F+:Highly flammable;
109-66-0Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of a Highly Active Superacid of Platinum-supported Zirconia for Reaction of Butane
Hino, Makoto,Arata, Kazushi
, p. 789 - 790 (1995)
A highly active superacid of 8 masspercent Pt-supported ZrO2 for the skeletal isomerization of butane to isobutane is obtained by impregnating zirconia gel with 0.5 mol dm-3 H2SO4 followed by drying, impregnating the sulfated gel with a solution of H2PtCl6, and finally calcining in air at 600 deg C.
Photoassisted Isomerisation of Olefins by Platinum Complexes
Courtot, Pierre,Pichon, Roger,Salauen, Jean-Yves
, p. 542 - 543 (1981)
Photoassisted isomerisation of carbon-carbon double bonds has been affected for the first time in the presence of platinum complexes; pent-2-ene, hex-2-ene, and 1,2-dichloroethene can be cis-trans interconverted with high efficiency.
LE COMPLEXE 2> CATALYSEUR HOMOGENE D'HYDROGENATION ET D'HYDROSILYLATION D'OLEFINES ET D'ALDEHYDES ET CETONES α,β-INSATURES
Rumin, R.
, p. 351 - 356 (1983)
The chloro-bridged platinum(II) complex dichlorobis(2,4,6-trimethylpyridine)platinum was found to be an active catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation and hydrosilylation of olefins and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure.Hydrosilylation of terminal olefins can be achieved with dimethylphenylsilane and a catalyst/reactant ratio of 10-6/1.This complex is the first example of a platinum(II) compound containing pyridine ligands having good catalytic activity possibilities.
The roles of carbide and hydride in oxide-supported palladium nanoparticles for alkyne hydrogenation
Tew, Min Wei,Janousch, Markus,Huthwelker, Thomas,Van Bokhoven, Jeroen A.
, p. 45 - 54 (2011)
Particle size affects the activity and selectivity to partial hydrogenation of 1-pentyne over oxide-supported palladium nanoparticles. Larger particles are intrinsically more selective because of the weaker bond strength of 1-pentene. In situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) at the Pd L3 edge revealed the formation of a carbide-like phase as soon as the catalyst is exposed to alkyne, irrespective of particle size. The newly formed phase prevented hydride formation. Surface poisoning of the palladium carbide by alkyne is responsible for the constantly high selectivity, up to almost complete conversion. At almost 100% conversion, all catalysts show low selectivity. The lack of significant pentyne adsorption on the surface causes pentene to undergo consecutive reactions, such as isomerization and complete hydrogenation. The structure of the catalyst was that of carbide-like phase and did not change. Palladium hydride did not form under any of the conditions. Exposure of a carbided catalyst to pure hydrogen leads to partial reversal of the structure. Hydride is not essential for complete hydrogenation to occur.
Some Diels-Alder reactions of trimethoxysilylpropylcyclopentadiene and the synthesis of a silica-supported 4,5-dicyanonorbornenepalladium complex
Adeleke, J. A.,Booth, B. L.
, p. 223 - 230 (1988)
Trimethoxysilylpropylcyclopentadiene reacts with the electron-deficient acetylenes, RO2CC2CO2R (R=Me, Et) and olefins R1CH=CHR2 (R1=H, R2=SOPh; R1=R2=P(O)Ph2, R1=R2=CN) to give the corresponding Diels-Alder adducts.The compounds CHCl=CHCl and E-Ph2P(S)CH=CHP(S)Ph2 failed to react under similar conditions.The adduct from fumarodinitrile has been used to synthesise a silica-anchored bis-nitrile palladium chloride complex, which catalyses the isomerisation of pent-1-ene.
Homologation of Small Alkanes on Pt, Pd and Ni Catalysts. Contribution of Intermediate Carbenes to Skeletal Isomerisation
Sarkany, Antal
, p. 103 - 108 (1986)
Chain lengthening homologation of propane, n-butane, 2-methylpropane, 2-methylbutane and 2,2-dimethylpropane has been investigated over Pt, Pd and Ni catalysts.With both Pd and Ni the chain lengthening selectivity was observed to be commensurable to the isomerisation one.Addition of CHx onto the β-carbon atom in n-butane and propane as well as chain lengthening of 2-methylpropane and 2-methylbutane were observed.The mechanism of the skeletal rearragement is discussed in terms of CHx addition.
