865-49-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Method for Small-Scale Production of Deuterochloroform
Tansukawat, Natha D.,See, Alyaa E.,Jiranuntarat, Sadudee,Corbin, Joshua R.,Schomaker, Jennifer M.
, p. 8739 - 8742 (2018)
Deuterochloroform (CDCl3) is a common deuterated solvent for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The synthesis of significant amounts of CDCl3 for both research use and large undergraduate organic laboratories in a safe and in
H/D Exchange Reaction between CHCl3 and D2O in Two-Liquid-Phase System
Iwasaki, Matae,Sakka, Tetsuo,Ohashi, Shigeyuki,Matsushita, Hiroshi,Yokoyama, Atsushi,Suzuki, Kazuya
, p. 5139 - 5143 (1989)
The kinetics of hydrogen isotope exchange between CHCl3 and D2O has been studied by using a system which is composed of two liquid phases, a chloroform phase and an aqueous phase.The area of the interface between these two phases was kept constant (5.7 x 10-3 m2) during the reaction, where the reaction may be controlled by the interfacial transfer of chloroform.The isotopic content of chloroform in the chloroform phase was determined by an infrared absorption measurement.After the reaction, disappearance of deuteroxide ion was observed, which is caused by the chloroform hydrolysis reaction.The experimental results are reasonably explained on the basis of the model in which the reaction process is assumed to be composed of two steps: interfacial transfer of chloroform from the chloroform phase to the aqueous phase or vice versa, and the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between CHCl3 and D2O in the aqueous phase.The rate constants for the interfacial transfer of chloroform and for the exchange reaction in the aqueous phase at 26.0 deg C were 0.107 +/- 0.003 m-2s-1 and 0.231 +/- 0.013 Lmol-1s-1, respectively.
A straightforward catalytic approach to obtain deuterated chloroform at room temperature
Higuera-Padilla, Angel Ruben,Kock, Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo,Batista, Alzir Azevedo,Colnago, Luiz Alberto
, p. 917 - 920 (2020)
We report the catalytic activity for the complexes—cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(bipy)] (A), and [η6-(p-cymene)Ru (dppb)Cl]PF6 (B), wherein dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane, and bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine—for the synthesis of CDCl3 from CHCl3 using D2O as deuterium source. H/D exchange reactions were performed using a chloroform/D2O, 1:2 molar ratio, vigorously stirred, at room temperature. One mole of KOH was dissolved in D2O fraction and catalytic complexes from 0.002 to 0.05 mmol were dissolved in chloroform. The H/D exchange reactions were monitored using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance sequences without proton decoupling. The reaction using 0.01 mmol of compound A reached approximately 55percent of H/D conversion in 1 h. In the same time, the reactions with 0.002 mmol of compound A and without catalyst show approximately 28percent and 3percent H/D exchange, respectively. Without the catalysts, the H/D exchange was only 12.0percent in 5 h. For compound B, 55percent H/D conversion was observed in 1 h, only when 0.05 mmol was used, which is much higher catalyst concentration. After the isolation of the chloroform fraction and two more addition of D2O, it was possible to obtain 95.0percent H/D exchange in approximately 3 h, using 0.01 mmol of the compound A. Therefore, compound A is an efficient catalyst for a rapid and straightforward synthesis of CDCl3 from CHCl3 at room temperature and using D2O as deuterium source.
Novel chiral derivatizing reagent for the determination of enantiomeric excesses
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, (2008/06/13)
A method for the determination of the enantiomeric composition of a chiral compound comprising (a) derivatising said chiral compound with a enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure compound of general formula I and (b) analysing the resulting mixture by an analytic technique. wherein Ar is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group.
Mechanisms and Products of Surface-Mediated Reductive Dehalogenation of Carbon Tetrachloride by Fe(II) on Goethite
Elsner, Martin,Haderlein, Stefan B.,Kellerhals, Thomas,Luzi, Samuel,Zwank, Luc,Angst, Werner,Schwarzenbach, Rene P.
