682-01-9

Basic information

• Product Name: Tetrapropoxysilane
• Synonyms: SILICON TETRA-N-PROPOXIDE;TETRAPROPOXYSILANE;TETRAPROPYL ORTHOSILICATE;TETRA-N-PROPYL ORTHOSILICATE;TETRA-N-PROPYL SILICATE;TETRA-N-PROPOXYSILANE;CT2090;Dynasil P
• CAS NO: 682-01-9
• Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₈O₄Si
• Molecular Weight: 264.43
• EINECS: 211-659-0
• Product Categories: Silicate;Si (Classes of Silicon Compounds);Si-O Compounds;Tetraalkoxysilanes;Crosslinkers;Crosslinking Agents;Orthosilicate;Chemical Synthesis;Materials Science;Micro/NanoElectronics;Organometallic Reagents;Organosilicon;Silicates;Silicon;Solution Deposition Precursors
• Mol File: 682-01-9.mol
• Article Data: 7

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: <-80°C
• Boiling Point: 94 °C5 mm Hg(lit.)
• Flash Point: 203 °F
• Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
• Density: 0.916 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• Vapor Density: >1 (vs air)
• Vapor Pressure: 0.137mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.4(lit.)
• Storage Temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
• Water Solubility: 78mg/L at 20℃
• Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
• BRN: 1706115
• CAS DataBase Reference: Tetrapropoxysilane(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Tetrapropoxysilane(682-01-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Tetrapropoxysilane(682-01-9)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 26-36-37/39
• RIDADR: 1993
• WGK Germany: 3
• F: 10-21
• TSCA: Yes
• HazardClass: 8
• PackingGroup: III
• Hazardous Substances Data: 682-01-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Introduction

Tetrapropoxysilane (TPOS), [also called n-Propyl Silicate] is used as a cross-linking agent for silicon rubber, and as a modifying agent for organic and inorganic resins. The ethyl group of ethyl silicate is replaced by the N-propyl group, so the speed of hydrolysis is slower than ethyl silicate.

Applications

As an inorganic binder for refractory fillers and pigments, like precision investment castings. As a second backup casting coating. It cures faster than colloidal silica system. May be hydrolyzed to form silicon dioxide (silica). As a binder in zinc-rich (corrosion resistant) coating. As a starting material for sol-gel process. As a crosslinking agent for silicone sealant. As a drying agent in sealing compositions. As a chemical intermediate.

Chemical Properties

Colorless transparent liquid

Flammability and Explosibility

Nonflammable

InChI:InChI=1/C12H28O4Si/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4/h5-12H2,1-4H3

Synthetic route

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tetrachlorosilane (10026-04-7, 53609-55-5) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In not given	81.5%

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
With silica gel; potassium hydroxide at 210℃; under 11251.1 Torr; for 6h; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;	78.7%
With tetrachlorosilane
With tetrachlorosilane

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + monosilane (7440-21-3) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In not given SiH4 and n-propanol in presence of C3H7OLi;;	77%
In not given SiH4 and n-propanol in presence of C3H7OLi;;	77%

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + Hexakis(n-propoxy)-disiloxan (6544-00-9)

Conditions	Yield
With copper(l) chloride; silicon at 250℃; for 3h; Autoclave;	A 66% B n/a
With tetrachlorosilane

(C3H7O)3Si(NHNHC6H5) (122891-74-1) + titanium tetrachloride (7550-45-0) → (C3H7O)2Si(NHNHC6H5)2(TiCl4)2 (122926-59-4) + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In Petroleum ether dropwise addn. of soln. of TiCl4 in petroleum ether (40-60°C) to soln. of 1-trialkoxysilyl 2-phenylhydrazine (equimolar amts., 0 to -10°C, under dry nitrogen), ppt. filtered in a cold atm. of dry N2; washed, dried under reduced pressure; elem. anal.;	A 65% B n/a

(C3H7O)3Si(NHNHC6H5) (122891-74-1) + tin(IV) chloride (7646-78-8) → (C3H7O)2Si(NHNHC6H5)2(SnCl4)2 (122926-60-7) + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In Petroleum ether dropwise addn. of soln. of SnCl4 in petroleum ether (40-60°C) to soln. of 1-trialkoxysilyl 2-phenylhydrazine (equimolar amts., 0 to -10°C, under dry nitrogen), ppt. filtered in a cold atm. of dry N2; washed, dried under reduced pressure; elem. anal.;	A 60% B n/a

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tetraethoxy orthosilicate (78-10-4) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium(IV) isopropylate

