cas 69610-40-8, (S)-(-)-1-Boc-2-pyrrolidinemethanol

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A new class of fluorinated 5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl isatin caspase inhibitors for PET imaging of apoptosis
Thirteen compounds in a new class of fluorinated 5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl isatin derivatives were synthesised that have potent and selective inhibitory activity against effector caspases-3 and -7. With in vivo animal PET imaging studies of cerebral ischemia being planned, N-benzylation with selected para-substituted benzylic halides allowed systematic variation of lipophilicity (logP 1.94-3.31) without decreasing inhibition potency (IC50). From this series the p-methoxybenzyl analogue was selected for initial 'proof-of-concept' [18F]-fluoride radiolabelling which proceeded in good yield and purity with no need for a protection/deprotection strategy. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Krause-Heuer, Anwen M.,Howell, Nicholas R.,Matesic, Lidia,Dhand, Geetanjali,Young, Emma L.,Burgess, Leena,Jiang, Cathy D.,Lengkeek, Nigel A.,Fookes, Christopher J. R.,Pham, Tien Q.,Sobrio, Franck,Greguric, Ivan,Fraser, Benjamin H.
p. 347 - 352
(2013)
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Larger scale Stahl oxidation with instant Cu removal in convenient synthesis of chiral bidentate N–heterocyclic carbene precursor
Commercially available N-Boc protected L-proline can be efficiently converted into a chiral, bidentate, aminoalkyl N-heterocyclic carbene ligand precursor in high yield (50% total after 4 steps) without column chromatography purification at any moment. The developed synthetic path includes: (1) redox step leading to an aldehyde, (2) imine condensation and in situ reduction to 1,2-diamine; (3) heterocyclization; (3) removal of the protecting group. Instant separation of Cu traces after the key Stahl oxidation at gram-scale was facilitated by the use of bis(isocyanide) scavenger, SnatchCat, forming insoluble, easy to remove RNC:→[Cu] complexes that allowed usto obtain crude intermediate suitably pure for next steps without tedious purification.
Grudzień, Krzysztof,Noga?, Wojciech,Szczepaniak, Grzegorz,Grela, Karol
supporting information

(2021/02/26)

NOVEL CONNECTED BODY AND USE THEREOF IN SPECIFIC CONJUGATION BETWEEN BIOMOLECULE AND DRUG
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide: a method for producing a connected body; a method for using the connected body in the production of a uniform conjugate; and a method for applying the conjugate in the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. SOLUTION: A novel connected body is provided that includes a 2,3-di-substituted succinic acid group or a 2-mono-substituted or 2,3-di-substituted fumaric acid or maleic acid (trans (E)- or cis (Z)-butenedioic acid) group for conjugating 2 or more compounds/cytotoxic agents per connected body with a cell-binding molecule by specifically bridge-linking to a pair of thiol on the cell-binding molecule. The connected body is exemplified by the following general formula. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2021,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0233-0234

(2021/05/14)

X-ray Structure-Guided Discovery of a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Dual Human Indoleamine/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (hIDO/hTDO) Inhibitor That Shows Activity in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (hTDO) have been closely linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD); nevertheless, development of dual hIDO1 and hTDO inhibitors to evaluate their potential efficacy against PD is still lacking. Here, we report biochemical, biophysical, and computational analyses revealing that 1H-indazole-4-amines inhibit both hIDO1 and hTDO by a mechanism involving direct coordination with the heme ferrous and ferric states. Crystal structure-guided optimization led to23, which manifested IC50values of 0.64 and 0.04 μM to hIDO1 and hTDO, respectively, and had good pharmacokinetic properties and brain penetration in mice.23showed efficacy against the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse motor coordination deficits, comparable to Madopar, an anti-PD medicine. Further studies revealed that different from Madopar,23likely has specific anti-PD mechanisms involving lowering IDO1 expression, alleviating dopaminergic neurodegeneration, reducing inflammatory cytokines and quinolinic acid in mouse brain, and increasing kynurenic acid in mouse blood.
Ning, Xiang-Li,Li, Yu-Zhi,Huo, Cui,Deng, Ji,Gao, Cheng,Zhu, Kai-Rong,Wang, Miao,Wu, Yu-Xiang,Yu, Jun-Lin,Ren, Ya-Li,Luo, Zong-Yuan,Li, Gen,Chen, Yang,Wang, Si-Yao,Peng, Cheng,Yang, Ling-Ling,Wang, Zhou-Yu,Wu, Yong,Qian, Shan,Li, Guo-Bo
p. 8303 - 8332
(2021/06/30)

l -Proline as a Valuable Scaffold for the Synthesis of Novel Enantiopure Neonicotinoids Analogs
In this research, six neonicotinoid analogs derived from l-proline were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as insecticides against Xyleborus affinis. Most of the target compounds showed good to excellent insecticidal activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dealing with the use of enantiopure l-proline to get neonicotinoids. These results highlighted the compound 9 as an excellent candidate used as the lead chiral insecticide for future development. Additionally, molecular docking with the receptor and compound 9 was carried out to gain insight into its high activity when compared to dinotefuran. Finally, the neurotoxic evaluation of compound 9 showed lower toxicity than the classic neonicotinoid dinotefuran.
Bonilla-Landa, Israel,Cuapio-Mu?oz, Ulises,Luna-Hernández, Axel,Reyes-Luna, Alfonso,Rodríguez-Hernández, Alfredo,Ibarra-Juarez, Arturo,Suarez-Mendez, Gabriel,Barrera-Méndez, Felipe,Caram-Salas, Nadia,Enríquez-Medrano, J. Francisco,Díaz De León, Ramón E.,Olivares-Romero, José Luis
p. 1455 - 1465
(2021/02/16)

