, two and three dimensions
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In 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol, C6H3I2NO3, the molecules are linked, by an O-H...O hydrogen bond and two iodo-nitro interactions, into sheets, which are further linked into a three-dimensional framework by aromatic π-π-stacking interactions. The molecules of 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenyl acetate, C8H5I2NO4, lie across a mirror plane in space group Pnma, with the acetyl group on the mirror, and they are linked by a single iodo-nitro interaction to form isolated sheets. The molecules of 2,6-diiodo-4-nitroanisole, C7H5I2NO3, are linked into isolated chains by a single two-centre iodo-nitro interaction.
- Garden, Simon J.,Da Cunha, Fernanda R.,Wardell, James L.,Skakle, Janet M.S.,Low, John N.,Glidewell, Christopher
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Read Online
- One-Pot Synthesis of N-Iodo Sulfoximines from Sulfides
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This is the first report on the synthesis and characterization of N-iodo sulfoximines. The synthesis was designed as a room temperature one-pot cascade reaction from readily available sulfides as starting compounds, converted into sulfoximines by reaction with ammonium carbonate and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene, followed by iodination with N-iodosuccinimide or iodine in situ, in up to 90% isolated yields, also at a multigram scale. Iodination of aryls with N-iodo sulfoximines, oxidation, and conversion to N-SCF3 congeners have been demonstrated.
- Zupanc, An?e,Jereb, Marjan
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p. 5991 - 6000
(2021/05/05)
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- Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Glucosidase for the Hydrolysis of Cellulose in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions
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Molecular imprinting is a powerful and yet simple method to create multifunctional binding sites within a cross-linked polymer network. We report a new class of synthetic glucosidase prepared through molecular imprinting and postfunctionalization of cross-linked surfactant micelles. These catalysts are protein-sized water-soluble nanoparticles that can be modified in multiple ways. As their natural counterparts, they bind a glucose-containing oligo- or polysaccharide. They contain acidic groups near the glycosidic bond to be cleaved, with the number and distance of the acid groups tuned systematically. Hydrolysis of cellulose in a key step in biomass conversion but is hampered by the incalcitrance of the highly crystalline cellulose fibers. The synthetic glucosidases are shown to hydrolyze cellobiose and cellulose under a variety of conditions. The best catalyst, with a biomimetic double acid catalytic motif, can hydrolyze cellulose with one-fifth of the activity of commercial cellulases in aqueous buffer. As a highly cross-linked polymeric nanoparticle, the synthetic catalyst is stable at elevated temperatures in both aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. In a polar aprotic solvent/ionic liquid mixture, it hydrolyzes cellulose several times faster than commercial cellulases in aqueous buffer. When deposited on magnetic nanoparticles, it retains 75% of its activity after 10 cycles of usage.
- Li, Xiaowei,Zangiabadi, Milad,Zhao, Yan
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supporting information
p. 5172 - 5181
(2021/05/04)
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- Quinazoline derivative and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a novel compound 4-(3 '-R substituted-5'-R substituted-4 '-hydroxyanilino) quinazoline derivative and a preparation method and application thereof. The structural formulas of the compound are shown as formulas I and II. The compound has good activity of preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis and can be used as a therapeutic agent for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis in the field of preparation of medicines for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis.
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Paragraph 0099-0100
(2020/07/15)
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- Iodination of industrially important aromatic compounds with aqueous potassium triiodide
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A new reagent system consisting of aqueous KI3in AcOH and NaIO4as oxidant has been found to be effective in iodinating a variety of commercially important aromatic substrates under ambient conditions. The presence of Na2SO3enhances the yield and the product purity. The procedure ensures high yields (72–98%) at room temperature in a short reaction time. A remarkable feature of this system is that even acidsensitive functionalities like anilines can be iodinated quantitatively.