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tetramethylorthosilicate (681-84-5) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium bei der Destillation;
In not given Si(OCH3)4 and n-propanol in presence of Na;;
In not given Si(OCH3)4 and n-propanol in presence of Na;;

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + tripropoxysilane (6485-85-4)

Conditions	Yield
With trichlorosilane; benzene

aluminium trichloride (7446-70-0) + tripropoxysilane (6485-85-4) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

lithium propylate → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
With propan-1-ol; monosilane

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tetraacetyl silicate → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + trichlorosilane (10025-78-2) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In benzene

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + magnesium silicide → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In not given
In not given

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + hexachlorodisiloxane (14986-21-1) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In not given

tripropoxysilane (6485-85-4) → tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
With AlCl3 In not given refluxing of HSi(OCH2CH2CH3)3 and AlCl3 for 20 h;;

N-phenyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine (69957-49-9) + cobalt(II) chloride (7646-79-9) → (C3H7O)Si(NHC6H5)3*3CoCl2 + (C3H7O)2Si(NHC6H5)2*2CoCl2 + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In acetonitrile N2-atmosphere; stirring (24 h, room temp.); concentration, hexane addn. (pptn.), collection (filtration), washing (hexane), drying (vac.); elem. anal.;

N-butyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine (137219-43-3) + cobalt(II) chloride (7646-79-9) → Si(NHC4H9)4*4CoCl2 + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In acetonitrile N2-atmosphere; stirring (24 h, room temp.); concentration, hexane addn. (pptn.), collection (filtration), washing (hexane), drying (vac.); elem. anal.;

N-benzyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine (88063-81-4) + cobalt(II) chloride (7646-79-9) → (C3H7O)2Si(NHCH2C6H5)2*CoCl2 + (C3H7O)Si(NHCH2C6H5)3*2CoCl2 + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9)

Conditions	Yield
In acetonitrile N2-atmosphere; stirring (24 h, room temp.); concentration, hexane addn. (pptn.), collection (filtration), washing (hexane), drying (vac.); elem. anal.;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxido-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (5301-78-0) → C20H32O20P4Si

Conditions	Yield
In diethylene glycol dimethyl ether at 140℃; Solvent; Inert atmosphere;	85.7%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + potassium o-nitrobenzoate (15163-59-4) → 1-nitro-2-propoxybenzene (3079-53-6)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; copper diacetate; silver carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 145℃; for 18h;	84%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + phenylacetonitrile (140-29-4) → propyl benzoate (2315-68-6)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine; ferric(III) bromide; oxygen In chlorobenzene at 130℃; for 9h; Sealed tube;	82%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + aniline (62-53-3) → n-propyl N-phenylcarbamate (5532-90-1)

Conditions	Yield
With 1,10-Phenanthroline; zinc diacetate In acetonitrile at 150℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 72h; Inert atmosphere; Autoclave; Green chemistry; chemoselective reaction;	80%
With 2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepin-1-ium acetate In acetonitrile at 150℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 24h; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere; Ionic liquid; Green chemistry; chemoselective reaction;	65%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + o-nitroiodobenzene (609-73-4) → 1-nitro-2-propoxybenzene (3079-53-6)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; copper diacetate; caesium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 145℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 18h;	77%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + o-iodo-methyl-benzoic acid (610-97-9) → methyl-2-propoxybenzoic acid (18167-33-4)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen; copper diacetate; caesium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 145℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 18h;	75%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + C18H17N3O3 → C21H23N3O4

Conditions	Yield
With copper diacetate; potassium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; for 3h;	72%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + N-(2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)benzamide → C19H19N3O2

Conditions	Yield
With copper diacetate; potassium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; for 3h;	66%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + para-bromoacetophenone (99-90-1) → 1-(4-propoxyphenyl)ethanone (5736-86-7)

Conditions	Yield
With 1-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-1-(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene; palladium diacetate; sodium hydroxide In toluene for 16h; Hiyama coupling; Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation; Reflux;	65%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) → chloro-tri-n-propoxy-silane (17897-96-0)

Conditions	Yield
With CH3COCl at 185°C;;	63%
With acetyl chloride at 185°C;;	63%
With CH3COCl at 185°C;;	63%
With acetyl chloride In not given
With CH3COCl In not given

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + Methyl phenyldiazoacetate (22979-35-7) → (2R,3S) methyl 2-phenyl-3-(tripropoxysiloxy)pentanoate + methyl 2-phenyl-3-(tripropoxysiloxy)pentanoate + methyl 2-phenyl-3-(tripropoxysiloxy)pentanoate

