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2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an organic chemical compound that consists of two carboxylic acid groups attached to a central furan ring. It is a renewable resource, identified by the US Department of Energy as one of 12 priority chemicals for establishing the "green" chemistry industry of the future. FDCA is a chemical intermediate with high sensitivity and good stability, soluble in water under alkaline conditions, and appears as a white powder solid under acidic conditions. It is an important monomer for the preparation of corrosion-resistant plastics and is irritating to eyes, respiratory tract, and skin.

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  • 3238-40-2 Structure
  • Basic information

    1. Product Name: 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid
    2. Synonyms: Furane-alpha,alpha'-dicarboxylic acid;RARECHEM AL BO 0910;FURAN-2,5-DICARBOXYLIC ACID;DEHYDROMUCIC ACID;2,5-FURANDICARBOXYLIC ACID;Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid 97%;2,3-furandicarboxylic acid;5-Furandicarboxylic acid
    3. CAS NO:3238-40-2
    4. Molecular Formula: C6H4O5
    5. Molecular Weight: 156.09
    6. EINECS: 221-800-8
    7. Product Categories: Aromatic Carboxylic Acids, Amides, Anilides, Anhydrides & Salts;Carboxylic Acids;Furans, Benzofurans & Dihydrobenzofurans;Furans;aldehydes;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Mutagenesis Research Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;Carboxylic Acids;Furans, Benzofurans & Dihydrobenzofurans
    8. Mol File: 3238-40-2.mol
  • Chemical Properties

    1. Melting Point: >310°C (dec.)
    2. Boiling Point: 240.29°C (rough estimate)
    3. Flash Point: 207.3 °C
    4. Appearance: White powder
    5. Density: 1.7400
    6. Vapor Pressure: 8.9E-08mmHg at 25°C
    7. Refractive Index: 1.6400 (estimate)
    8. Storage Temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under Inert Atmosphere
    9. Solubility: DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly Sonicated)
    10. PKA: 2.28±0.10(Predicted)
    11. Water Solubility: 1g/L(18 oC)
    12. Stability: Light Sensitive, Very Hygroscopic
    13. CAS DataBase Reference: 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid(CAS DataBase Reference)
    14. NIST Chemistry Reference: 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid(3238-40-2)
    15. EPA Substance Registry System: 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid(3238-40-2)
  • Safety Data

    1. Hazard Codes: Xi
    2. Statements: 36/37/38-36
    3. Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-36/37
    4. WGK Germany: 1
    5. RTECS:
    6. TSCA: Yes
    7. HazardClass: IRRITANT
    8. PackingGroup: N/A
    9. Hazardous Substances Data: 3238-40-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

3238-40-2 Usage

Uses

Used in Polymer Synthesis:
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid is used as a green, sustainable alternative to petroleum-based terephthalic acid in the synthesis of polyesters. It is produced from the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which is obtained from the dehydration of bio-based sugars such as fructose.
Used in Bio-based Polyesters:
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid is used as a precursor for the synthesis of bio-based polyesters and various other polymers, offering a renewable and greener substitute for terephthalate.
Used in Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs):
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid is used in the synthesis of several metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), expanding its applications in material science and chemical engineering.

Preparation

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) can be produced from biomass or its derived sugars or platform chemicals, and has demonstrated to be a very promising substitute for petroleum-derived polymer products.Chapter 5 - Advances in the synthesis and application of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid

Synthesis Reference(s)

Tetrahedron Letters, 26, p. 1777, 1985 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)98336-9

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Solubility in organics

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) serves as a monomer in various polyesters and is often obtained through the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. In pure solvents and binary mixtures, the solubility of FDCA increased with the increasing temperature. The order from largest to smallest solubility in pure solvents was as follows: methanol, 1-butanol, isobutanol, acetic acid, water, MIBK, ethyl acetate, and acetonitrile.https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.7b00927