Kras-G12C inhibitor heterocyclic compounds
The invention relates to Kras-G12C inhibitor heterocyclic compounds represented by formula I, a preparation method thereof, and application of the Kras-G12C inhibitor heterocyclic compounds in prevention and treatment of tumor diseases such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. In the preparation process, the compounds of the general formula I are obtained through a series of reactions such as SN2 reaction, protection, coupling reaction, deprotection, condensation reaction and the like.
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Paragraph 0568; 0574-0577

(2021/06/23)

A One-Pot Iodo-Cyclization/Transition Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Sequence: Synthesis of Substituted Oxazolidin-2-ones from N-Boc-allylamines
A one-pot iodo-cyclization/transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling sequence is reported to access various C5-functionalized oxazolidin-2-ones from unsaturated N-Boc-allylamines. Depending on the Grignard reagents used for the cross-coupling, e.g., aryl- or cyclopropylmagnesium bromide, a cobalt or copper catalyst has to be used to obtain the functionalized oxazolidin-2-ones in good yields.
Chaumont-Olive, Pauline,Cossy, Janine
supporting information

(2020/05/14)

CONJUGATION LINKERS CONTAINING 2,3-DIAMINOSUCCINYL GROUP
Provided is a conjugate of a cytotoxic drug/molecule to a cell-binding molecule with a bis-linker (adual-linker) containing a 2, 3-diaminosuccinyl group. It also relates to preparation of the conjugate of a cytotoxic drug/molecule to a cell-binding molecule with the bis-linker, particularly when the drug having functional groups of amino, hydroxyl, diamino, amino-hydroxyl, dihydroxyl, carboxyl, hydrazine, aldehyde and thiol for conjugation with the bis-linker in a specific manner, as well as the therapeutic use of the conjugates.
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Page/Page column 205

(2020/05/19)

Discovery of substituted 3H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones as potent, biased, and orally bioavailable sst2 agonist
The discovery of a novel 3H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one series as potent and biased sst2 agonists is described. This class of molecules exhibits excellent sst2 potency and selectivity against sst1, sst3, and sst5 receptors, and they are significantly more potent at inhibiting cAMP production than inducing internalization. The orally bioavailable 6-(3-chloro-5-methylphenyl)-3-(3-fluoro-5-hydroxyphenyl)-5-({methyl[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl]amino}methyl)-3H,4H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one (36) also suppresses GH secretion in GHRH-challenged rats in a dose-dependent manner.
Betz, Stephen F.,Chen, Zhiyong,Kusnetzow, Ana Karin,Nguyen, Julie,Rico-Bautista, Elizabeth,Struthers, R. Scott,Tan, Hannah,Zhao, Jian,Zhu, Yunfei
supporting information

(2020/08/26)

O-Alkyl S-(Pyridin-2-yl)carbonothiolates: Operationally Simple and Highly Nitrogen-Selective Reagents for Alkoxy Carbonylation of Amino Groups
Amino groups are selectively protected in good yields by reaction with O-Alkyl S-(pyridin-2-yl)carbonothiolates in an appropriate solvent at room temperature in air. Even glucosamine, which contains multiple hydroxyl groups, is selectively N-protected in methanol.
Hashimoto, Yoshimitsu,Morita, Nobuyoshi,Suzuki, Tomoyuki,Tamura, Osamu,Tanaka, Kosaku
p. 899 - 902
(2020/05/28)

Synthesis and photophysics of benzazole based triazoles with amino acid-derived pendant units. Multiparametric optical sensors for BSA and CT-DNA in solution
Herein we report the synthesis of a series of amino acid-derived triazoles by an organocatalytic cycloaddition reaction between azides and carbonyl compounds, catalyzed by a simple amine. These compounds present absorption maxima located in the UV-B ascribed to fully spin and symmetry allowed electronic transitions and a main fluorescence emission in the UV-A (~380 nm) with a relatively large Stokes shift (5700 cm?1). No significant solvatochromism was observed in both ground and excited states. Unexpectedly, the benzoxazole derivatives presented much higher fluorescence quantum yield values (40–80%) of compared to the sulfur analogues (3–6%). In addition, the DNA binding assays indicated that these compounds presented strong interaction with CT-DNA, which could be attributed to π-stacking and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding. The interaction of the benzazoles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also investigated, where a suppression mechanism was observed. In each case, docking was performed to better understand the observed interactions.
Debia, Natalí P.,Rodríguez, Juan J.P.,da Silveira, Carolina H.,Chaves, Otavio A.,Iglesias, Bernardo A.,Rodembusch, Fabiano S.,Lüdtke, Diogo S.
(2020/04/27)

Compound, preparation method thereof, pharmaceutical composition and application of compound
The invention discloses a compound, a preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition and application of the compound. The compound I, and a stereoisomer or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof can serve as a CDK7 kinase inhibitor, are high in inhibition activity, and can be used for treatment of various malignant tumors.
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Paragraph 0108-0111

(2020/01/03)

Pyrrolidine-Oxadiazolone Conjugates as Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Michael Reaction
Pyrrolidine-oxadiazolone based organocatalysts are envisaged, synthesized, and utilized for asymmetric Michael reactions. Results of the investigations suggest that some of the catalysts are indeed efficient for stereoselective 1,4-conjugated Michael additions (dr: >97:3, ee up to 99%) in high chemical yields (up to 97%) often in short reaction time. As an extension, one enantiopure Michael adduct has been utilized to synthesize optically active octahydroindole.
Mahato, Chandan K.,Mukherjee, Sayan,Kundu, Mrinalkanti,Pramanik, Animesh
p. 1053 - 1063
(2019/01/14)

