73-32-5

Basic information

• Product Name: L-Isoleucine
• Synonyms: (2S,3S)-Ile;L-Isoieucine;L-Isoleucine;Z-(s,S)-isoleucine;H-L-ILE-OH;H-lle-OH;L-Ile (2S,3S);N-methyl Ile;H-ILE-OH;L-Isoleusine;L(+)-Isoleucin;(2S,3S)-2-Amino-3-methylpentanoicacid;ILE;(S)-isoleucin;Isoleucin;查看更多英文别名收起
• CAS NO: 73-32-5
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₃NO₂
• Molecular Weight: 131.17292
• EINECS: 200-798-2
• Mol File: 73-32-5.mol
• Article Data: 230

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 168-170℃
• Boiling Point: 225.772 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 90.344 °C
• Appearance: White crystalline powder
• Density: 1.036 g/cm³
• PKA: 2.57±0.24(Predicted)
• Water Solubility: 41.2 g/L (50℃)
• CAS DataBase Reference: L-Isoleucine(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: L-Isoleucine(73-32-5)
• EPA Substance Registry System: L-Isoleucine(73-32-5)

Safety Data

• Safety Statements: S24/25:
• Hazardous Substances Data: 73-32-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

General Description

L-Isoleucine, also known as Isoleucine, is an essential amino acid that is crucial for protein synthesis and muscle repair in the body. It is classified as a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and is commonly found in high-protein foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. L-Isoleucine is involved in regulating blood sugar levels and providing energy to the muscles during physical activity. It also plays a role in the production of hemoglobin and can help improve overall endurance and recovery after exercising. Additionally, L-Isoleucine is important for maintaining proper nitrogen balance in the body and is often used in supplements to support muscle growth and athletic performance.

InChI:InChI=1/C6H13NO2/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t4-,5-/m0/s1

Synthetic route

Poc-Ile-OH → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With resin bound tetrathiomolybdate In methanol at 28℃; for 1.5h; ultrasonic bath;	100%

Fmoc-Ile-OH (71989-23-6) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium fluoride; 18-crown-6 ether In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 9h; Ambient temperature;	98%

N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-L-isoleucine (13139-16-7) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium bistriflamide; trifluoroacetic acid at 130℃; for 0.166667h; Ionic liquid;	98%
With trifluoroacetic acid at 20℃; for 0.25h;

Boc-Ile-Merrifield resin → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With dimethyl ether-poly(hydrogen fluoride) at 0℃; for 1h;	93%

(2S,3S)-3-Methyl-2-[2-methyl-2-(2-nitro-phenyl)-propionylamino]-pentanoic acid benzyl ester → 3,3-dimethyloxindole (19155-24-9) + 1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-hydroxy-H-indol-2-one (32353-29-0) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; acetic acid; palladium on activated charcoal In methanol for 0.5h;	A n/a B n/a C 85%

(S)-4-((S)-sec-butyl)oxazolidine-2,5-dione (5860-63-9, 45895-88-3, 45895-89-4, 45895-90-7, 51829-75-5) + L-Glycin (56-40-6) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + isoleucyl‐glycine (868-28-0) + N-carbamoylglycine (462-60-2) + oligomers of ile

Conditions	Yield
With water; potassium hydroxide; potassium borate buffer at 3℃; Product distribution; effect of use of various amino acid and NCA with various concentrations; effect of use various temp.; extent of hydrolysis;	A n/a B 83.9% C n/a D n/a

C6H13NO2*H3N*ClH → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With ruthenium nanoparticles dispersed in a polyvinylpyrrolidone matrix; amberlyst A-21 In methanol; dichloromethane	75%

(2S,3S)-3-methyl-2-ureidopentanoic acid (26117-19-1) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With NH4Cl-NH4OH buffer pH 8.5; nickel dichloride at 60℃; for 24h; N-carbamyl-L-amino acid aminohydrolase;	55%
With sodium phosphate buffer; N-carmamyl-L-amino acid aminohydrolase of Pseudomonas sp. strain NS671; water; manganese(II) at 30℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution;	17.1 mmol
With Tris-HCl buffer; N-carbamoyl-L-amino acid hydrolase; iron(II) sulfate at 30℃; for 2h;

