138-22-7Relevant articles and documents
Tin-catalyzed conversion of trioses to alkyl lactates in alcohol solution
Hayashi, Yukiko,Sasaki, Yoshiyuki
, p. 2716 - 2718 (2005)
Tin chlorides, SnCl2 and SnCl4·5H2O are excellent catalysts for the reactions of trioses, dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde with alcohols (MeOH, EtOH and nBuOH) to give alkyl lactates, whose reaction mechanism involves the intermediary formation of pyruvic aldehyde followed by its esterification, which is distinctively promoted by tin halides. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
Hydroxyapatite supported lewis acid catalysts for the transformation of trioses in alcohols
Zhang, Zehui,Zhao, Zongbao
, p. 70 - 73 (2011)
We prepared hydroxyapatite-supported tin(II) chloride and tin(IV) chloride Lewis acid catalysts. These catalysts showed catalytic activity for the transformation of trioses in alcohols to yield alkyl lactates. Under optimal conditions, n-butyl lactate was obtained in 73.5 yield when dihydroxyacetone and n-butanol were treated with hydroxyapatite-supported tin(II) chloride.
Retention Characteristics and Sorption Enthalpies of Esters of Natural Hydroxycarboxylic Acids on DB-1 Stationary Phase
Portnova,Yamshchikova, Yu. F.,Krasnykh
, p. 577 - 583 (2019)
Abstract: Sorption characteristics and retention of esters of glycolic, lactic, malic, and tartaric acids with C1?C8 alcohols of linear structure are studied by gas-liquid chromatography in the temperature range of 90?260°C on DB-1 nonpolar phase. The values of the retention indices of the compounds studied are obtained. On the basis of experimentally determined retention times, the thermodynamic characteristics of sorption under the conditions of limiting dilution are estimated. The dependences of the change in sorption enthalpies on the length of the linear alkyl substituent and on the value of the logarithmic retention index are found. The possibility of estimating the energy of intermolecular interactions of lactic acid esters in the liquid phase is shown on the basis of the obtained values of sorption enthalpies and vaporization enthalpies.
Zeolite-catalysed conversion of C3 sugars to alkyl lactates
Pescarmona, Paolo P.,Janssen, Kris P. F.,Delaet, Chloe,Stroobants, Christophe,Houthoofd, Kristof,Philippaerts, An,De Jonghe, Chantal,Paul, Johan S.,Jacobs, Pierre A.,Sels, Bert F.
, p. 1083 - 1089 (2010)
The direct conversion of C3 sugars (or trioses) to alkyl lactates was achieved using zeolite catalysts. This reaction represents a key step towards the efficient conversion of bio-glycerol or formaldehyde to added-value chemicals such as lactate derivatives. The highest yields and selectivities towards the desired lactate product were obtained with Ultrastable zeolite Y materials having a low Si/Al ratio and a high content of extra-framework aluminium. Correlating the types and amounts of acid sites present in the different zeolites reveals that two acid functions are required to achieve excellent catalysis. Bronsted acid sites catalyse the conversion of trioses to the reaction intermediate pyruvic aldehyde, while Lewis acid sites further assist in the intramolecular rearrangement of the aldehyde into the desired lactate ester product. The presence of strong zeolitic Bronsted acid sites should be avoided as much as possible, since they convert the intermediate pyruvic aldehyde into alkyl acetals instead of lactate esters. A tentative mechanism for the acid catalysis is proposed based on reference reactions and isotopically labelled experiments. Reusability of the USY catalyst is demonstrated for the title reaction.
Development of lactic ester as bifunctional additive of methanol-gasoline
Zhang, Jie,Yang, Changchun,Tang, Ying,Xu, Lianghong,Wang, Xiaoting
, p. 4827 - 4829 (2014)
In this paper, lactic esters were synthesized and used as phase stabilizer and saturation vapor pressure depressor of methanol-gasoline. The results show that the stabilities of the methanol-gasoline depend on the length of the lactic esters' alkoxy group. Several lactic esters were found to be effective in various gasoline-methanol blends, and the lactic esters display high capacity to depress the saturation vapor pressure of methanol-gasoline. According to the results, it can be concluded that the lactic esters have the great potential to be bifunctional gasoline-methanol additives.