CONJUGATION OF A CYTOTOXIC DRUG WITH BIS-LINKAGE
What provided is the conjugation of cytotoxic to a cell-binding molecule with a bis-linker(dual-linker) as shown in Formula (I). It provides bis-linkage methods of making a conjugate of a cytotoxic drug molecule to a cell-binding agent in a specific manner. It also relates to application of the conjugates for the treatment of a cancer, or an autoimmune disease, or an infectious disease.
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Paragraph 0683-0685

(2020/01/08)

Arylation of Aldehydes to Directly Form Ketones via Tandem Nickel Catalysis
A nickel-catalyzed arylation of both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes proceeds with air-stable (hetero)arylboronic acids, with an exceptionally wide substrate scope. The neutral condition tolerates acidic hydrogen and sensitive polar groups and also preserves α-stereocenters of some chiral aldehydes. Interestingly, this nickel(0) catalysis does not follow common 1,2-insertion of arylmetal species to aldehydes and β-hydrogen elimination.
Lei, Chuanhu,Zhu, Daoyong,Tangcueco, Vicente Iii Tiu,Zhou, Jianrong Steve
supporting information
p. 5817 - 5822
(2019/08/26)

Synthesis and evaluation of in vivo anti-hypothermic effect of all stereoisomers of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone mimetic: Rovatirelin Hydrate
We discovered the orally active thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) mimetic: (4S,5S)-5-methyl-N-{(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxo-3-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)propan-2-yl}-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidine-4-carboxamide 1 (rovatirelin). The central nervous system (CNS) effect of rovatirelin after intravenous (iv) administration is 100-fold higher than that of TRH. As 1 has four asymmetric carbons in its molecule, there are 16 stereoisomers. We synthesized and evaluated the anti-hypothermic effect of all stereoisomers of 1, which has the (4S),(5S),(2S),(2R) configuration from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, in order to clarify the structure?activity relationship (SAR) of stereoisomers. The (4R),(5R),(2R),(2S)-isomer 16 did not show any anti-hypothermic effect. Only the (4S),(5S),(2S),(2S)-isomer 10, which has the (2S)-2-methylpyrrolidine moiety at the C-terminus showed the anti-hypothermic effect similar to 1. Stereoisomers, which have the (5R) configuration of the oxazolidinone at the N-terminus and the (2R) configuration at the middle-part, showed a much lower anti-hypothermic effect than that of 1. On the other hand, stereoisomers, which have the (4R) configuration of the oxazolidinone at the N-terminus or the (2S) configuration of the C-terminus, have little influence on the anti-hypothermic effect.
Kobayashi, Naotake,Sato, Norihito,Sugita, Katsuji,Takahashi, Kouji,Sugawara, Tamio,Tada, Yukio,Yoshikawa, Takayoshi
(2019/11/20)

Isosteric expansion of the structural diversity of chiral ligands: Design and application of proline-based N,N′-dioxide ligands for copper-catalyzed enantioselective Henry reactions
Chiral N,N′-dioxide catalysts were designed based on isosteric approach. Using L-Proline as the starting material, a variety of chiral N,N′-dioxide ligands were obtained via conventional functional group transformations and were utilized in asymmetric Henry reactions between nitromethane and aromatic aldehydes. Using the N,N′-dioxide-copper(II) complexes as the catalysts, asymmetric Henry reaction produced the corresponding β-nitroalcohols in up to 66% yields and up to 83% ee's under mild conditions. The reactions were easy to carry out, and special care such as air or moisture-free conditions was not required.
Gao, En,Li, Meng,Duan, Lili,Li, Lin,Li, Yue-Ming
(2019/08/16)

FUMAGILLOL COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME
Disclosed herein, in part, are fumagillol compounds and methods of use in treating medical disorders, such as obesity. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making fumagillol compounds are provided. The compounds are contemplated to have activity against methionyl aminopeptidase 2.
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Paragraph 00149

(2018/03/06)

Pyrrolidine-carbamate based new and efficient chiral organocatalyst for asymmetric Michael addition of ketones to nitroolefins
The novel ((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl phenylcarbamate was synthesized and used as an efficient organocatalyst for the asymmetric Michael addition of cyclic/acyclic ketones to nitroolefins. Interestingly, the resulting Michael adducts were obtained in good to high yields (up to 96%) with excellent stereoselectivity (ee up to >99%, dr up to >99:1) without using any additive.
Kaur, Amarjit,Singh, Kamal Nain,Sharma, Esha,Shilpy,Rani, Poonam,Sharma, Sandeep Kumar
p. 6137 - 6143
(2018/09/29)

CONJUGATION LINKERS, CELL BINDING MOLECULE-DRUG CONJUGATES CONTAINING THE LIKERS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES SUCH CONJUGATES WITH THE LINKERS
The present invention relates to linkers having a group of propiolyl, substituted acryl (acryloyl), or disubstituted propanoyl, and using such linkers for the conjugation of compounds, in particular, cytotoxic agents to a cell-binding molecule.
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Page/Page column 159

(2018/05/27)