DL-α-keto-β-methyl-n-valerate → isoleucine (319-78-8, 443-79-8, 1509-34-8, 1509-35-9, 3107-04-8, 7004-09-3, 73-32-5) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonium formate; tris hydrochloride; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; formate dehydrogenase; phenylalanine dehydrogenase In water at 30℃; for 24h;	A 50% B 48%

(2RS,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With C13H15NO5V(1-)*C16H36N(1+) In ethanol; water	A n/a B 50%
With C13H15NO5V(1-)*C16H36N(1+) In ethanol; water	A 24% B n/a

C7H16N2O*H(1+) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; Dowex 50W In toluene at 110℃;	34%

D-glucose (50-99-7) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With Escherichia coli TVD5 at 37℃; for 24h; biotransformation; Microbiological reaction;	25.5%

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24424-99-5) + N-chloro-(2S,3S)-amino-3-methyl-pentanoic acid ethyl ester (77120-55-9) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + (2S,3S)-1-tert-butyl 2-ethyl 3-methyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (411225-57-5)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: N-chloro-(2S,3S)-amino-3-methyl-pentanoic acid ethyl ester With sulfuric acid at 3 - 9℃; for 3h; UV-irradiation; Stage #2: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate With potassium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃; Further stages.;	A n/a B 25%

hydrogen cyanide (74-90-8) + (S)-2-methylbutyraldehyde (1730-97-8) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia durch Verseifung des entstandenen Aminonitrils mit Salzsaeure;

isoleucine (319-78-8, 443-79-8, 1509-34-8, 1509-35-9, 3107-04-8, 7004-09-3, 73-32-5) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
durch gaerende Hefe;
With D-amino acid oxide ase-substances Durch selektiven Abbau;

DL-isoleucine (73-32-5, 319-78-8, 443-79-8, 1509-34-8, 1509-35-9, 3107-04-8, 7004-09-3) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
fuehrt man dieses in Formyl-dl-isoleucin ueber und zerlegt letzteres in konz. alkoh. Loesung durch Brucin in die aktiven Komponenten;

N-formyl-L-isoleucine (4101-35-3, 89810-44-6) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen bromide

N-chloroacetyl-isoleucine (1115-24-8, 67253-30-9) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With acylase-I-substances Hydrolysis;

N-chloroacetyl-DL-isoleucine (1115-24-8, 67253-30-9) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + N-chloroacetyl-D-isoleucine (907582-60-9)

Conditions	Yield
bei der Einwirkung von Acylase-I-Praeparaten aus Schweinenieren;

N-isobutyryl-L-isoleucine anilide → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride

D-Glucose (2280-44-6) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + L-glutamic acid (56-86-0) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (657-27-2, 10098-89-2) + L-tyrosine (60-18-4)

Conditions	Yield
at 30℃; for 72h; Brevibacterium flavum, mutant strain AH-198, soybean-meal hydrolysate, (NH4)2SO4; Yield given. Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given;

DL-isoleucine (73-32-5, 319-78-8, 443-79-8, 1509-34-8, 1509-35-9, 3107-04-8, 7004-09-3) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-Isoleucine (319-78-8)

(S)-1-phenyl-ethylamine (2627-86-3) + 2-methyl-4-sec-butylidene-5-oxazolone → D-allo-isoleucine (1509-34-8) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-Isoleucine (319-78-8) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
Product distribution; Rate constant; multistep reaction;

(2S,3S)-2-Amino-1-((1R,5S,7S)-10,10-dimethyl-3,3-dioxo-3λ6-thia-4-aza-tricyclo[5.2.1.01,5]dec-4-yl)-3-methyl-pentan-1-one (129505-17-5) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5)

Conditions	Yield
With lithium hydroxide; ion exchange 1.) THF; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

carbon monoxide (201230-82-2) → L-serin (56-45-1) + L-threonine (72-19-5) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + L-Aspartic acid (56-84-8)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium molybdate; ammonium iron (II) sulfate; water; sodium carbonate; ammonium chloride; calcium chloride; magnesium chloride; zinc(II) chloride for 5h; Ambient temperature; Irradiation; pH=7.0; Further byproducts given;