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 3238-40-2 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 3,2,3 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 3238-40:
(6*3)+(5*2)+(4*3)+(3*8)+(2*4)+(1*0)=72
72 % 10 = 2
So 3238-40-2 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C6H4O5/c7-5(8)3-1-2-4(11-3)6(9)10/h1-2H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)

3238-40-2 Well-known Company Product Price

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  • Alfa Aesar

  • (H28718)  Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, 98%   

  • 3238-40-2

  • 1g

  • 629.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (H28718)  Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, 98%   

  • 3238-40-2

  • 5g

  • 1934.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (722081)  2,5-Furandicarboxylicacid  97%

  • 3238-40-2

  • 722081-5G

  • 2,036.97CNY

  • Detail

3238-40-2SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 13, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 13, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names Dehydroschleimsaeure

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:3238-40-2 SDS

3238-40-2Synthetic route

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde
67-47-0

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Mg-Al hydrotalcite; oxygen In water at 140℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 38h; Autoclave;100%
With sodium carbonate at 80 - 120℃; under 30003 Torr; for 4h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;100%
With oxygen at 80℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 30h; Catalytic behavior; Time;100%
2,5-diformylfurane
823-82-5

2,5-diformylfurane

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica; dihydrogen peroxide In ethyl acetate; tert-butyl alcohol at 40℃; for 24h; Enzymatic reaction;100%
With oxygen In aq. phosphate buffer; acetonitrile at 37℃; pH=7; pH-value; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Enzymatic reaction;99%
With NADH oxidase and vanillin dehydrogenase 2 co-expressed in Escherichia coli cells In aq. phosphate buffer at 30℃; for 12h; pH=7; Microbiological reaction;96%
5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid
13529-17-4

5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With NADH oxidase and vanillin dehydrogenase 2 co-expressed in Escherichia coli cells In aq. phosphate buffer at 30℃; for 12h; pH=7; Microbiological reaction;99%
With platinum; oxygen; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 100℃; under 760.051 Torr; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst;95.1%
With sodium hypochlorite In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25℃; for 24h; Reagent/catalyst;95%
2,5-bis-(hydroxymethyl)furan
1883-75-6

2,5-bis-(hydroxymethyl)furan

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 90℃; for 10h; Catalytic behavior;99%
With C24H33IrN4O3; water; sodium carbonate for 18h; Reflux;88%
With recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase In aq. phosphate buffer at 25℃; for 15h; pH=7; Enzymatic reaction;4.4%
2-acetyl-5-furancarboxylic acid
13341-77-0

2-acetyl-5-furancarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With cesium hydroxide; sodium hypoiodite In 1,4-dioxane; water at 100℃; pH=7; Solvent; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;99%
With oxygen; cobalt(II) acetate; manganese(II) acetate; acetic acid; sodium bromide at 240℃; for 6h; Temperature;98%
With ammonium hydroxide; iodine; potassium iodide In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; pH=7; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;90%
2-furanoic acid
88-14-2

2-furanoic acid

carbon dioxide
124-38-9

carbon dioxide

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Pd/G In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave; Sealed tube; Green chemistry;98%
With Pd/4A molecular sieve catalyst In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 70 - 100℃; under 75.0075 Torr; for 1.66667h; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Molecular sieve; Large scale;98.8%
Stage #1: 2-furanoic acid With potassium carbonate; caesium carbonate In water Green chemistry;
Stage #2: carbon dioxide at 260 - 285℃; under 6000.6 Torr; for 24h; Flow reactor; Green chemistry;
Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water pH=2; Reagent/catalyst; Pressure; Temperature; Green chemistry;
89%
furan
110-00-9

furan

carbon dioxide
124-38-9

carbon dioxide

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Pd/G at 100℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave; Sealed tube; Green chemistry;98.6%
With 4Å molecular sieve impregnated with palladium at 100℃; for 1.66667h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Flow reactor; Large scale;98.6%
5-bromo-furan-2-carboxylic acid
585-70-6