Synthesis of Amino Acid-Derived 1,2,3-Triazoles: Development of a Nontrivial Fluorescent Sensor in Solution for the Enantioselective Sensing of a Carbohydrate and Bovine Serum Albumin Interaction
A series of amino acid-derived 1,2,3-triazoles presenting the amino acid and the aromatic moieties connected by a triazole-4-carboxylate spacer is discussed in this work. These compounds were achieved in good yields by organocatalytic enamine-azide [3 + 2] cycloadditions. One of the molecules obtained, bearing a 7-chloroquinoline moiety, was photoactive in the UV-violet region and was successfully employed as a probe for substrate-specific enantiomeric sensing using d-(-)-arabinose and l-(+)-arabinose. The potential application as a fluorescent probe to detect protein in phosphate buffer solution was also explored using as model bovine serum albumin (BSA). The studied compounds presented both suppression and association behavior in the presence of BSA. In addition, theoretical calculations were performed at levels ωB97XD/cc-pVDZ and PBE1PBE/6-311+G(d,p) together with the polarizable continuum model to understand the interaction of the molecules with the enantiomers.
Debia, Natalí P.,Saraiva, Maiara T.,Martins, Bruna S.,Beal, Roiney,Gon?alves, Paulo F. B.,Rodembusch, Fabiano S.,Alves, Diego,Lüdtke, Diogo S.
p. 1348 - 1357
(2018/02/09)

Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction to access Nβ-protected amino alkyl isothiocyanates
A unified approach to access Nβ-protected amino alkyl isothiocyanates using Nβ-protected amino alkyl azides through a general strategy of Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction is described. The type of protocol used to access isothiocyanates depends on the availability of precursors and also, especially in the amino acid chemistry, on the behavior of other labile groups towards the reagents used in the protocols; fortunately, we were not concerned about both these factors as precursor-azides were prepared easily by standard protocols, and the present protocol can pave the way for accessing title compounds without affecting Boc, Cbz and Fmoc protecting groups, and benzyl and tertiary butyl groups in the side chains. The present strategy eliminates the need for the use of amines to obtain title compounds and thus, this method is step-economical; additional advantages include retention of chirality, convenient handling and easy purification. A few hitherto unreported compounds were also prepared, and all final compounds were completely characterized by IR, mass, optical rotation, and 1H and 13C NMR studies.
Santhosh,Durgamma,Shekharappa,Sureshbabu, Vommina V.
p. 4874 - 4880
(2018/07/15)

Prolinamides of Aminouracils, Organocatalyst Modifiable by Complementary Modules
We report the synthesis and evaluation of prolinamide organocatalysts that incorporate aminouracils. The features of these catalysts are enhanced NH acidity of the amide because of the electron-withdrawing nature of the heterocycle, an additional hydrogen-bond donor at the α or β positions of this functional group (using 6-aminouracil or 5,6-diaminouracil respectively), and it can be recovered due to its low solubility and used again without decreasing the enantioselectivity. A unique feature of these systems is the self-assembly capability with complementary modules by Watson–Crick interactions. These supramolecular adducts behave differently from the catalyst alone, some of them have lower performance but others improve the selectivity of the product. Therefore, this approach avoids the synthesis of many catalysts.
Ruíz-Pérez, Karen M.,Quiroz-García, Beatriz,Hernández-Rodríguez, Marcos
p. 5763 - 5772
(2018/11/10)

Induction of cell killing and autophagy by amphiphilic pyrrolidine derivatives on human pancreatic cancer cells
We have synthesized a wide array of structurally related amphiphilic compounds, containing a functionalized pyrrolidine polar group coupled to different ether-linked hydrocarbon chains, to generate novel structures with antitumor activity. These newly synthesized amphiphilic pyrrolidine-derived compounds were classified in three different sub-libraries regarding the number of hydroxyl groups substituting the pyrrolidine moiety at C3 and C4. Pyrrolidine compounds with one or none hydroxyl groups showed a potent cell killing activity against pancreatic cancer cells, but they lacked selectivity for tumor cells. Pyrrolidine compounds with two hydroxyl groups induced cell death in a wide variety of pancreatic cancer cell lines, and they were somewhat less cytotoxic to normal non-tumor cells. Among these latter compounds, the diol-derived pyrrolidine 20 ((2R,3R,4S)-2-{(9Z)-hexadec-9-en-1-yloxy]methyl}pyrrolidine-3,4-diol) induced autophagy and a potent apoptotic response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, which was inhibited by Bcl-XL overexpression and by caspase inhibition, in a way similar to that of the amphiphilic ether lipid edelfosine, with which it was compared. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy potentiated 20-mediated apoptosis. These structure-activity relationship studies point out the importance of the diol polar group and aliphatic side chain of 20 in promoting apoptosis against pancreatic cancer cells in a rather controlled way, and some additional subtle modifications were found to be potential modulators of the cytotoxic activity.
Bello, Claudia,Bai, Jianfei,Zambron, Bartosz K.,Elías-Rodríguez, Pilar,Gajate, Consuelo,Robina, Inmaculada,Caffa, Irene,Cea, Michele,Montecucco, Fabrizio,Nencioni, Alessio,Nahimana, Aimable,Aubry, Dominique,Breton, Caroline,Duchosal, Michel A.,Mollinedo, Faustino,Vogel, Pierre
p. 457 - 478
(2018/03/21)

