526-73-8Relevant articles and documents
Probing the pore structure of hierarchical EU-1 zeolites by adsorption of large molecules and through catalytic reaction
Guo, Zaibin,Hao, Wenming,Ma, Jinghong,Li, Ruifeng
, p. 187 - 193 (2021)
The adsorption of toluene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and the catalytic transformation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene are applied as probing approaches to characterize the pore system of hierarchical EU-1 zeolites prepared using organofunctionalized fumed silica as the silicon source. The adsorption and diffusion of toluene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene are significantly improved in the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites compared with the conventional microporous EU-1 zeolite. The adsorption kinetics of toluene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene suggested that introducing mesopores significantly increases the rate of adsorption and improved the diffusion of large molecules. In the catalytic transformation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, the conversion of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene on the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites is doubled compared with the conventional microporous EU-1 zeolite, due to the improved diffusion of bulky molecules and enhanced accessibility of active sites in the hierarchical EU-1 structure. Although isomerization is the main reaction, differences are observed in the product ratios of isomerization to disproportionation between the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites and the microporous counterpart with different times on stream. The transformation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene over the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites has a higher isomerization to disproportionation ratio than that over the microporous EU-1 zeolite; this is due to the increased mesoporosity.
PROCESS FOR CO-PRODUCTION OF MIXED XYLENES AND HIGH OCTANE C9+ AROMATICS
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Paragraph 0067-0072, (2019/10/23)
Disclosed is a process for producing mixed xylenes and C9+ hydrocarbons in which an aromatic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising benzene and/or toluene is contacted with an alkylating agent comprising methanol and/or dimethyl ether under alkylation conditions in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to produce an alkylated aromatic product stream comprising the mixed xylenes and C9+ hydrocarbons. The mixed xylenes are subsequently converted to para-xylene, and the C9+ hydrocarbons and its components may be supplied as motor fuels blending components. The alkylation catalyst comprises a molecular sieve having a Constraint Index in the range from greater than zero up to about 3. The molar ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon to alkylating agent is in the range of greater than 1:1 to less than 4:1.
Selective Production of Renewable para-Xylene by Tungsten Carbide Catalyzed Atom-Economic Cascade Reactions
Dai, Tao,Li, Changzhi,Li, Lin,Zhao, Zongbao Kent,Zhang, Bo,Cong, Yu,Wang, Aiqin
supporting information, p. 1808 - 1812 (2018/02/10)
Tungsten carbide was employed as the catalyst in an atom-economic and renewable synthesis of para-xylene with excellent selectivity and yield from 4-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carbonylaldehyde (4-MCHCA). This intermediate is the product of the Diels–Alder reaction between the two readily available bio-based building blocks acrolein and isoprene. Our results suggest that 4-MCHCA undergoes a novel dehydroaromatization–hydrodeoxygenation cascade process by intramolecular hydrogen transfer that does not involve an external hydrogen source, and that the hydrodeoxygenation occurs through the direct dissociation of the C=O bond on the W2C surface. Notably, this process is readily applicable to the synthesis of various (multi)methylated arenes from bio-based building blocks, thus potentially providing a petroleum-independent solution to valuable aromatic compounds.
TRI-(ADAMANTYL)PHOSPHINES AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF
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Page/Page column 31, (2017/05/17)
In one aspect, phosphine compounds comprising three adamantyl moieties (PAd3) and associated synthetic routes are described herein. Each adamantyl moiety may be the same or different. For example, each adamantyl moiety (Ad) attached to the phosphorus atom can be independently selected from the group consisting of adamantane, diamantane, triamantane and derivatives thereof. Transition metal complexes comprising PAd3 ligands are also provided for catalytic synthesis including catalytic cross-coupling reactions.
PROCESSES FOR CONVERSION OF BIOLOGICALLY DERIVED MEVALONIC ACID
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Paragraph 0095-0103, (2016/06/13)
The invention relates to a process comprising reacting mevalonic acid, or a solution comprising mevalonic acid, to yield a first product or first product mixture, optionally in the presence of a solid catalyst and/or at elevated temperature and/or pressure. The invention further relates to a process comprising: (a) providing a microbial organism that expresses a biosynthetic mevalonic acid pathway; (b) growing the microbial organism in fermentation medium comprising suitable carbon substrates, whereby biobased mevalonic acid is produced; and (c) reacting said biobased mevalonic acid to yield a first product or first product mixture.