(2S,3S)-2-{[1-(3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-phosphonooxymethyl-pyridin-4-yl)-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-amino}-3-methyl-pentanoic acid (80995-96-6) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (54-47-7)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 25℃; Equilibrium constant; Mechanism; over a wide pH range;
With phosphate buffer; Carbonate buffer at 25℃; Equilibrium constant; var. pH;

(2S,3R)-2-Azido-3-methyl-pentanoic acid (1R,2S,4S)-1-[(dicyclohexylsulfamoyl)-methyl]-7,7-dimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester (106749-12-6) → D-allo-isoleucine (1509-34-8) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-Isoleucine (319-78-8) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium tetrakis(benzyl alkoxide); hydrogen; Pd-BaSO4 1.) benzyl alcohol, 130 gradC 2.) EtOH, EtOAc, 1 atm, r.t.; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

N-(S)-2-methylbutylformamide (27395-04-6, 114284-90-1, 114284-91-2) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; Dowex 50(H+) at 100 - 110℃; for 24h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

N-((S)-1-Cyano-2-methyl-butyl)-acetamide (114284-92-3, 114284-93-4) → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; Dowex 50(H+) at 100 - 110℃; for 24h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

((S)-1-Cyano-2-methyl-butyl)-carbamic acid methyl ester → L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + D-alloisoleucine (1509-35-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; Dowex 50(H+) at 100 - 110℃; for 24h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

methanol (67-56-1) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → L-isoleucine methyl ester (2577-46-0)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: methanol With thionyl chloride at -15 - 0℃; for 1h; Stage #2: L-isoleucine for 3h; Reflux;	100%
With hydrogenchloride	96%
With thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 12h; Reflux;	95%

ethanol (64-17-5) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → L-isoleucine ethyl ester (921-74-4)

Conditions	Yield
With thionyl chloride for 38h; Heating;	100%
With thionyl chloride	100%
With thionyl chloride for 10h; Heating;	65%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24424-99-5) → N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-L-isoleucine (13139-16-7)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 24h;	100%
Stage #1: L-isoleucine With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0℃; Stage #2: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃;	100%
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0℃;	100%

phthalic anhydride (85-44-9) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → N-phthaloyl-L-isoleucine (29588-88-3)

Conditions	Yield
at 135℃;	100%
at 140℃; for 0.166667h;	99%
With triethylamine Inert atmosphere;	98%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + benzyl chloroformate (501-53-1) → N-Cbz-L-Isoleucine (3160-59-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 20℃;	100%
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; toluene at 0℃;	97%
With water; sodium hydrogencarbonate; sodium carbonate In acetone at 15 - 20℃; pH=8 - 10;	95%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (81-30-1) → 2,2'-(1,3,6,8-tetraoxo-1,3,6,8-tetrahydrobenzo[lmn][3,8]phenanthroline-2,7-diyl)bis(3-methylpentanoic acid) (1313710-81-4)

Conditions	Yield
In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 110℃; for 24h;	100%
With acetic acid for 36h; Reflux;	89%

5-phenylisoxazole-3-carbaldehyde (59985-82-9) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → C16H17N2O3(1-)*Li(1+)

Conditions	Yield
With lithium hydride In methanol Reflux;	100%

5-phenylisoxazole-3-carbaldehyde (59985-82-9) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → Na(1+)*C16H17N2O3(1-)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium methylate In methanol Reflux;	100%

5-phenylisoxazole-3-carbaldehyde (59985-82-9) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → Cs(1+)*C16H17N2O3(1-)

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In methanol Reflux;	100%

5-phenylisoxazole-3-carbaldehyde (59985-82-9) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → Ca(2+)*2C16H17N2O3(1-)

Conditions	Yield
With calcium hydride In methanol Reflux;	100%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carbaldehyde (640292-02-0) → C17H19N2O3(1-)*Li(1+)

Conditions	Yield
With lithium hydride In methanol Reflux;	100%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carbaldehyde (640292-02-0) → C17H19N2O3(1-)*Na(1+)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium methylate In methanol Reflux;	100%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carbaldehyde (640292-02-0) → C17H19N2O3(1-)*Cs(1+)

