68-96-2Relevant articles and documents
Evaluation of the fluorescent probes Nile Red and 25-NBD-cholesterol as substrates for steroid-converting oxidoreductases using pure enzymes and microorganisms
Faletrov, Yaroslav V.,Frolova, Nina S.,Hlushko, Hanna V.,Rudaya, Elena V.,Edimecheva, Irina P.,Mauersberger, Stephan,Shkumatov, Vladimir M.
, p. 3109 - 3119 (2013)
The fluorescent probes Nile Red (nonsteroidal dye) and 25-{N-[(7-nitrobenz- 2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-methyl]amino}-27-norcholesterol (25-NBD-cholesterol) (a cholesterol analog) were evaluated as novel substrates for steroid-converting oxidoreductases. Docking simulations with autodock showed that Nile Red fits well into the substrate-binding site of cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/ 17,20-lyase (CYP17A1) (binding energy value of -8.3 kcal·mol -1). Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica, both expressing CYP17A1, were found to catalyze the conversion of Nile Red into two N-dealkylated derivatives. The conversion by the yeasts was shown to increase in the cases of coexpression of electron-donating partners of CYP17A1. The highest specific activity value (1.30 ± 0.02 min-1) was achieved for the strain Y. lipolytica DC5, expressing CYP17A1 and the yeast's NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. The dye was also metabolized by pure CYP17A1 into the N-dealkylated derivatives, and gave a type I difference spectrum when titrated into low-spin CYP17A1. Analogously, docking simulations demonstrated that 25-NBD-cholesterol binds into the active site of the microbial cholesterol oxidase (CHOX) from Brevibacterium sterolicum (binding energy value of -5.6 kcal·mol-1). The steroid was found to be converted into its 4-en-3-one derivative by CHOX (Km and kcat values were estimated to be 58.1 ± 5.9 μm and 0.66 ± 0.14 s-1, respectively). The 4-en-3-one derivative was also detected as the product of 25-NBD-cholesterol oxidation with both pure microbial cholesterol dehydrogenase (CHDH) and a pathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, possessing CHOXs and CHDHs. These results provide novel opportunities for investigation of the structure-function relationships of the aforementioned oxidoreductases, which catalyze essential steps of steroid bioconversion in mammals (CYP17A1) and bacteria (CHOX and CHDH), with fluorescence-based techniques. Docking simulations show that fluorescent substances Nile Red and 25-NBD-cholesterol fit well the substrate-binding sites of CYP17A1 and the cholesterol oxidase (CHOX), respectively. Recombinant yeasts, expressing CYP17A1, as well as pure CYP17A1 catalyze the Nile Red conversion into N-dealkylated derivatives. 25-NBD-cholesterol is converted into its 4-en-3-one derivative by the CHOX and cholesterol dehydrogenase as well as by bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Modified bile acids and androstanes—Novel promising inhibitors of human cytochrome P450 17A1
Dzichenka, Yaraslau,Shapira, Michail,Yantsevich, Aliaksei,Cherkesova, Tatsiana,Grbovi?, Ljubica,Savi?, Marina,Usanov, Sergey,Jovanovi?-?anta, Suzana
, (2020/11/17)
Cytochromes P450 are key enzymes for steroid hormone biosynthesis in human body. They are considered as targets for the screening of novel high efficient drugs. The results of screening of bile acids and androstane derivatives toward human recombinant steroid 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1) are presented in this paper. A group of steroids, binding with micromolar or submicromolar affinity (in a range from 9 μM – less than 0.1 μM), was identified. Results presented here showed that these steroidal compounds are able to decrease rate of hydroxylation of essential CYP17A1 substrate – progesterone, while some compounds completely inhibited enzyme activity. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis based on in vitro and in silico studies showed that high affinity of the enzyme to bile acids derivatives is correlated with side chain hydrophobicity and presence of hydroxyl or keto group at C3 position. From the other side, bile acid-derived compounds with more polar side chain or substituents at C7 and C12 positions possess higher Kd values. Among androstane-derived steroids couple of Δ5-steroids with hydroxyl group at C3 position, as well as 16,17-secosteroids, were found to be high affinity ligands of this enzyme. The data obtained could be useful for the design of novel highly efficient inhibitors of CYP17A1, since the bile acids-derived compounds are for first time recognized as effective CYP17A1 inhibitors.