Enantioselective Synthesis of 6,6-Disubstituted Pentafulvenes Containing a Chiral Pendant Hydroxy Group
Simple enantioselective synthesis of 6,6-disubstituted pentafulvenes bearing chiral pendant hydroxy groups are attained by cascade reactivity using commercially available proline-based organocatalysts. Condensation of cyclopentadiene with the acetyl function of a 1,2-formylacetophenone, followed by cyclization of a resulting fulvene-stabilized carbanion with the formyl group, generates bicyclic chiral alcohols with initial er values up to 94:6. Exceptional enantio-enrichment of the resultant alcohols results upon crystallization—even near racemic samples spontaneously de-racemize. This enables new families of substituted cyclopentadienes that are both enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure to be rapidly attained.
Nouch, Ryan,Cini, Melchior,Magre, Marc,Abid, Mohammed,Diéguez, Montserrat,Pàmies, Oscar,Woodward, Simon,Lewis, William
supporting information
p. 17195 - 17198
(2017/11/27)

Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (?)-Stemaphylline
Homologation of readily available α-boryl pyrrolidines with metal carbenoids is especially challenging even when good leaving groups (Cl?) are employed. By performing a solvent switch from Et2O to CHCl3, efficient 1,2-metalate rearrangement of the intermediate boronate occurs with both halide and ester leaving groups. The methodology was used in the total synthesis of the Stemona alkaloid (?)-stemaphylline in just 11 steps (longest linear sequence), with high stereocontrol (>20:1 d.r.) and 11 % overall yield. The synthesis also features a late-stage lithiation–borylation reaction with a tertiary amine containing carbenoid.
Varela, Ana,Garve, Lennart K. B.,Leonori, Daniele,Aggarwal, Varinder K.
p. 2127 - 2131
(2017/02/15)

Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of dolastatin 10 analogues with N-terminal modifications
We have described the synthesis of the two complex units (2R,3R,4S)-dolaproine (Dap) and (3R,4S,5S)-dolaisoleuine (Dil) of dolastatin 10 from natural amino acids. The stereoselective syntheses of N-Boc-Dap (4a) and N-Boc-(2S)-iso-Dap (4b) were performed by employing crotylation of N-Boc-L-prolinal as a key step. Barbier-type allylation of N-Boc-L-isoleucinal provided a mild and convenient approach for the synthesis of N-Boc-Dil (5a) and N-Boc-(3S)-iso-Dil (5b). Ten dolastatin 10 analogues have been designed and synthesized with N-terminal modifications based on the known compound monomethylauristatin F (MMAF, 3). In comparison with MMAF (3), four of the compounds showed enhanced potency against HCT 116 human colon cancer cells in?vitro.
Wang, Xin,Dong, Suzhen,Feng, Dengke,Chen, Yazhou,Ma, Mingliang,Hu, Wenhao
p. 2255 - 2266
(2017/03/24)

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase: Substrate isosteres in which an (E)- or (Z)-alkene replaces the prolyl peptide bond
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases (CP4Hs) catalyze a prevalent posttranslational modification, the hydroxylation of (2S)-proline residues in protocollagen strands. The ensuing (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline residues are necessary for the conformational stability of the collagen triple helix. Prolyl peptide bonds isomerize between cis and trans isomers, and the preference of the enzyme is unknown. We synthesized alkene isosteres of the cis and trans isomers to probe the conformational preferences of human CP4H1. We discovered that the presence of a prolyl peptide bond is necessary for catalysis. The cis isostere is, however, an inhibitor with a potency greater than that of the trans isostere, suggesting that the cis conformation of a prolyl peptide bond is recognized preferentially. Comparative studies with a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P4H, which has a similar catalytic domain but lacks an N-terminal substrate-binding domain, showed a similar preference for the cis isostere. These findings support the hypothesis that the catalytic domain of CP4Hs recognizes the cis conformation of the prolyl peptide bond and inform the use of alkenes as isosteres for peptide bonds.
Vasta, James D.,Choudhary, Amit,Jensen, Katrina H.,McGrath, Nicholas A.,Raines, Ronald T.
p. 219 - 227
(2017/12/08)

As hepatitis c inhibitor spiro compound and its use in medicine
The invention provides a spiro compound serving as a hepatitis c inhibitor and application thereof in a medicine. The compound is a compound as shown in a formula (I) or a stereisomer, a geometric isomer, a tautomer, nitric oxide, an aquo-complex, a solvate, a metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug of the compound as shown in the formula (I). The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, application of the compound and the pharmaceutical composition in inhibition of HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) copy and HCV virus protein, as well as the application of the compound and the pharmaceutical composition in prevention, handling, treatment or relieving of HCV infection or hepatitis c disease for a patient. The formula I is as shown in the specification.
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Paragraph 0809-0811

(2017/12/28)

Trisubstituted Pyridinylimidazoles as Potent Inhibitors of the Clinically Resistant L858R/T790M/C797S EGFR Mutant: Targeting of Both Hydrophobic Regions and the Phosphate Binding Site
Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor represents one of the most promising strategies in the treatment of lung cancer. Acquired resistance compromises the clinical efficacy of EGFR inhibitors during long-term treatment. The recently discovered EGFR-C797S mutation causes resistance against third-generation EGFR inhibitors. Here we present a rational approach based on extending the inhibition profile of a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor toward mutant EGFR inhibition. We used a privileged scaffold with proven cellular potency as well as in vivo efficacy and low toxicity. Guided by molecular modeling, we synthesized and studied the structure-activity relationship of 40 compounds against clinically relevant EGFR mutants. We successfully improved the cellular EGFR inhibition down to the low nanomolar range with covalently binding inhibitors against a gefitinib resistant T790M mutant cell line. We identified additional noncovalent interactions, which allowed us to develop metabolically stable inhibitors with high activities against the osimertinib resistant L858R/T790M/C797S mutant.
Günther, Marcel,Lategahn, Jonas,Juchum, Michael,D?ring, Eva,Keul, Marina,Engel, Julian,Tumbrink, Hannah L.,Rauh, Daniel,Laufer, Stefan
p. 5613 - 5637
(2017/07/22)