Conditions	Yield
With Rh2(R-DOSP)4 In various solvent(s) at 23℃; for 3h;	A 52% B n/a C n/a

thionyl chloride (7719-09-7) + tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) → tetrachlorosilane (10026-04-7, 53609-55-5)

Conditions	Yield
With N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 55℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 32h;	46%

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + acetyl chloride (75-36-5) → chloro-tri-n-propoxy-silane (17897-96-0)

Conditions	Yield
at 185℃;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + α-naphthol (90-15-3) → α-Naphthyloxy-tripropyloxy-silan (18677-10-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium Heating;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + α-naphthol (90-15-3) → Di-α-naphthyloxy-dipropyloxy-silan (18884-95-2)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium Heating;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + α-naphthol (90-15-3) → Tri-α-naphthyloxy-propyloxy-silan (18763-39-8)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium Heating;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) → dichloro-di-n-propoxy-silane (18141-43-0)

Conditions	Yield
With tetrachlorosilane at 160℃; for 30h;

tetrapropoxysilane (682-01-9) + Hexamethyldisiloxane (107-46-0) → 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis(trimethylsiloxy)trisiloxane (3555-47-3) + Dipropyloxy-bis-trimethylsilyloxy-silan (18082-57-0) + C12H30O4Si2 + C12H34O4Si4

Conditions	Yield
With Amberlyst 15 cation-exchange resin at 40℃; for 85h;

Upstream product

• 71-23-8 propan-1-ol 
• 78-10-4 tetraethoxy orthosilicate 
• 681-84-5 tetramethylorthosilicate 
• 7446-70-0 aluminium trichloride 
• 6485-85-4 tripropoxysilane 
• 10025-78-2 trichlorosilane 
• 122891-74-1 (C₃H₇O)3Si(NHNHC₆H₅) 
• 7550-45-0 titanium tetrachloride 
• 7646-78-8 tin(IV) chloride 
• 88063-81-4 N-benzyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine 
• 7646-79-9 cobalt(II) chloride 
• 17897-96-0 chloro-tri-n-propoxy-silane 
• 137219-43-3 N-butyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine 
• 69957-49-9 N-phenyl-1,1,1-tripropoxysilanamine 

Downstream Products

• 18141-43-0 dichloro-di-n-propoxy-silane 
• 3555-47-3 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis(trimethylsiloxy)trisiloxane 
• 18082-57-0 Dipropyloxy-bis-trimethylsilyloxy-silan 
• 109-60-4 1-Propyl acetate 
• 112926-00-8 silica gel 
• 10026-04-7 tetrachlorosilane 
• 5532-90-1 n-propyl N-phenylcarbamate 
• 513-08-6 phosphoric acid tripropyl ester 
• 1804-93-9 dipropylphosphate 
• 18167-33-4 methyl-2-propoxybenzoic acid 
• 3079-53-6 1-nitro-2-propoxybenzene 
• 2315-68-6 propyl benzoate 
• 5736-86-7 1-(4-propoxyphenyl)ethanone 
• 74-98-6 propane 

Relevant articles and documents

Determination of Reactive Components in Silicone Foams

Analytical methods have been developed for the determination of reactive components used in the formulation of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) sislicone foams.The reactive components include total silanol (SiOH), silane hydrogen (SiH), tetrapropoxysilane (TPS), and diphenylmethylsilanol (DPMS).Total SiOH and SiH are determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. the SiOH peak at 3687 cm-1 and the SIH peak at 2168 cm-1 were used for quantitation.The TPS content was determined by gas chromatography (GC), using a solid capillary open tubular (SCOT) column and linear programmed temperature control.The DPMS content was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using THF solvent.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING TETRAALKOXYSILANE

An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing a tetraalkoxysilane with a high energy efficiency and with a high yield. The present invention provides a method for producing a tetraalkoxysilane, the method including: a first step of reacting an alcohol with a silicon oxide; and a second step of bringing a vaporized component of the reaction mixture obtained in the first step into contact with a molecular sieve.

Direct synthesis of tetraalkoxysilanes from silica and alcohols

A new simple and efficient process for synthesizing tetraalkoxysilanes (TROS) directly from silica and alcohols was developed using molecular sieves as dehydrating agents. Using this method, a variety of TROS (R = ethoxy, n-propoxy, or n-butoxy) were obtained over 70% yields within 6 h. We also employed various natural silica sources in this process for practical applications.