540-59-0 Usage
Description
Acetylene dichloride is a colourless liquid (usually a mixture of the cis and trans isomers)
with a slightly acrid, chloroform-like odour. Acetylene dichloride is a chemical used
mainly in the production of perfumes, dyes, and thermoplastics. The type and severity
of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of
the exposure. It is incompatible with strong oxidisers, strong alkalis, potassium hydroxide,
and copper. Acetylene dichloride is highly flammable and in a fire gives off irritating
or toxic fumes/gases. (Acetylene dichloride usually contains inhibitors to prevent
polymerisation.)
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 540-59-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. clear colorless to pale yellow liquid
2. Acetylene dichloride is a colorless liquid (usually a mixture of the cis and trans isomers)
with a slightly acrid, chloroform-like odor. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong
alkalis, potassium hydroxide, and copper. Acetylene dichloride is highly flammable and
in a fi re gives off irritating or toxic fumes/gases. (Acetylene dichloride usually contains
inhibitors to prevent polymerization.)
Uses
1,2-Dichloroethylene is used as a
solvent for organic materials and as an intermediate
in the synthesis of other chlorinated
compounds; it may be produced by the chlorination
of acetylene but is often produced as a
by-product in the manufacture of other chlorinated
compounds.
General Description
A clear colorless liquid with ether-like odor. Mixture of cis and trans isomers. Flashpoint 36 - 43° F. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE is sensitive to air, light and moisture. Heat contributes to instability. Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE reacts violently with sodium, sodium hydroxide, copper and copper alloys. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE can react with caustic alkynes or their concentrated solutions. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE forms explosive mixtures with N2O4. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE is incompatible with strong oxidizers. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE is corrosive to metals. 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.
Health Hazard
Different sources of media describe the Health Hazard of 540-59-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Inhalation causes nausea, vomiting, weakness, tremor, epigastric cramps, central nervous depression. Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and (on prolonged contact) skin. Ingestion causes slight depression to deep narcosis.
2. Exposures to acetylene dichloride cause irritation to the eyes, respiratory system, and CNS
depression with symptoms of cough, sore throat, dizziness, nausea, drowsiness, weakness,
unconsciousness, and vomiting. It involves the eyes, respiratory system, and the CNS
as the target organs. Prolonged periods of exposure to acetylene dichloride defats the skin
and may have effects on the liver.
Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Will not occur under ordinary conditions of shipment. The reaction is not vigorous; Inhibitor of Polymerization: None used.
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation.
Moderately toxic by ingestion. A skin
irritant. When heated to decomposition it
emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-. See also
ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS, and
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS,
ALIPHATIC .
Carcinogenicity
In genotoxic assays the cis isomer induced
chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone
marrow cells after intraperitoneal injections.7
Neither isomer was mutagenic in bacterial
assays, nor did they produce chromosomal
aberrations or sister chromatid exchanges in
mammalian cells in vitro.
The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit valuetime-
weighted average (TLV-TWA) for 1,2-
dichloroethylene is 200ppm (793mg/m3).
Purification Methods
Shake it successively with conc H2SO4, water, aqueous NaHCO3 and water. Dry it with MgSO4 and fractionally distil it to separate the cis-and trans-isomers. [Beilstein 1 IV 707-709.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 540-59-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 5,4 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 540-59:
(5*5)+(4*4)+(3*0)+(2*5)+(1*9)=60
60 % 10 = 0
So 540-59-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C2H2Cl2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H/b2-1+
540-59-0Relevant articles and documents
Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Assisted One-pot Tandem Reaction for Vinyl Chloride Production via Ethylene Oxychlorination
Chen, De,Chen, Qingjun,Fuglerud, Terje,Ma, Guoyan,Ma, Hongfei,Qi, Yanying,Rout, Kumar R.,Wang, Yalan
supporting information, p. 22080 - 22085 (2020/10/02)
A bifunctional catalyst comprising CuCl2/Al2O3 and nitrogen-doped carbon was developed for an efficient one-pot ethylene oxychlorination process to produce vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) up to 76 % yield at 250 °C and under ambient pressure, which is higher than the conventional industrial two-step process (≈50 %) in a single pass. In the second bed, active sites containing N-functional groups on the metal-free N-doped carbon catalyzed both ethylene oxychlorination and ethylene dichloride (EDC) dehydrochlorination under the mild conditions. Benefitting from the bifunctionality of the N-doped carbon, VCM formation was intensified by the surface Cl*-looping of EDC dehydrochlorination and ethylene oxychlorination. Both reactions were enhanced by in situ consumption of surface Cl* by oxychlorination, in which Cl* was generated by EDC dehydrochlorination. This work offers a promising alternative pathway to VCM production via ethylene oxychlorination at mild conditions through a single pass reactor.
INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE
-
Page/Page column 6-7, (2008/06/13)
Describes an integrated process for preparing 1,2-dichloroethylenes. In the described process organic feed material, e.g., C2-C4 aliphatic hydrocarbons and/or chlorinated derivatives of such aliphatic hydrocarbons, is introduced into a first reaction zone 10, e.g., a chlorination zone such as an oxychlorination zone, or a thermal cracking zone; first product effluent from the first reaction zone is forwarded to a second reaction zone 9; trichloroethane is introduced into the second reaction zone and into heat exchange contact with the first product effluent from the first reaction zone, which has a heat content sufficient to cause thermal dehydrochlorination of trichloroethane in the second reaction zone; and second product effluent is removed from the second reaction zone. 1,2-dichloroethylene is recovered by conventional distillation recovery methods from the second product effluent.
Liquid-Phase Chlorination of Chlorosilyl-substituted Ethylenes and Acetylenes
Lakhtin,Sheludyakov,Chernyshev
, p. 708 - 710 (2007/10/03)
The liquid-phase chlorination of bis(chloromethylsilyl)ethylenes and -acetylenes MenQ3-nSiZ · SiMenCl 3-n (n = 0-3; Z = CH=CH, C≡C) was studied. Novel carbochlorosilanes were obtained and characterized. The effe