NOVEL BETULINIC SUBSTITUTED AMIDE DERIVATIVES AS HIV INHIBITORS
The present invention relates to novel betulinic substituted amide compounds of formula (I); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, X, Y, Z1, Z2, Z3 and are Formula (II) as defined herein. The invention novel betulinic substituted amide derivatives, related compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions useful for the therapeutic treatment of viral diseases and particularly HIV mediated diseases.
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Page/Page column 63

(2017/02/24)

Novel reversible methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP-2) inhibitors based on purine and related bicyclic templates
The natural product fumagillin 1 and derivatives like TNP-470 2 or beloranib 3 bind to methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP-2) irreversibly. This enzyme is critical for protein maturation and plays a key role in angiogenesis. In this paper we describe the synthesis, MetAP-2 binding affinity and structural analysis of reversible MetAP-2 inhibitors. Optimization of enzymatic activity of screening hit 10 (IC50: 1?μM) led to the most potent compound 27 (IC50: 0.038?μM), with a concomitant improvement in LLE from 2.1 to 4.2. Structural analysis of these MetAP-2 inhibitors revealed an unprecedented conformation of the His339 side-chain imidazole ring being co-planar sandwiched between the imidazole of His331 and the aryl-ether moiety, which is bound to the purine scaffold. Systematic alteration and reduction of H-bonding capability of this metal binding moiety induced an unexpected 180° flip for the triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimdine bicyclic template.
Heinrich, Timo,Buchstaller, Hans-Peter,Cezanne, Bertram,Rohdich, Felix,Bomke, J?rg,Friese-Hamim, Manja,Krier, Mireille,Kn?chel, Thorsten,Musil, Djordje,Leuthner, Birgitta,Zenke, Frank
p. 551 - 556
(2017/01/17)

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel Akt1 inhibitors based on an indole scaffold
A new series of potential Akt1 inhibitors with indole scaffold were designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activity against PC-3 cell line and enzyme inhibitory activity against Akt1 were evaluated. Among them, some compounds showed much more potent antiproliferative activity and stronger Akt1 inhibitory activity compared to the positive control of GSK690693. In particular, compound 19b exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against Akt1 with inhibition rate of 70.3% at a concentration of 10?nm. Furthermore, compound 19b could dose dependently reduce the phosphorylation of the downstream GSK3β protein in the PC-3 cell line and displayed fivefold higher antiproliferative activity against PC-3 cell line with IC50 value of 3.1?±?0.1?μm than positive control (15.5?±?0.4?μm). Herein, compound 19b may serve as a promising lead for further optimization and development of novel Akt1 inhibitors based on an indole scaffold.
Yang, Dezhi,Tong, Dongdong,Zhang, Qian,Wang, Yongtao,Sun, Jing,Zhang, Fenghe,Zhao, Guisen
p. 791 - 803
(2017/09/30)

Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Branched Amides
A general asymmetric route for the one-step synthesis of chiral β-branched amides is reported through the highly enantioselective isomerization of allylamines, followed by enamine exchange, and subsequent oxidation. The enamine exchange allows for a rapid and modular synthesis of various amides, including challenging β-diaryl and β-cyclic.
Wu, Zhao,Laffoon, Joshua D.,Nguyen, Trang T.,McAlpin, Jacob D.,Hull, Kami L.
supporting information
p. 1371 - 1375
(2017/01/24)

Stereoselective Modulation of P-Glycoprotein by Chiral Small Molecules
Inhibition of drug efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an approach toward combating multidrug resistance, which is a significant hurdle in current cancer treatments. To address this, N-substituted aryloxymethyl pyrrolidines were designed and synthesized in their homochiral forms in order to investigate the stereochemical requirements for the binding site of P-gp. Our study provides evidence that the chiral property of molecules could be a strategy for improving the capacity for interacting with P-gp, as the most active compounds of the series stereoselectively modulated this efflux pump. The naphthalene-1-yl analogue (R)-2-[(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)methyl]-1-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine) [(R)-7 a] emerged foremost for its potency and stereoselectivity toward P-gp, with the S enantiomer being nearly inactive. The modulation of P-gp by (R)-7 a involved consumption of ATP, thus demonstrating that the compound behaves as a P-gp substrate.
Carocci, Alessia,Catalano, Alessia,Turi, Francesco,Lovece, Angelo,Cavalluzzi, Maria M.,Bruno, Claudio,Colabufo, Nicola A.,Contino, Marialessandra,Perrone, Maria G.,Franchini, Carlo,Lentini, Giovanni
p. 93 - 101
(2016/01/15)

SPECIFIC CONJUGATION LINKERS, SPECIFIC IMMUNOCONJUGATES THEREOF, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES SUCH CONJUGATES THEREOF
The present invention relates to novel linkers containing a 2,3-disubstituted succinic group, or 2-monosubstituted, or 2,3-disubstituted fumaric or maleic (trans (E)- or cis (Z)- butenedioic), or acetylenedicarboxyl group for conjugation of a cytotoxic agent, and/or one or more different functional molecules per linker to a cell-binding molecule, through bridge linking pairs of thiols on the cell-binding molecule specifically. The invention also relates to methods of making such linkers, and of using such linkers in making homogeneous conjugates, as well as of application of the conjugates in treatment of cancers, infections and autoimmune disorders.
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Page/Page column 116-117

(2016/05/24)