Adsorption and Reactive Desorption on Metal–Organic Frameworks: A Direct Strategy for Lactic Acid Recovery
Stassin, Timothée,Reinsch, Helge,Van de Voorde, Ben,Wuttke, Stefan,Medina, Dana D.,Stock, Norbert,Bein, Thomas,Ameloot, Rob,De Vos, Dirk
, p. 643 - 650 (2017)
Biomass-derived lactic acid (LA) is an important platform chemical towards the sustainable production of numerous materials. However, the fermentation process currently in use is limited by the difficult recovery of the LA product from the fermentation broth and results in the generation of stoichiometric amounts of gypsum waste. Herein, we show that metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) of the UiO-66(Zr) type are effective adsorbents for the separation of LA from aqueous (buffer) solutions. These frameworks based on zirconium clusters and terephthalic acid derivatives display a tremendous uptake (up to 42 wt %) and a high affinity for LA. The latter can further be tuned by changing the hydrogen-bonding properties of the functional groups present on the organic ligand. A Rietveld refinement disclosed the specific interaction of LA with the clusters of UiO-66(Zr) and a preferential adsorption on open zirconium sites. Taking advantage of the catalytic activity of UiO-66(Zr), desorption of LA was performed in alcohols to recover up to 73 % as ester. Applied to the recovery of LA, adsorption and reactive desorption offer a direct and gypsum-free strategy as an alternative for the current multi-step process.
The Role of Surface Termination in Halide Perovskites for Efficient Photocatalytic Synthesis
Bai, Yang,Chen, Qi,Deng, Kailin,Dong, Yuanyuan,Guan, Haoliang,Li, Kailin,Li, Yujing,Luo, Wenjia,Wang, Hao,Wang, Lanning,Xie, Haipeng,Zhou, Huanping,Zhu, Cheng
, p. 12931 - 12937 (2020)
Halide perovskites have received attention in the field of photocatalysis owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the semiconductor properties of halide perovskite surfaces and the influence on photocatalytic performance have not been systematically clarified. Now, the conversion of triose (such as 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA)) is employed as a model reaction to explore the surface termination of MAPbI3. By rational design of the surface termination for MAPbI3, the production rate of butyl lactate is substantially improved to 7719 μg g?1 cat. h?1 under visible-light illumination. The MAI-terminated MAPbI3 surface governs the photocatalytic performance. Specially, MAI-terminated surface is susceptible to iodide oxidation, which thus promotes the exposure of PbII as active sites for this photocatalysis process. Moreover, MAI-termination induces a p-doping effect near the surface for MAPbI3, which facilitates carrier transport and thus photosynthesis.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST COMPLEX FOR CARBON DIOXIDE CONVERSION
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Paragraph 0158-0162, (2021/05/21)
Proposed is a catalyst complex having high activity for carbon dioxide conversion reaction that converts carbon dioxide to useful compounds through reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon containing at least one hydroxyl group, and a carbon dioxide conversion process using the same, wherein the catalyst complex includes, as an active metal in the catalyst complex, at least one of noble metals and at least one of transition metals other than noble metals, thereby having high activity for the carbon dioxide conversion reaction.
Method for preparing lactate
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Paragraph 0086-0087, (2020/06/30)
The invention relates to a method for preparing lactate. The method comprises the following steps: contacting pyruvic aldehyde and alcohol with a catalyst in a reactor, and reacting to obtain a lactate-containing product, wherein the molar ratio of the pyruvic aldehyde to the alcohol is 1:(20-225), the reaction temperature is 30-180 DEG C, the reaction time is 1-10 hours, the catalyst contains a mixture of a titanium-silicon molecular sieve and a tin-silicon molecular sieve, and the weight ratio of the pyruvic aldehyde to the mixture of the titanium-silicon molecular sieve and the tin-siliconmolecular sieve based on dry basis weight is 1:(0.1-6). The method provided by the invention has high pyruvic aldehyde conversion rate and high lactate yield.
Method for preparing lactate
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Paragraph 0086-0087, (2020/06/30)
The invention relates to a method for preparing lactate. The method comprises the following steps of: contacting sugar and alcohol with a catalyst in a reactor, and reacting to obtain a lactate-containing product, wherein the molar ratio of the sugar to the alcohol is 1:(50-900), the reaction temperature is 150-250 DEG C, the reaction time is 10-50 hours, the catalyst contains a mixture of a titanium-silicon molecular sieve and a tin-silicon molecular sieve, and the weight ratio of the sugar to the mixture of the titanium-silicon molecular sieve and the tin-silicon molecular sieve based on drybasis weight is 1:(0.1-6). The method provided by the invention has high sugar conversion rate and high lactate yield.
