Thiol / thiol
Thiols are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a sulfhydryl group (-SH), where a sulfur atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom and an alkyl or aryl group. Thiols are analogous to alcohols (which have an -OH group) but with sulfur replacing oxygen. They are notable for their distinct, often pungent odor, reminiscent of garlic or rotten eggs, especially in low molecular weight forms. Thiols exhibit unique chemical properties due to the polarizability of the sulfur-hydrogen bond and the nucleophilicity of the sulfur atom, making them important in biological processes, such as enzyme catalysis and protein structure stabilization. In industry, thiols are used in the production of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and as additives to control the odor of natural gas.
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