NOVEL BETULINIC PROLINE IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS HIV INHIBITORS
The present invention relates to novel betulinic proline imidazole derivatives and related compounds, compositions useful for therapeutic treatment of viral diseases and particularly HIV mediated diseases.
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Page/Page column 32

(2016/01/25)

A base promoted multigram synthesis of aminoisoxazoles: Valuable building blocks for drug discovery and peptidomimetics
A practical multigram metal free synthesis of isoxazole-containing building blocks from commercially available amino acids was elaborated. The key reaction was a regioselective [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of in situ generated nitrile oxides with alkynes/enamines. The obtained building blocks were used in the preparation of bioactive compounds and peptidomimetics.
Chalyk, Bohdan A.,Kandaurova, Inna Y.,Hrebeniuk, Kateryna V.,Manoilenko, Olga V.,Kulik, Irene B.,Iminov, Rustam T.,Kubyshkin, Vladimir,Tverdokhlebov, Anton V.,Ablialimov, Osman K.,Mykhailiuk, Pavel K.
p. 25713 - 25723
(2016/03/25)

Organocatalysis Intermediates as Platforms to Study Noncovalent Interactions: Integrating Fluorine Gauche Effects in Iminium Systems to Facilitate Acyclic Conformational Control
Achieving acyclic conformational control over several bonds has been realized by the strategic installation of a vicinal difluoroethane bridge in a generic proline-derived organocatalyst. The torsion angle φFCCF is governed by stabilizing hyperconjugative interactions (σ→σ?), thus ensuring a 60° relationship. This effect has been telescoped by positioning a stereogenic fluorine center proximal to the nucleophilic amine. Upon iminium formation, this center is rendered electron deficient, thus triggering a dynamic fluorine iminium ion gauche effect. Consequently, conformational control over five atoms and four bonds can be achieved by reversible formation of an iminium π-bond.
Molnár, István Gábor,Holland, Mareike C.,Daniliuc, Constantin,Houk,Gilmour, Ryan
supporting information
p. 1051 - 1055
(2016/05/19)

Benzimidazole-2-piperazine compound, its pharmaceutical composition and its preparation and use
The invention relates to a benzimidazole-2-piperazine derivative and a preparing method and application of the benzimidazole-2-piperazine derivative in medicine, in particular to a novel benzimidazole-2-piperazine derivative shown in the general formula (I), a preparing method of the derivative, a pharmaceutical composition containing the derivative and application of the derivative serving as a therapeutic agent, especially serving as a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. In the general formula (I), R refers to hydrogen or halogen, G refers to carbonyl or methylene, m is 1-2, n is 1-3, and Q refers to hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl. When X is methylene and Y is NR1 or methylene, X is NR1; R1 refers to hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, COR2 or SO2R2; R2 refers to the following groups which are not substituted or groups substituted by 1-3 substituent groups, including C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 naphthenic base, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl and C5-C10 aromatic heterocycle base, heterocycle in the C5-C10 aromatic heterocycle base comprises 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and the substituent groups are selected from the following atoms or groups of C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogen, amidogen, nitryl, sulfydryl, hydroxyl, cyanogroup and trifluoromethyl. The general formula (I) is shown in the specification.
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Paragraph 0207; 0246-0248

(2016/10/20)

A removing the hydroxy group of a benzyl protecting group method (by machine translation)
The invention discloses a process for the removal of the hydroxyl group of a method of a benzyl protecting group, the method is as follows: to the hydroxy compound by the hydroxy group with protection of the benzyl protecting group of the benzyl compound as reaction substrate, in order to 2, the 3 [...] two chloro -5,6 the [...] two cyanato -1, the 4 [...] benzoquinone (DDQ) and phthalocyanine ferrous (Fe II Pc) as catalyst, in order to 4,4 '-bipyridine (4, the 4 [...] -bpy) as an auxiliary agent, with oxygen as the oxidizing agent, in an organic solvent in the reaction substrate, the oxygen pressure 0.3-0.6 MPa, temperature 60-120 °C reaction is carried out under the condition of, removing the hydroxy group of a benzyl protecting group obtain hydroxyl compound. With the traditional use of chemical metering of oxidation with DDQ for the protection, the consumption of DDQ in this invention is greatly reduced, reducing the cost of reaction; with DDQ as catalyst, metal oxide or metal salt is compared with oxidation of the oxidizing agent for the protection, the used in the present invention oxygen as the oxidizing agent, reduces the environmental costs. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0031

(2016/11/07)

Pyrrolidine modified PANF catalyst for asymmetric Michael addition of ketones to nitrostyrenes in aqueous phase
Three chiral pyrrolidine functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber catalysts have been designed, prepared, and evaluated for their catalytic performance in asymmetric Michael addition of ketones to nitrostyrenes in water. With the optimized catalysts and conditions in hand, their reaction scope for nitrostyrenes was explored. Then the fiber catalysts were further applied to a packed-bed reactor for continuous-flow Michael addition. Based on the fact that organic solvent can inhibit the catalytic activity, a novel microenvironment catalytic mechanism is proposed.
Du, Jianguo,Shuai, Bin,Tao, Minli,Wang, Guangwei,Zhang, Wenqin
p. 2625 - 2631
(2016/05/24)

6-AMINO QUINAZOLINE OR 3-CYANO QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES, PREPARATION PROCESS AND PHARMACEUTICAL USE THEREOF
The present disclosure relates to 6-amino quinazoline or 3-cyano quinoline derivatives, preparation processes and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to novel 6-amino quinazoline or 3-cyano quinoline derivatives presented by formula (I), or its tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemate or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or metabolite, metabolic precursor or prodrug thereof, and the uses for treatment especially for protein kinase inhibitors, in which each substitute group of general formula (I) is as defined in the specification.
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Page/Page column 33