5-bromo-furan-2-carboxylic acid

carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With disodium hydrogenphosphate; palladium(II) trifluoroacetate In water at 90℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature;97%
With potassium carbonate; triphenylphosphine; 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; palladium dichloride In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 12h; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;91%
2-ethyl-5-methylfuran
1703-52-2

2-ethyl-5-methylfuran

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dihydrogen peroxide In water at 60℃; for 3h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Solvent;95.3%
5-chloromethylfurfural
1623-88-7

5-chloromethylfurfural

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel(III) oxide; sodium hypochlorite In water at 20℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 0.5h; Reagent/catalyst;95.23%
With nitric acid In water at 80℃; for 24h;59%
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: acetonitrile / 0.17 h / 20 °C
2: sodium hydrogencarbonate; oxygen; water; 10 wt% platinum on carbon / 2 h / 70 °C
View Scheme
2-furoic acid methyl ester
611-13-2

2-furoic acid methyl ester

acetic anhydride
108-24-7

acetic anhydride

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 2-furoic acid methyl ester; acetic anhydride With aluminium(III) chloride hexahydrate In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 4h;
Stage #2: With sodium hypochlorite; water; sodium hydroxide at 0℃; for 2h;
95%
5-(methoxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde
1917-64-2

5-(methoxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel(III) oxide; sodium hypochlorite In water at 20℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 0.5h; Reagent/catalyst;94.56%
2-furoic acid methyl ester
611-13-2

2-furoic acid methyl ester

acetyl chloride
75-36-5

acetyl chloride

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 2-furoic acid methyl ester; acetyl chloride With iron(III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 4h;
Stage #2: With sodium hypochlorite; water; sodium hydroxide at 0℃; for 2h; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst;
94%
5-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)-2-furancarboxylic acid

5-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)-2-furancarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; sodium carbonate In water at 139.84℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 15h; Kinetics; Autoclave;94%
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde
67-47-0

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde

oxygen
80937-33-3

oxygen

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With CoFe Prussian Blue Analogue film/Ni foam In water for 2.66667h; Electrochemical reaction;94%
2,5-bis-(hydroxymethyl)furan
1883-75-6

2,5-bis-(hydroxymethyl)furan

A

5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid
13529-17-4

5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid

B

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 90℃; for 10h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst;A 6%
B 93%
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 0.5 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
2: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 1 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 0.5 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
2: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 4 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 1 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
2: recombinant 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase / aq. phosphate buffer / 1 h / 25 °C / pH 7 / Enzymatic reaction
View Scheme
With 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; laccase from Trametes versicolor In aq. phosphate buffer at 25℃; for 24h; pH=6;
furan-2-carboxylic acid amide
609-38-1

furan-2-carboxylic acid amide

Acetyl bromide
506-96-7

Acetyl bromide

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: furan-2-carboxylic acid amide; Acetyl bromide With trifluoroacetic acid In benzene at -2 - 0℃; for 8h;
Stage #2: With water; sodium methylate; chlorine at 40℃; for 3.5h;
93%
α-ketoglutarate
25466-26-6

α-ketoglutarate

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminium(III) triflate; acetic acid at 120℃; under 15001.5 Torr; for 3h; Concentration;93%
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde
67-47-0

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde

A

5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid
13529-17-4

5-Formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid

B

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In water at 99.84℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 12h; Reagent/catalyst;A n/a
B 92%
With 50% Fe-CeO2-500 °C; oxygen; potassium carbonate In methanol at 150℃; under 7600.51 Torr; for 10h; Temperature; Time; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; Overall yield = 98.2%;A 89.6%
B 5.5%
With oxygen; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 100℃; under 30003 Torr; for 6h; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;A 8%
B 84%
4-deoxy-5-dehydroglucaric acid dipotassium salt

4-deoxy-5-dehydroglucaric acid dipotassium salt

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen bromide; acetic acid In water at 60℃; for 4h; Concentration; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;91%
With hydrogen bromide; acetic acid In water at 60℃; for 4h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Solvent;
With hydrogen bromide; acetic acid In water at 60℃; for 4h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature;
C14H20O5