, p. 2058 - 2066 (2008/12/21)
Aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, including CCl4, are widespread groundwater contaminants. Mechanisms and product formation of CCl4 reduction by Fe(II) sorbed to goethite, which may lead to completely dehalogenated products or to form chloroform, a toxic product that is fairly persistent under anoxic conditions, were studied. A simultaneous transfer of two electrons and cleavage of two C-Cl bonds of CCl4 would completely circumvent chloroform production. Product formation pathways did not primarily depend on the competition between an initial one- and two-electron transfer, but on the presence of different radical scavengers and the properties of the mineral surface with respect to stabilization of reaction intermediates. Specific adsorption of major anions or pH effects could modify the capability of the goethite surface to stabilize short-lived radical intermediates.
Organophotoreceptor with a compound having a toluidine group
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, (2008/06/13)
An improved organophotoreceptor comprises an electrically conductive substrate and a photoconductive element on the electrically conductive substrate wherein the photoconductive element comprisesa) a charge transport material with the following formula where R1 and R2 are, independently, a carbazolyl group, an (N,N-disubstituted) aminoaryl group, such as a triphenyl amine group, or a julolidine group, and R3 and R4 are, independently, hydrogen, branched or linear alkyl group (e.g., a C1-C20 alkyl group), branched or linear unsaturated hydrocarbon group, cycloalkyl group (e.g. cyclohexyl group), or aryl group (e.g., phenyl group, naphthyl group, stilbenyl group, (9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)benzyl group, or tolanyl group);(b) an optional charge transport compound; and(c) a charge generating compound.
BENZOXAZOLE COMPOUND, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND HERBICIDE
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to benzoxazole compounds represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 to R4 may be the same or different from each other, and each represent a hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, haloalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, R12S(O)n, alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino group, -NHCOR11 or carbonyl group, where R11 and R12 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 2, A represents a single bond, CHR5-Y, CR5=CR6, CR5R7-CHR6 or CHR5, where R5 represents a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, halogen atom or alkyl group, R6 and R7 each represent a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, alkyl group, halogen atom or substituted sulfonyloxy group, Y represents O, S or NH, and W represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring or hetero ring, and processes for preparing the same.
Substituted tetrahydronaphthaline and analogous compounds
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, (2008/06/13)
Substituted tetrahydro-naphthalenes and analogous compounds are prepared by reducing or condensing appropriate functional substituents in substituted tetrahydro-naphthalenes and analogous compounds by customary methods and converting functional groups in this manner into the desired groups. The compounds according to the invention are suitable for use as active compounds in pharmaceuticals, in particular in pharmaceuticals for treating arteriosclerosis and also dyslipidaemias.
Chemokine receptor antagonists and methods of use therefor
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, (2008/06/13)
Disclosed are novel compounds and a method of treating a disease associated with aberrant leukocyte recruitment and/or activation. The method comprises administering to a subject in need an effective amount of a compound represented by: and physiologically acceptable salts thereof.
Solvent-free mechanochemical preparation of phosphonium salts, phosphorus ylides, and olefins
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention provides a method of preparing a phosphonium salt of the formula [R1R2R3P—CR4R5R6]X, comprising ball-milling a phosphine of the formula R1R2R3P with a compound of the formula XCR4R5R6; a method of preparing a phosphorus ylide of the formula R1R2R3P═CR4R5, comprising ball-milling a phosphonium salt of the formula [R1R2R3P—HCR4R5]X in the presence of a base; and a method of preparing an olefin of the formula R4R5C═CR7H or R4R5C═CR7R8, comprising ball-milling a phosphorus ylide of the formula R1R2R3P═CR4R5 with a compound of the formula R7C(O)H or R7C(O)R8. The inventive method produces phosphonium salts and phosphorus ylides by mechanical processing solid reagents under solvent-free conditions. The advantages of the present invention over conventional solution methods, include: (1) extremely high selectivity; (2) high yields; (3) low processing temperatures; (4) simple and scalable reactions using commercially available equipment; and (5) the complete elimination of solvents from the reaction.