(2016/10/08)

A rapid and efficient one-pot method for the reduction of N-protected α-amino acids to chiral α-amino aldehydes using CDI/DIBAL-H
N-Protected amino acids can be easily converted into chiral α-amino aldehydes in a one-pot reaction by activation with CDI followed by reduction with DIBAL-H. This method delivers Boc-, Cbz- and Fmoc-protected amino aldehydes from proteinogenic amino acids in very good isolated yields and complete stereointegrity.
Ivkovic, Jakov,Lembacher-Fadum, Christian,Breinbauer, Rolf
p. 10456 - 10460
(2015/11/10)

Synthesis of (+)-Ipalbidine Based on 6-exo-trig Radical Cyclization of a β-Amino Radical
N-Boc (S)-proline was converted into (2S)-2-[(phenylselanyl)methyl]pyrrolidine, which was alkylated on nitrogen with 2-bromo-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one. Reaction with vinyllithium, 6-exo-trig radical cyclization (Bu3SnH, AIBN, PhMe, 110 °C), dehydration (P2O5, H3PO4), and demethylation (BBr3) gave (+)-ipalbidine with ee >99%.
Chea, JongMyoung,Clive, Derrick L. J.
p. 10294 - 10298
(2015/11/03)

AURISTATIN ANALOGUES AND THEIR CONJUGATES WITH CELL-BINDING MOLECULES
This invention relates to analogues of auristatins, in particular monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), as cytotoxic agents, conjugates of such cytotoxic agents with a cell-binding agent, the preparation and the therapeutic uses of these cytotoxic agents and conjugates thereof to arrest or retard abnormal cell growth and /or proliferation.
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Page/Page column 6; 61

(2015/11/18)

NOVEL LINKERS AND THEIR USES IN SPECIFIC CONJUGATION OF DRUGS TO A BIOLOGICAL MOLECULE
The present invention relates to novel linkers containing a 2,3-disubstituted succinic group, or 2-monosubstituted, or 2,3-disubstituted fumaric or maleic (trans (E)- or cis (Z)- butenedioic) group for conjugation of two or more compounds/cytotoxic agents per linker to a cell-binding molecule, through bridge linking pairs of thiols on the cell-binding molecule specifically. The invention also relates to methods of making such linkers, and of using such linkers in making homogeneous conjugates, as well as of application of the conjugates in treatment of cancers, infections and autoimmune disorders.
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Page/Page column 92; 93

(2015/11/17)

SPIRO COMPOUNDS AS HEPATITIS C VIRUS INHIBITORS
Disclosed are spiro compounds of formula (I), or stereomers, geometric isomers, tautomers, nitrogen oxides, hydrates, solvates, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof. The compounds can be used to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or hepatitis C disease. Furthermore disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and the method of using the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment of HCV infection or hepatitis C disease.
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Page/Page column 0277-0282

(2015/11/09)

Bridged Ring compounds As Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Inhibitors And Pharmaceutical Applications Thereof
Provided herein is a compound having Formula (I), or a stereoisomer, a geometric isomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, which can be used for treating HCV infection or a HCV disorder. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds disclosed herein, which can be used for treating HCV infection or a HCV disorder.
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Paragraph 0748; 0769; 0770; 0771

(2015/03/28)

A PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF (2S, 5R)-7-OXO-N-[(2S)-PYRROLIDIN-2-YL-METHYLOXY]-6-(SULFOOXY)-1,6-DIAZABICYCLO[3.2.1]OCTANE-2-CARBOXAMIDE
A process for preparation of compound of Formula (I) is disclosed.
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(2015/06/11)

The discovery of potent nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitors with a unique resistance profile - Part 1
Nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) represents a novel target for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Daclatasvir, recently reported by Bristol-Myers-Squibb, is a potent NS5A inhibitor currently under investigation in phase 3 clinical trials. While the performance of daclatasvir has been impressive, the emergence of resistance could prove problematic and as such, improved analogues are being sought. By varying the biphenyl-imidazole unit of daclatasvir, novel inhibitors of HCV NS5A were identified with an improved resistance profile against mutant strains of the virus while retaining the picomolar potency of daclatasvir. One compound in particular, methyl ((S)-1-((S)-2-(4-(4-(6-(2-((S)-1-((methoxycarbonyl)-L-valyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl) -1H-imidazol-5-yl)quinoxalin-2-yl)phenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl) -3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate (17), exhibited very promising activity and showed good absorption and a long predicted human pharmacokinetic half-life. This compound represents a promising lead that warrants further evaluation. Resisting resistance: An investigation into the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon activity of a series of biaryl-linked pyrrolidine NS5A inhibitors explored a diverse range of core structure modifications as key determinants of antiviral activity and susceptibility to common resistance mutations. Further evaluation of several core structure designs identified a compound with excellent pharmacokinetics, suitable for once daily dosing.
Tran, Thien Duc,Wakenhut, Florian,Pickford, Chris,Shaw, Stephen,Westby, Mike,Smith-Burchnell, Caroline,Watson, Lesa,Paradowski, Michael,Milbank, Jared,Brimage, Rebecca A.,Halstead, Rebecca,Glen, Rebecca,Wilson, Craig P.,Adam, Fiona,Hay, Duncan,Chiva, Jean-Yves,Nichols, Carly,Blakemore, David C.,Gardner, Iain,Dayal, Satish,Pike, Andrew,Webster, Rob,Pryde, David C.
p. 1378 - 1386
(2014/07/21)