- Sharma,Srivastava,Agarwal,Diwedi
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p. 433 - 436
(2016/06/13)
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- Ultrasound-promoted rapid and efficient iodination of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds in the presence of iodine and hydrogen peroxide in water
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A rapid and efficient ultrasound-promoted protocol for iodination of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds, using molecular iodine in the presence of aqueous hydrogen peroxide in water without any cosolvent, has produced versatile iodinated organic molecules with potential application in organic synthesis and medicine in short reaction times and good to excellent yields. Copyright
- Ferreira, Irlon M.,Casagrande, Gleison A.,Pizzuti, Lucas,Raminelli, Cristiano
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supporting information
p. 2094 - 2102
(2014/07/07)
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- Iodine(I) reagents in hydrochloric acid-catalyzed oxidative iodination of aromatic compounds by hydrogen peroxide and iodine
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Hydrochloric acid activates the oxidative iodination of aromatic compounds with the iodine- hydrogen peroxide system through the formation of an iodine(I) compound as the iodinating reagent. Activation with hydrochloric acid is more powerful than that with sulfuric acid. The formation of dichloroiodic(I) acid (HICl2) with various forms of hydrogen peroxide was followed using UV spectroscopy. The HICl2 was used as the iodinating reagent. In the preparative oxidative iodinaton of various aromatic compounds, hydrochloric acid was used in a catalytic amount and the iodine(I) reagent was formed in situ with 0.5 equiv. hydrogen peroxide and 0.5 equiv. molecular iodine. Two types of reactivity were observed in oxidative iodination with iodine(I) species catalyzed by hydrochloric acid: in the iodination of anisole 1a better yields of iodination were observed with a smaller amount of hydrochloric acid, while on the contrary 4-tert-butyltoluene 1b gave better yields of iodination upon increasing the amount of hydrochloric acid. Reactivity was further manipulated by the choice of the solvent (MeCN, trifluoroethanol, hexafluoro-2-propanol). Copyright
- Bedrac, Leon,Iskra, Jernej
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supporting information
p. 1243 - 1248
(2013/06/27)
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- Increased endothelial cell selectivity of triazole-bridged dihalogenated A-ring analogues of combretastatin A-1
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The antiproliferative activity on ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3) cells of a series of triazole-bridged combretastatin analogues (37, 38, 40-43) containing dihalogenation of the A-ring is reported, and compared with their trimethoxy analogues (5, 15, 39). It was found that dihalogenation with either bromine or iodine was a tolerated modification when compared to the parent compound combretastatin (CA-4, 1) and had less effect than B-ring modification on potency. These compounds exhibited G2/M arrest, and maintained antitubulin activity. Further assays on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) demonstrated the potential antivascular effects of these triazoles. Of particular note was a 3,5-diiodo-4-methoxyaryl triazole (43) which had promising 7-fold selectivity for HUVECs over ovarian cancer cells.
- Beale, Thomas M.,Bond, Peter J.,Brenton, James D.,Charnock-Jones, D. Stephen,Ley, Steven V.,Myers, Rebecca M.
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scheme or table
p. 1749 - 1759
(2012/04/10)
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- A-ring dihalogenation increases the cellular activity of combretastatin-templated tetrazoles
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The combretastatins have been investigated for their antimitotic and antivascular properties, and it is widely postulated that a 3,4,5-trimethoxyaryl A-ring is essential to maintain potent activity. We have synthesized new tetrazole analogues (32a€"34), demonstrating that 3,5-dihalogenation can consistently increase potency by up to 5-fold when compared to the equivalent trimethoxy compound on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a range of cancer cells. Moreover, this increased potency offsets that lost by installing the tetrazole bridge into combretastatin A-4 (1), giving crystalline, soluble compounds that have low nanomolar activity, arrest cells in G2/M phase, and retain microtubule inhibitory activity. Molecular modeling has shown that optimized packing within the binding site resulting in increased Coulombic interaction may be responsible for this improved activity.
- Beale, Thomas M.,Allwood, Daniel M.,Bender, Andreas,Bond, Peter J.,Brenton, James D.,Charnock-Jones, D. Stephen,Ley, Steven V.,Myers, Rebecca M.,Shearman, James W.,Temple, Jill,Unger, Jessica,Watts, Ciorsdaidh A.,Xian, Jian
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 177 - 181
(2012/05/05)
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- Synthesis, characterization, X-ray structural analysis, and iodination ability of benzyl(triphenyl)phosphonium dichloroiodate
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Benzyl(triphenyl)phosphonium dichloroiodate (BTPPICl2), BnPh3P+(ICl2)-, is easily synthesized in a nearly quantitative yield by the addition of BnPh 3P+Cl- to a CH2Cl2 solution of iodine monochloride (ICl). BnPh3P+Cl - can be prepared by the reaction of Ph3P and BnCl. The compound was characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR). The use of phosphonium counterion improves the quality of the BTPPICl2 crystals. BTPPICl2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, and its crystal and molecular structure has been determined at 100(1) K by X-ray diffraction. The structure was solved by the direct method and had refined R value of 0.0637 for 699 reflections (I>2σ(I)), space group P21/n with a=12.4700(3), b=13.2196(3), c=14.4580(3) A, β=102.6340(10)°, V=2325.67(9) A3, and Z=4. The I-atom is coordinated by two Cl-atoms as ligands in a linear geometry. This compound is a versatile reagent for the efficient and selective iodination of organic substrates, in particular of aromatic phenols to the corresponding iodo compounds, under mild conditions. To assess the generality of method, a wide variety of phenols with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents were studied. BTPPICl2 is a mild iodination reagent, which offers a new avenue for an expeditious iodination of phenols. The inexpensive, relatively non-toxic reagent, and mild conditions are the positive features of the procedure and reagent. Copyright
- Imanieh, Hossein,Ghammamy, Shahriar,Nikje, Mir Mohammad Alavi,Hosseini, Farhang,Aghbolagh, Zahra Shokri,Fun, Hoong-Kun,Khavasi, Hamid Reza,Kia, Reza
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experimental part
p. 2248 - 2255
(2012/01/12)
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- Efficient and selective iodination of phenols promoted by iodine and hydrogen peroxide in water
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A simple and selective reaction for the preparation of iodinated phenols was developed and phenol derivatives containing electron withdrawing groups were iodinated in very good yields under relatively mild conditions.