C14H20O5

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water; sodium hydroxide In methanol at 100℃; for 12h;91%
5-acetoxymethyl-2-furaldehyde
10551-58-3

5-acetoxymethyl-2-furaldehyde

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; acetic acid; peracetic acid; manganese(II) acetate; cobalt(II) diacetate tetrahydrate at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Autoclave;90.2%
With oxygen; acetic acid; peracetic acid; manganese(II) acetate; cobalt(II) diacetate tetrahydrate at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Autoclave;90.2%
With manganese; oxygen; cobalt; acetic acid at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; Concentration;90.2%
furfural
98-01-1

furfural

carbon dioxide
124-38-9

carbon dioxide

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen at 100℃; under 6750.68 Torr; for 16h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave;90.1%
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde
67-47-0

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde

A

2,5-diformylfurane
823-82-5

2,5-diformylfurane

B

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With methylammonium lead bromide In acetonitrile at 15℃; for 10h; Irradiation;A 90%
B n/a
With oxygen at 110℃; for 12h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature;A 86.2%
B 11.7%
With oxygen In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 120℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 4h; Solvent; Time; Pressure; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; Green chemistry;A 82.1%
B 11.5%
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde
67-47-0

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde

A

5-hydroxymethyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid
6338-41-6

5-hydroxymethyl-furan-2-carboxylic acid

B

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In water at 90℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 8h; Reagent/catalyst;A 8%
B 90%
With sodium hydroxide In water at 30℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 4h;A 89%
B 5%
With oxygen In water at 29.84℃; for 7h;A 87%
B 7%
2-dichloroacetyl-5-furancarboxylic acid

2-dichloroacetyl-5-furancarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hypobromide; water; potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 140℃; pH=7;90%
furfural
98-01-1

furfural

oxalyl dichloride
79-37-8

oxalyl dichloride

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: furfural; oxalyl dichloride With hydrogenchloride In water; ethyl acetate at -20 - -4℃; for 10h;
Stage #2: With sodium hypochlorite; water; potassium hydrogencarbonate at 100℃; for 4h;
90%
5-bromomethyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde
39131-44-7

5-bromomethyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel(III) oxide; sodium hypochlorite In water at 20℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 0.5h; Reagent/catalyst;89.14%
5-(ethoxymethyl)furfural
1917-65-3

5-(ethoxymethyl)furfural

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; acetic acid; peracetic acid; manganese(II) acetate; cobalt(II) diacetate tetrahydrate at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Autoclave;89%
With oxygen; acetic acid; peracetic acid; manganese(II) acetate; cobalt(II) diacetate tetrahydrate at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Autoclave;89%
With manganese; oxygen; cobalt; acetic acid at 130℃; under 7483.15 Torr; Temperature; Concentration;88.8%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

C6H8O5*2H3N

C6H8O5*2H3N

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen; acetic acid at 60℃; for 69h;
Stage #2: With ammonia In water at 20℃; for 0.5h;
100%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

1-Decanol
112-30-1

1-Decanol

didecyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate

didecyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid at 120℃; under 375.038 Torr; for 8h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;99.5%
With 1-methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium hydrogensulfate at 140℃; for 10h;
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester
4282-32-0

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid for 3h; Reflux;99%
With aluminum(III) sulphate octadecahydrate at 150℃; for 0.416667h; Sealed tube; Microwave irradiation;98.5%
With gallium(III) triflate at 175℃; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;95%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

butan-1-ol
71-36-3

butan-1-ol

2,5-furandicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester
107821-25-0