Inherent steroid 17α,20-lyase activity in defunct cytochrome P450 17A enzymes
Gonzalez, Eric,Johnson, Kevin M.,Pallan, Pradeep S.,Phan, Thanh T.N.,Zhang, Wei,Lei, Li,Wawrzak, Zdzislaw,Yoshimoto, Francis K.,Egli, Martin,Peter Guengerich
, p. 541 - 556 (2018/02/14)
Cytochrome P450 (P450) 17A1 catalyzes the oxidations of progesterone and pregnenolone and is the major source of androgens. The enzyme catalyzes both 17α-hydroxylation and a subsequent 17α,20-lyase reaction, and several mechanisms have been proposed for the latter step. Zebrafish P450 17A2 catalyzes only the 17α-hydroxylations. We previously reported high similarity of the crystal structures of zebrafish P450 17A1 and 17A2 and human P450 17A1. Five residues near the heme, which differed, were changed. We also crystallized this five-residue zebrafish P450 17A1 mutant, and the active site still resembled the structure in the other proteins, with some important differences. These P450 17A1 and 17A2 mutants had catalytic profiles more similar to each other than did the wildtype proteins. Docking with these structures can explain several minor products, which require multiple enzyme conformations. The 17α-hydroperoxy (OOH) derivatives of the steroids were used as oxygen surrogates. Human P450 17A1 and zebrafish P450s 17A1 and P450 17A2 readily converted these to the lyase products in the absence of other proteins or cofactors (with catalytically competent kinetics) plus hydroxylated 17α-hydroxysteroids. The 17α-OOH results indicate that a "Compound I" (FeO3+) intermediate is capable of formation and can be used to rationalize the products. We conclude that zebrafish P450 17A2 is capable of lyase activity with the 17α-OOH steroids because it can achieve an appropriate conformation for lyase catalysis in this system that is precluded in the conventional reaction.
Preparation method of steroidal compound with multiple olefin groups
-
, (2017/11/04)
The invention relates to a preparation method of a steroid medicine intermediate body, in particular to a method for preparing a steroid carrying medicine intermediate body, namely steroid carrying-1,4,9(11),16(17)-tetraterpene-3,20-diketone and steroid carrying-4,9(11)-diene-3,20-diketone-17 alpha-hydroxyl, by taking androstane-4-alkene-3,17-diketone as a substrate.
Method for preparing 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone
-
, (2017/08/27)
The invention discloses a method for preparing 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. According to the method, 4-androstenedione I serves as the raw material, a 17-site branched chain is introduced through ethynylation reaction, a 17-site beta-hydroxyl group is converted into an alpha-hydroxyl group through catalytic reaction, and finally 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone is prepared through carbonylation reaction. The reaction formula is shown in the description. Four steps of reaction are conducted with 4-androstenedione as the raw material, a 17-site side chain is introduced through ethynylation reaction, the 17beta-hydroxyl group is converted into the 17alpha-hydroxyl group through transposition reaction, the weight yield of each step ranges from 85% to 109%, the total weigh yield is 85% or above, use of virulent acetone cyanohydrin is avoided, the raw material conversion rate is high, selectivity is good, production cost of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone is reduced, the process is safe, and large-scale industrial production is easy.
A 17a - hydroxy progesterone preparation method
-
Paragraph 0017; 0018; 0019; 0020; 0021; 0022; 0023; 0024, (2017/08/25)
The invention relates to a method for preparing 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone is prepared by taking 17beta- cyano-5-androstene-17-ol-3,3-diethylene ketal (referred as an intermediate II) as a raw material and dimethylzinc or methylzinc chloride as a reagent; the content of the 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by HPLC is above 99.5% and the weight yield is 83-87%. The method comprises the following steps of dissolving the intermediate II in an organic solvent, adding lithium chloride as a catalyst, stirring, raising the temperature to 40-80 DEG C, dropwise adding a toluene solution of dimethylzinc or methylzinc chloride of which the concentration is 2M, and continuing to complete the reaction; and then adding an ammonium chloride solution of which the concentration is 25% to destruct an organic zinc reagent, separating the aqueous layer out and extracting, merging the organic layer and the extract and concentrating the solvent to near dryness, and then adding lower alcohol, stirring, raising the temperature to 40-60 DEG C, adding the acid of which the concentration is 2M, hydrolyzing, adjusting the pH value with a weak base after the reaction is completed, evaporating 90% of the solvent out, adding tap water, cooling and crystallizing to obtain a crude 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone product; and then carrying out reflux decolorizing on the crude product with activated carbon by virtue of alcohol, and refining to obtain the commercial grade 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone produced by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good purity and high yield and is economic and environment-friendly, and the solvent can be recycled.