Tri(1-adamantyl)phosphine: Expanding the Boundary of Electron-Releasing Character Available to Organophosphorus Compounds
Chen, Liye,Ren, Peng,Carrow, Brad P.
supporting information, p. 6392 - 6395 (2016/06/09)
We report here the remarkable properties of PAd3, a crystalline air-stable solid accessible through a scalable SN1 reaction. Spectroscopic data reveal that PAd3, benefiting from the polarizability inherent to large hydrocarbyl groups, exhibits unexpected electron releasing character that exceeds other alkylphosphines and falls within a range dominated by N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dramatic effects in catalysis are also enabled by PAd3 during Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of chloro(hetero)arenes (40 examples) at low Pd loading, including the late-stage functionalization of commercial drugs. Exceptional space-time yields are demonstrated for the syntheses of industrial precursors to valsartan and boscalid from chloroarenes with ～2 × 104 turnovers in 10 min.
Catalytic conversion of isophorone to jet-fuel range aromatic hydrocarbons over a MoOx/SiO2 catalyst
Chen, Fang,Li, Ning,Wang, Wentao,Wang, Aiqin,Cong, Yu,Wang, Xiaodong,Zhang, Tao
supporting information, p. 11876 - 11879 (2015/07/15)
For the first time, jet fuel range C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons were synthesized in high carbon yield (～80%) by the catalytic conversion of isophorone over MoOx/SiO2 at atmospheric pressure. A possible reaction pathway was proposed according to the control experiments and the intermediates generated during the reaction.
CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF ALCOHOLS HAVING AT LEAST THREE CARBON ATOMS TO HYDROCARBON BLENDSTOCK
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Paragraph 0062; 0063, (2015/01/16)
A method for producing a hydrocarbon blendstock, the method comprising contacting at least one saturated acyclic alcohol having at least three and up to ten carbon atoms with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst at a temperature of at least 100°C and up to 550°C, wherein the metal is a positively-charged metal ion, and the metal-loaded zeolite catalyst is catalytically active for converting the alcohol to the hydrocarbon blendstock, wherein the method directly produces a hydrocarbon blendstock having less than 1 vol% ethylene and at least 35 vol% of hydrocarbon compounds containing at least eight carbon atoms.
Creation of Bronsted acidity by grafting aluminum isopropoxide on silica under controlled conditions: Determination of the number of Bronsted Sites and their turnover frequency for m-xylene isomerization
Caillot, Maxime,Chaumonnot, Alexandra,Digne, Mathieu,Vanbokhoven, Jeroen A.
, p. 832 - 841 (2014/03/21)
There is not a unique Bronsted acid site for aluminosilicates (ASAs). IR spectroscopy following CO adsorption proves the creation of Bronsted acid sites on Al/SiO2 ASAs, which are synthesized by the deposition of aluminum species on hydroxylated silica. These sites are active for ethanol dehydration and m-xylene isomerization. Controlled deposition under anhydrous conditions optimizes the number of sites, whereas the presence of water leads to alumina agglomerates with no Bronsted acidity. The turnover frequency for m-xylene isomerization (4.3×10-4s -1 site-1 at 350°C, atmospheric pressure, and 0.6cm3 h-1 of m-xylene) is approximately 3times lower than that of the Bronsted acid sites of Si/Al2O3 and 75times lower than that of an ultrastable Y-type zeolite without extra-framework aluminum. Ethanol as the acid test: The thermodesorption of ethanol demonstrates the formation of Bronsted acid sites on aluminum-grafted silica. Knowing the number of sites, the turnover frequency (TOF) for m-xylene isomerization is calculated. Bronsted sites of Al/SiO2 are weaker than those of Si/Al2O3 and ultrastable Y-type (USY) zeolites, which is reflected in the ethanol dehydration temperature.
Cross-coupling reactions through the intramolecular activation of Alkyl(triorgano)silanes
Nakao, Yoshiaki,Takeda, Masahide,Matsumoto, Takuya,Hiyama, Tamejiro
supporting information; scheme or table, p. 4447 - 4450 (2010/08/19)
(Figure Presented) Cross-Si-ing the Jordan: Cross-coupling reactions of 2-(2-hydroxyprop-2-yl)phenylsubstituted alkylsilanes with a variety of aryl halides proceed in the presence of palladium and copper catalysts. The use of K3PO4 base allows for highly chemoselective alkyl coupling with both primary and secondary alkyl groups (Alk).