Understanding ketone hydrodeoxygenation for the production of fuels and feedstocks from biomass
King, Amanda E.,Brooks, Ty J.,Tian, Yong-Hui,Batista, Enrique R.,Sutton, Andrew D.
, p. 1223 - 1226 (2015)
Although we can efficiently convert bioderived furans into linear alkanes, the most energy-intensive step in this approach is the hydrodeoxygenation of the intermediate polyketone. To fully understand this process, we have examined the hydrodeoxygenation of a model compound, 3-pentanone, which allows us to follow this process stepwise using Pd/C, H2 (200 psi), and La(OTf)3 in acetic acid to remove the oxygen atom at temperatures between 25 and 200 C. We have found that ketone reduction to an alcohol is followed by acetoxylation, which provides a more facile route to C-O bond cleavage relative to the parent alcohol. (Chemical Presented).
Oligomerisation of alkenes by radical initiation
Cowley, Michele
, p. 286 - 288 (2007)
The use of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) as initiator for the radical oligomerisation of 1-octene and pentene, typical Fischer-Tropsch-derived products, was studied in the temperature range 100-200°C. Using this approach, the favourable product distributi
Selective hydrogenolysis of furfuryl alcohol to 1,5- and 1,2-pentanediol over Cu-LaCoO3 catalysts with balanced Cu0-CoO sites
Gao, Fangfang,Liu, Hailong,Hu, Xun,Chen, Jing,Huang, Zhiwei,Xia, Chungu
, p. 1711 - 1723 (2018)
Selective hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol (FFA) to 1,5- and 1,2-pentanediol (PeD) was conducted over Cu-LaCoO3 catalysts with different Cu loadings; the catalysts were derived from perovskite structures prepared by a one-step citrate complexing method. The catalytic performances of the Cu-LaCoO3 catalysts were found to depend on the Cu loading and pretreatment conditions. The catalyst with 10 wt% Cu loading exhibited the best catalytic performance after prereduction in 5%H2-95%N2, achieving a high FFA conversion of 100% and selectivity of 55.5% for 1,5-pentanediol (40.3%) and 1,2-pentanediol (15.2%) at 413 K and 6 MPa H2. This catalyst could be reused four times without a loss of FFA conversion but it resulted in a slight decrease in pentanediol selectivity. Correlation between the structural changes in the catalysts at different states and the simultaneous variation in the catalytic performance revealed that cooperative catalysis between Cu0 and CoO promoted the hydrogenolysis of FFA to PeDs, especially to 1,5-PeD, while Co0 promoted the hydrogenation of FFA to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). Therefore, it is suggested that a synergetic effect between balanced Cu0 and CoO sites plays a critical role in achieving a high yield of PeDs with a high 1,5-/1,2-pentanediol selectivity ratio during FFA hydrogenolysis.
Rare-earth metal allyl and hydrido complexes supported by an (NNNN)-type macrocyclic ligand: Synthesis, structure, and reactivity toward biomass-derived furanics
Abinet, Elise,Martin, Daniel,Standfuss, Sabine,Kulinna, Heiko,Spaniol, Thomas P.,Okuda, Jun
, p. 15014 - 15026 (2011)
The preparation and characterization of a series of neutral rare-earth metal complexes [Ln(Me3TACD)(η3-C3H 5)2] (Ln=Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) supported by the 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane anion (Me3TACD -) are reported. Upon treatment of the neutral allyl complexes [Ln(Me3TACD)(η3-C3H5) 2] with Bronsted acids, monocationic allyl complexes [Ln(Me3TACD)(η3-C3H5)(thf) 2][B(C6X5)4] (Ln=La, Ce, Nd, X=H, F) were isolated and characterized. Hydrogenolysis gave the hydride complexes [Ln(Me3TACD)H2]n (Ln=Y, n=3; La, n=4; Sm). X-ray crystallography showed the lanthanum hydride to be tetranuclear. Reactivity studies of [Ln(Me3TACD)R2]n (R=η3-C3H5, n=0; R=H, n=3,4) towards furan derivatives includes hydrosilylation and deoxygenation under ring-opening conditions.