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In methanol Reflux;	100%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carbaldehyde (640292-02-0) → 2C17H19N2O3(1-)*Ca(2+)

Conditions	Yield
With calcium hydride In methanol Reflux;	100%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate (32315-10-9) → (S)-4-((S)-sec-butyl)oxazolidine-2,5-dione (5860-63-9, 45895-88-3, 45895-89-4, 45895-90-7, 51829-75-5)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at 50℃; for 4.5h; Inert atmosphere;	100%

nicotinic acid (59-67-6) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → (1S,2S)-1-carboxy-2-methylbutan-1-aminium nicotinate

Conditions	Yield
In water for 0.166667h; pH=Ca. 2.3 - 3.3; Cooling with ice;	100%

methanol (67-56-1) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → methyl L-isoleucinate hydrochloride (18598-74-8)

Conditions	Yield
With acetyl chloride for 18h; Reflux;	99%
With hydrogenchloride Ambient temperature;	98%
Stage #1: methanol With thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: L-isoleucine In methanol at 0℃;	97.5%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → (2S,3S)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid (488-15-3, 59653-35-9, 70748-47-9, 86540-81-0, 86630-77-5, 51576-04-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; sodium nitrite In water at 0 - 20℃;	99%
With sulfuric acid; sodium nitrite at 0 - 20℃; for 18h;	92%
With sulfuric acid; water; sodium nitrite at 60℃; Flow reactor;	92%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → (2S,3S)-2-azido-3-methylpentanoic acid (159407-40-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium azide; copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride; potassium carbonate In methanol; dichloromethane; water at 0 - 20℃; for 16h;	99%
With sodium azide; trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride; copper sulfate pentahydrate; potassium carbonate In dichloromethane; water at 20℃; for 16h;	99%
With sodium azide; copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride; potassium carbonate In dichloromethane; water at 0 - 20℃; for 16h;	99%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 4-(phenylacetoxy)benzyl-L-phenylalanine (192999-60-3) → 4-(phenylacetoxy)benzyl-Phe-Ile-OH

Conditions	Yield
With HEPES-buffer; calcium chloride; thermolysin In ethyl acetate at 40℃; for 48h; pH=6.5;	99%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-alanine p-nitrophenyl ester (2483-49-0) → Boc-Ala-Ile-OH (70396-21-3)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: L-isoleucine With calcium hydroxide In water at 20℃; Stage #2: tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-alanine p-nitrophenyl ester In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25℃; for 24h;	99%

L-leucine (61-90-5) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + malonic acid (141-82-2) + L-valinal (98137-41-8) + Fmoc-Asn(PG)-OH + Fmoc-Ser(PG)-OH + Fmoc-Lys(PG)-OH + Fmoc-Asp(PG)-OH → (Ac)-NSLKIDNLDV-CONH2 (1571091-79-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: L-valinal With benzotriazol-1-ol; O-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide Stage #2: With piperidine for 0.333333h; Microwave irradiation; Stage #3: L-leucine; L-isoleucine; malonic acid; Fmoc-Asn(PG)-OH; Fmoc-Ser(PG)-OH; Fmoc-Lys(PG)-OH; Fmoc-Asp(PG)-OH Further stages;	99%

...Expand

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + triflic azide (3855-45-6) → (2S,3S)-2-azido-3-methylpentanoic acid (159407-40-6)

Conditions	Yield
With copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; potassium carbonate In methanol; water at 20℃; for 16h;	99%
With copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; potassium carbonate In methanol; dichloromethane; water at 20℃;	75%

pyridine-4-carbaldehyde (872-85-5) + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → C12H18N2O2

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: pyridine-4-carbaldehyde; L-isoleucine With sodium carbonate In water at 60℃; for 3h; Stage #2: With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 0℃;	98.15%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (98-59-9) → 3-methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pentanoic acid (34235-81-9)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 110℃; for 0.0833333h; Microwave irradiation; Green chemistry; chemoselective reaction;	98%
With sodium carbonate In water for 5h;	95.74%
With sodium carbonate In water for 4h;	95.74%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) + 4-(phenylacetoxy)benzyl-L-methionine (448211-74-3) → 4-(phenylacetoxy)benzyl-Met-Ile-OH