2,5-furandicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Silarox 30/350 at 250℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 3h; Product distribution / selectivity;99%
silica-alumina at 250℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 3h; Product distribution / selectivity;99%
With sulfuric acid In toluene Dean-Stark;80%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

carbonic acid dimethyl ester
616-38-6

carbonic acid dimethyl ester

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester
4282-32-0

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With tetramethylammonium bromide; lithium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 150℃; for 10.5h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent;98.62%
With magnesium doped aluminia; tetrabutylammomium bromide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 150℃; for 6h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;66.68%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester
4282-32-0

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In diethyl ether at -78℃;98%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

diethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate
53662-83-2

diethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid In water at 78℃; for 67h; Dean-Stark;98%
With sulfuric acid for 18h; Reflux; Inert atmosphere;98%
Silarox 30/350 at 220℃; under 11251.1 Torr; for 4h; Product distribution / selectivity;97%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

2,5-diformylfurane
823-82-5

2,5-diformylfurane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With zinc(II) chloride In dichloromethane; dimethyl sulfoxide for 0.383333h;98%
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

aluminium monohydroxide diacetate
20812-90-2, 51092-72-9, 51092-73-0

aluminium monohydroxide diacetate

C6H2O5(2-)*Al(3+)*HO(1-)

C6H2O5(2-)*Al(3+)*HO(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water for 24h; Reflux;93%
In water at 100℃; for 96h;
furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid
3238-40-2

furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid

scandium (III) chloride hexahydrate

scandium (III) chloride hexahydrate

water
7732-18-5

water

2Sc(3+)*2H2O*3C6H2O5(2-)

2Sc(3+)*2H2O*3C6H2O5(2-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120℃; for 24h; Sealed tube; High pressure;93%

3238-40-2Relevant articles and documents

Tunable mixed oxides based on CeO2 for the selective aerobic oxidation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural to FDCA in water

Ventura, Maria,Nocito, Francesco,De Giglio, Elvira,Cometa, Stefania,Altomare, Angela,Dibenedetto, Angela

, p. 3921 - 3926 (2018)

Chemicals derived from 5-HMF, via selective oxidation of its pending arms are becoming increasingly important due to their applications. This paper discusses the use of Earth crust abundant new mixed oxides based on CeO2 able to perform the selective oxidation of 5-HMF to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (99%), in water, using oxygen as the oxidant.

Salt-mediated synthesis of bimetallic networks with structural defects and their enhanced catalytic performances

Zhang, Pei,Zhang, Xiudong,Kang, Xinchen,Liu, Huizhen,Chen, Chunjun,Xie, Chao,Han, Buxing

, p. 12065 - 12068 (2018)

A method to synthesize bimetallic alloys with tunable morphologies and controlled structural defects was proposed using the characteristics of emulsions tailored by salts. AuPd and PtPd nanowire networks with abundant structural defects exhibited outstanding catalytic performances for oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, because of the strong ability to generate radicals.

Surface modification of ferrite nanoparticles with dicarboxylic acids for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: A novel and green protocol

Shaikh, Melad,Sahu, Mahendra,Atyam, Kiran Kumar,Ranganath, Kalluri V. S.

, p. 76795 - 76801 (2016)

Surface modification of nanomaterials is one of the rapidly growing research areas. Ferrite nanoparticles (inverse spinels) with an average diameter of about 14 nm were modified with various structurally divergent dicarboxylic acids. Successful surface modification allows them to prevent the nanoparticle aggregation. The modified materials showed good catalytic activity in the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) under solvent free conditions for the first time. 5-HMF was synthesized in high yields under heterogeneous conditions. The flexible ligand-modified ferrites showed better catalytic activity than the rigid ligand-modified ferrites.

Aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) effectively catalyzed by a Ce0.8Bi0.2O2-δ supported Pt catalyst at room temperature

Miao, Zhenzhen,Wu, Tianxiao,Li, Jingwei,Yi, Ting,Zhang, Yibo,Yang, Xiangguang

, p. 19823 - 19829 (2015)

The oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) was efficiently catalyzed when Pt nanoparticles (NPs) were supported onto a Ce0.8Bi0.2O2-δ solid solution. 98% yield of FDCA was achieved within 30 min at room temperature and the catalyst was reused five times without much loss of FDCA selectivity. It is the first report on the oxidation of HMF, an alcohol and an aldehyde, effectively catalyzed by a ceria-based material supported Pt catalyst. The individual properties of the Pt NPs and the ceria-based support were retained and not affected after their combination. The superior oxygen activation ability of the Bi-doped ceria thoroughly changed the performance of the ceria supported Pt catalyst. Pt NPs were responsible for the formation of the Pt-alkoxide intermediate, followed by β-H elimination with the help of hydroxide ions. Bi-containing ceria accelerated the oxygen reduction process because of the presence of a large amount of oxygen vacancies and the cleavage of the peroxide intermediate promoted by bismuth. These specific functions were well incorporated during the catalytic oxidation cycle, leading to the generation of the highly efficient Pt/Ce0.8Bi0.2O2-δ catalyst for HMF oxidation at room temperature. This journal is

Aerobic Oxidation of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural Cyclic Acetal Enables Selective Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid Formation with CeO2-Supported Gold Catalyst

Kim, Minjune,Su, Yaqiong,Fukuoka, Atsushi,Hensen, Emiel J. M.,Nakajima, Kiyotaka

, p. 8235 - 8239 (2018)

The utilization of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) for the large-scale production of essential chemicals has been largely limited by the formation of solid humin as a byproduct, which prevents the operation of stepwise batch-type and continuous flow-type processes. The reaction of HMF with 1,3-propanediol produces an HMF acetal derivative that exhibits excellent thermal stability. Aerobic oxidation of the HMF acetal with a CeO2-supported Au catalyst and Na2CO3 in water gives a 90–95 % yield of furan 2,5-dicarboxylic acid, an increasingly important commodity chemical for the biorenewables industry, from concentrated solutions (10–20 wt %) without humin formation. The six-membered acetal ring suppresses thermal decomposition and self-polymerization of HMF in concentrated solutions. Kinetic studies supported by DFT calculations identify two crucial steps in the reaction mechanism, that is, the partial hydrolysis of the acetal into 5-formyl-2-furan carboxylic acid involving OH? and Lewis acid sites on CeO2, and subsequent oxidative dehydrogenation of the in situ generated hemiacetal involving Au nanoparticles. These results represent a significant advance over the current state of the art, overcoming an inherent limitation of the oxidation of HMF to an important monomer for biopolymer production.

Poly-benzylic ammonium chloride resins as solid catalysts for fructose dehydration

Teong, Siew Ping,Yi, Guangshun,Cao, Xueqin,Zhang, Yugen

, p. 2120 - 2124 (2014)

5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is one of the most promising platform molecules, and can be converted into a variety of interesting chemicals. The production of HMF is essentially targeted at bulk chemicals downstream, such as chemicals for the fuels and plastics industries. One critical challenge in HMF production processes is the link to further value-adding reactions in a simple and efficient way (e.g., fewer isolation and purification steps). Herein, a novel poly-benzyl ammonium chloride (PBnNH3Cl) resin is developed as a highly efficient and stable catalyst for dehydration of carbohydrates into HMF. In the isopropanol system, PBnNH3Cl produces high purity HMF that is suitable as feedstock for oxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The excellent catalytic properties together with its easy synthesis, low cost, and nontoxic nature make this poly-ammonium resin a promising catalyst for the development of new and efficient processes for biomass-based chemicals.