A high yield of 17 α - hydroxy progesterone of simple preparation method
-
Paragraph 0031; 0034; 0035; 0036; 0037; 0038; 0039; 0040, (2017/11/18)
The invention relates to a high-yield simple preparation method of 17alpha-hydroxy progesterone. With 4-androstenedione as an initial raw material, the method comprises the following steps: performing a cyanogen alcoholization addition reaction between the 17-site carbonyl of 4-androstenedione and acetone hydrogen alcohol to obtain 17-alpha hydroxyl-17-beta cyanoandrostane-4-ene-3-one; performing a ketal protection reaction of the C3-site carbonyl to obtain a ketal product; and performing a direct methylation reaction between the ketal product and zinc chloride methane, and hydrolyzing to obtain 17alpha-hydroxy progesterone. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of short process, high yield, high product purity, mild reaction conditions, low cost and low energy consumption and is particularly suitable for industrial production.
A by the 3,17-dione steroid preparing steroid the synthetic method of the compound of
-
Paragraph 0083-0101, (2017/03/14)
The invention discloses a synthetic method of steroid type drugs and intermediates, in particular relates to a synthetic method for preparing 17-hydroxy-20-ketone steroid compounds from 3,17-diketone steroids, and belongs to the field of synthesis of drugs. The method takes 3,17-diketone steroids as raw materials and adopts a conventional, environment-friendly, low-toxicity reagent, and the steroid type drugs such as cortisone, hydrocortisone, metacortandracin, or hydroprednisone, or intermediates 17alpha-hydroxy-20-ketone compounds are prepared simply and conveniently at high yield by selective protection of C3 or (and) C11-ketone group, Wittig reaction of C17, selective oxidization of 17(20)-position double bonds and halogenating replacement. The aftertreatment is simple, few three wastes are generated, the reaction selectivity is good, the yield is high, and byproducts anti-pregnancy steroidal drugs and steroidal compounds can be obtained. The raw materials are easy to get, the cost is low and the synthetic process is simple; the synthetic method is suitable for industrial production.
A synthetic 17 α-hydroxy progesterone of the new method
-
Paragraph 0038; 0039, (2017/02/28)
The invention provides a novel method of synthesizing 17 alpha-hydroxyl progesterone (01). The novel method comprises the following steps: 1) in the presence of trimethylsilyl chloride and a methyl magnesium chloride solution, performing double-protection reaction on 17 bata-cyano-17 alpha-hydroxyl-4-androstene-3-one (02) to produce a compound (03); 2) heating up to perform grignard addition reaction, and transferring into an ammonium chloride aqueous solution to produce a compound (04); 3) preserving the heat and discoloring by active carbon, adding diluted acid water to reflux and perform hydrolysis reaction of double protection groups, and separating and purifying to obtain 17 alpha-hydroxyl progesterone (01). According to the novel method disclosed by the invention, the conventional 3-position ketal protection, 17 alpha-hydroxyl vinyl ether protection, grignard addition, re-hydration of protection groups on position 3 and position 17 and discoloring-refining are simplified into one-step operation.
Synthesis of [3α-3H] 17α-Hydroxy pregnenolone and [3α-3H] Pregnenolone
Tian, Yuan,Hong, Yang,Bonacorsi, Samuel J.,Balog, Aaron,Gong, Sharon
, p. 1 - 11 (2014/02/14)
For the first time, [3α-3H] 17α-hydroxy pregnenolone (1) was synthesized through a multiple step sequence. The presence of [3β-3H] isomer in RP-HPLC purified product was identified by tritium NMR. The [3β-3H] isomer was then separated from [3α-3H] 17α-hydroxy pregnenolone with chiralPAK AD-H column. [3α-3H] pregnenolone (2) was synthesized from commercial available 5-pregnen-3,20-dione in one step with an improved procedure. [3α-3H] 17α-hydroxy pregnenolone (1) was synthesized through a multiple step sequence. The presence of [3β- 3H] isomer was identified then separated with chiralPAK AD-H column. [3α-3H] pregnenolone (2) was synthesized from commercial available 5-pregnen-3,20-dione in one step. Copyright