- Gallo, Rafael D.C.,Gebara, Karimi S.,Muzzi, Rozanna M.,Raminelli, Cristiano
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experimental part
p. 770 - 774
(2010/08/13)
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- Peroxide/potassium iodide redox systems for in situ oxyiodination of organic compounds under liquid-phase and solvent-free conditions
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Iodination of certain aromatic amines and phenols are triggered by the oxidation of KI by peroxy compounds such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide ( tBuOOH) under liquid-phase and solvent-free conditions by grinding the reactants in a mortar with a pestle. The reactions afforded corresponding iodo derivatives in good yield with high regioselectivity (Table 1).
- Venkateshwarlu, Gattu,Premalatha, Akarapu,Chakradhar, Anuganti,Rajanna, Kamatala Chinna,Prakash, Pondichery Kuppuswamy Sai
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experimental part
p. 345 - 349
(2010/05/15)
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- Mild and efficient iodination of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with the NaClO2/NaI/HCl system
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NaClO2/NaI in the presence of HCl is a mild, cheap, and non-toxic reagent for the iodination of phenols, including estradiol and naphthol, aromatic amines, and heterocyclic substrates, e.g., indoles, 8-hydroxyquinoline, imidazole, in fair to excellent yields by a very simple isolation protocol. The scope of the procedure is exemplified by the first iodination of 5-nitroindole to 3-iodo-5-nitroindole in 75% yield.
- Lista, Liliana,Pezzella, Alessandro,Napolitano, Alessandra,d'Ischia, Marco
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p. 234 - 239
(2008/09/16)
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- Eco-friendly oxidative iodination of various arenes with sodium percarbonate as the oxidant http://www.mdpi.org
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Six easy laboratory procedures are presented for the oxidative iodination of various aromatics, mostly arenes, with either molecular iodine or potassium iodide (used as the sources of iodinating species, I+ or I 3+), in the presence of sodium percarbonate (SPC), a stable, cheap, easy to handle, and eco-friendly commercial oxidant.
- Zielinska, Agnieszka,Skulski, Lech
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p. 1307 - 1317
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of functionalized nitroarylmagnesium halides via an iodine-magnesium exchange
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Various nitro-substituted aryl and heteroaryl iodides undergo an iodine-magnesium exchange reaction when treated with PhMgCl leading to nitro-containing magnesium organometallics. These Grignard reagents display an excellent stability at temperatures below -40°C and do not undergo electron-transfer reactions. They react as expected with various electrophiles.
- Sapountzis, Ioannis,Dube, Henry,Lewis, Robert,Gommermann, Nina,Knochel, Paul
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p. 2445 - 2454
(2007/10/03)
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- Nonmetal-catalyzed iodination of arenes with iodide and hydrogen peroxide
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Oxidative iodination of arenes was carried out with one equivalent of KI and two equivalents of 30% hydrogen peroxide in MeOH in the presence of strong acid. Reactions of various substituted anisoles, phenols and anilines, as well as mesitylene and uracil, were selective and effective with very good yields of isolated halogenated aromatic molecules.
- Iskra, Jernej,Stavber, Stojan,Zupan, Marko
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p. 1869 - 1873
(2007/10/03)
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- A new, environment friendly protocol for iodination of electron-rich aromatic compounds
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A new environment friendly procedure for effective aromatic iodination is presented. A mixture of potassium iodide and potassium iodate is used in the presence of an acid for in situ iodination of aromatic compounds.
- Adimurthy, Subbarayappa,Ramachandraiah, Gadde,Ghosh, Pushpito K.,Bedekar, Ashutosh V.
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p. 5099 - 5101
(2007/10/03)
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- Influence de la complexation sur la reactivite de nitrates d'halogenes
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Iodine nitrate or bromine nitrate in acetonitrile or in chloroform react with a variety of phenolic substrates to form both halogenated and nitrated products.In the presence of strong complexing agents of halonium ions, no reacting occurs, while in the presence of pyridine or triethylamine, only halogenated phenols exhibiting a strong ortho-directing effect of the phenolic function are produced. Keywords: phenols, iodine nitrate, bromine nitrate, halogenation, nitration.
- Gaude, Didier,Gellon, Gisele,Goaller, Raymond Le,Pierre, Jean-Louis
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p. 104 - 108
(2007/10/02)
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- Iodination of Phenols by Use of Benzyltrimethylammonium Dichloroiodate(1-)
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The reaction of phenols with benzyltrimethylammonium dichloroiodate(1-) in dichloromethane-methanol in the presence of CaCO3 or NaHCO3 for several hours at room temperature gave iodophenols in good yields.
- Kajigaeshi, Shoji,Kakinami, Takaaki,Yamasaki, Hiromichi,Fujisaki, Shizuo,Kondo, Manabu,Okamoto, Tsuyoshi
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p. 2109 - 2112
(2007/10/02)
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