Hydrophilic mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)-supported Au-Pd alloy nanoparticles towards aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid under mild conditions

Wang, Qian,Hou, Wei,Li, Shuai,Xie, Jingyan,Li, Jing,Zhou, Yu,Wang, Jun

, p. 3820 - 3830 (2017)

Design of stable high-performance heterogeneous catalysts has become crucial for efficient catalytic conversion of renewable biomass into high value-added chemicals. Noble metal alloy nanoparticles (NPs) are of great interest due to their unique tunable structures and high activity. In this study, Au-Pd alloy NPs supported on hydrophilic mesoporous poly(ionic liquid) (MPIL) exhibited encouragingly high performance in the aerobic oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) in water under mild conditions. Nearly complete conversion of HMF is attained at a low temperature of 90 °C under atmospheric O2, resulting in 99% FDCA yield and high turnover number (TON) of up to 350. After reaction, the catalyst can be facilely recovered and reused with stable activity. Surface wettability plays a dominant role in the oxidation of HMF to FDCA, and synergistic alloy effect accounts for high activity. The results also show that MPILs are a promising support platform to achieve stable and efficient metal NPs through task-specific design of functional monomers.

One-pot FDCA diester synthesis from mucic acid and their solvent-free regioselective polytransesterification for production of glycerol-based furanic polyesters

Zhao, Deyang,Delbecq, Frederic,Len, Christophe

, (2019)

A one pot-two step procedure for the synthesis of diethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DEFDC) starting from mucic acid without isolation of the intermediate furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) was studied. Then, the production of three different kinds of furan-based polyesters—polyethylene-2,5-furan dicarboxylate (PEF), polyhydropropyl-2,5-furan dicarboxylate(PHPF) and polydiglycerol-2,5-furandicarboxylate (PDGF)—was realized through a Co(Ac)2·4H2O catalyzed polytransesterification performed at 160?C between DEFDC and a defined diol furan-based prepolymer or pure diglycerol. In parallel to polymerization process, an unattended regioselective 1-OH acylation of glycerol by direct microwave-heated FDCA diester transesterification led to the formation of a symmetric prepolymer ready for further polymerization and clearly identified by 2D NMR sequences. Furthermore, the synthesis of a more soluble and hydrophilic diglycerol-based furanic polyester was also achieved. The resulting biobased polymers were characterized by NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC, TGA and XRD. The morphologies of the resulted polymers were observed by FE-SEM and the purity of the material by EDX.

The direct conversion of sugars into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid in a triphasic system

Yi, Guangshun,Teong, Siew Ping,Zhang, Yugen

, p. 1151 - 1155 (2015)

A one-pot conversion of sugars into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is demonstrated in a triphasic system: tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB) or water - methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) - water. In this reaction, sugars are first converted into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in TEAB or water (Phase I). The HMF in Phase I is then extracted to MIBK (Phase II) and transferred to water (Phase III), where HMF is converted into FDCA. Phase II plays multiple roles: as a bridge for HMF extraction, transportation and purification. Overall FDCA yields of 78% and 50% are achieved from fructose and glucose respectively. You cant win if you dont tri: The one-pot conversion of sugars into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is demonstrated in a triphasic reactor. Sugars are first converted into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Phase I, the HMF in Phase I is then extracted into Phase II and transferred to Phase III, where it is converted into FDCA. Overall FDCA yields of 78% and 50% are achieved from fructose and glucose, respectively.

Pt nanoparticles loaded on reduced graphene oxide as an effective catalyst for the direct oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) under mild conditions

Niu, Wenqi,Wang, Ding,Yang, Guohui,Sun, Jian,Wu, Mingbo,Yoneyama, Yoshiharu,Tsubaki, Noritatsu

, p. 1124 - 1129 (2014)

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is one of the most promising catalyst supports because it has faintly acidic sites together with a large amount of functional groups on its surface. In this report, we prove that, for the first time, Pt-loaded RGO (Pt/RGO) is an efficient, robust, and durable catalyst for oxidizing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) directly to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) under mild conditions. The selectivity of FDCA reaches up to 84% along with 100% HMF conversion in the presence of excess base. We deduce that the total reaction on the Pt/RGO catalyst includes several consecutive steps, in which 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA) acts as an intermediate. The finding in this report is a significant advancement not only for RGO-based catalyst development, but also for scalable FDCA production, because the total reaction is performed smoothly without using the previously reported harsh reaction conditions.

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