Conditions	Yield
With HEPES-buffer; calcium chloride; thermolysin In ethyl acetate at 40℃; for 24h; pH=6.5;	98%

L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → (+)-(S)-2-methylbutane nitrile (25570-03-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide; trichloroisocyanuric acid at 25℃; for 0.5h;	98%
With trichloroisocyanuric acid; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 5 - 15℃; for 3.25h;	93.2%
With ammonium bromide In methanol; water Electrochemical reaction;	86%

3,5-dioxopiperidine-1-carboxylic acid 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl ester + L-isoleucine (73-32-5) → 5-(1-carboxy-2-methyl-butylamino)-3-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-carboxylic acid 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl ester (811450-60-9)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol at 60℃;	98%

Upstream product

• 91741-17-2 DL-isoleucyl-leucyl anhydride 
• 7664-93-9 sulfuric acid 
• 1730-97-8 (S)-2-methylbutyraldehyde 
• 61548-98-9 C₉H₉NO₂C₂H₃CHC 
• 67000-01-5 methyltertbutyl ether 
• 74-90-8 hydrogen cyanide 
• 73-32-5 DL-isoleucine 
• 2627-86-3 (S)-1-phenyl-ethylamine 
• 79893-08-6 2-methyl-4-sec-butylidene-5-oxazolone 
• 114284-92-3 N-((S)-1-Cyano-2-methyl-butyl)-acetamide 
• 40856-75-5 5-(2-methylpropyl)-2,4-imidazolidinedione 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 10028-15-6 ozone 
• 27778-66-1 (-)-(5S,6S)-3-acetyl-5-s-butylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione 

Downstream Products

• 2577-46-0 L-isoleucine methyl ester 
• 18598-74-8 methyl L-isoleucinate hydrochloride 
• 2577-46-0 DL-isoleucine methyl ester 
• 5860-63-9 (RS)-4-((RS)-sec-butyl)-oxazolidine-2,5-dione 
• 921-74-4 L-isoleucine ethyl ester 
• 96-17-3 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 
• 73-32-5 L-isoleucine 
• 921-48-2 1-chloro-2-methylbutanecarboxylic acid 
• 1730-96-7 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of (2S)-2-methyl-1-butanal 
• 13139-16-7 N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-L-isoleucine 
• 1460-34-0 2-oxo-3(RS)-methylvaleric acid 
• 26117-19-1 (2S,3S)-3-methyl-2-ureidopentanoic acid 
• 488-15-3 (2S,3S)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 
• 7407-67-2 N-[(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-acetyl]-L-isoleucine 

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Four cyclic octapeptides, squamins C–F, were isolated from the seeds of Annona globiflora Schltdl. These compounds share part of their amino acid sequence, -Pro-Met(O)-Tyr-Gly-Thr-, with previously reported squamins A and B. Their structures were determined using NMR spectroscopic techniques together with quantum mechanical calculations (QM-NMR), ESI-HRMS data and a modified version of Marfey's chromatographic method. All compounds showed cytotoxic activity against DU-145 (human prostate cancer) and HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) cell lines. Clearly, A. globiflora is an important source of bioactive molecules, which could promote the sustainable exploitation of this undervalued specie.

Cyclic Tetrapeptides with Synergistic Antifungal Activity from the Fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae Using LC-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking

Fungal natural products play a prominent role in the development of pharmaceuticalagents. Two new cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs), westertide A (1) and B (2), with eight known compounds (3-10) were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae guided by

Leveraging Peptaibol Biosynthetic Promiscuity for Next-Generation Antiplasmodial Therapeutics

Malaria remains a worldwide threat, afflicting over 200 million people each year. The emergence of drug resistance against existing therapeutics threatens to destabilize global efforts aimed at controlling Plasmodium spp. parasites, which is expected to leave vast portions of humanity unprotected against the disease. To address this need, systematic testing of a fungal natural product extract library assembled through the University of Oklahoma Citizen Science Soil Collection Program has generated an initial set of bioactive extracts that exhibit potent antiplasmodial activity (EC50 25 μM, selectivity index > 250). The unique chemodiversity afforded by these fungal isolates serves to unlock new opportunities for translating peptaibols into a bioactive scaffold worthy of further development.