56-34-8 Usage
Description
Tetraethylammonium Chloride (TEAC) is a quaternary ammonium chloride salt characterized by its white crystalline powder appearance. It features a cation with four ethyl substituents surrounding the central nitrogen atom. TEAC is known for its ability to block K+ channels in various tissues and for its use as a nerve-blocking agent.
Uses
Used in Medicine:
Tetraethylammonium Chloride is used as a nerve-blocking agent for its ability to block the transmission of nervous impulses across autonomic ganglions.
Used in Pharmaceutical Studies:
Tetraethylammonium Chloride serves as a source of tetraethylammonium ions for various pharmaceutical studies, particularly in the context of its effects on K+ channels.
Used in Inhibition of Relaxation in Rat Aorta Rings:
TEAC is employed as a pharmacological blocker of K+ current and Ca2+ induced K+ current, specifically for the inhibition of peroxynitrite-induced relaxation in rat aorta rings.
Used in Antennal Lobe Neurons:
Tetraethylammonium Chloride is used to block K+ current and Ca2+ induced K+ current in antennal lobe neurons, contributing to the understanding of their electrophysiological properties.
Used in Cochlear Inner Hair Cells:
TEAC is utilized for the induction of TEAC-sensitive currents in cochlear inner hair cells that have been digested with proteolytic enzymes, allowing for the analysis of their properties.
Biological Activity
Non-selective K + channel blocker.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) blocks K+ channels non-specifically. In rat aorta rings, tetraethylammonium inhibits relaxation induced by peroxynitrite. It blocks nicotinic acetylcholine neurotransmission by blocking the receptor-mediated K+ currents. TEAC can increase the contractility and mobility of colon and rectum and is a therapeutic option for Hirschsprung′s disease patients. TEAC reduces the inflammatory responses, improves cardiac, vascular and hemodynamic properties during early sepsis in animals. TEAC has cytotoxic and anti-proliferative potential and induces apoptosis in glioma cells by downregulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and upregulating Bcl-2 associated X (Bax).
in vitro
tetraethylammonium (tea) is a small ion that is thought to block open k channels by binding either to an internal or to an external site. for this reason, it has been used to probe the ion conduction pathway or pore of k channel mutants and a k channel chimera. tea blocks k+ channels at two sites, which define the inner and outer mouths of the channel pores [1].
in vivo
vasorelaxant effect of taurine can be diminished by tea in rat isolated arteries [2]
Purification Methods
Crystallise the chloride from EtOH by adding diethyl ether, from warm water by adding EtOH and diethyl ether, from dimethylacetamide or from CH2Cl2 by addition of diethyl ether. Dry it over P2O5 in vacuum for several days. It also crystallises from acetone/CH2Cl2/hexane (2:2:1) [Blau & Espenson J Am Chem Soc 108 1962 1986, White & Murray J Am Chem Soc 109 2576 1987]. [Beilstein 4 IV 332.]
references
[1] taglialatela m, vandongen am, drewe ja, joho rh, brown am, kirsch ge. patterns of internal and external tetraethylammonium block in four homologous k+ channels. mol pharmacol. 1991 aug;40(2):299-307.[2] niu lg, zhang ms, liu y, xue wx, liu db, zhang j, liang yq. vasorelaxant effect of taurine is diminished by tetraethylammonium in rat isolated arteries. eur j pharmacol. 2008 feb 2;580(1-2):169-74. epub 2007 oct 25.[3] shea pa, dunklee pe, et al. preliminary clinical investigation of tetraethylammonium chloride with particular reference to disorders of the circulatory system. calif med. 1948 sep;69(3):193-6.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 56-34-8 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 5 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 3 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 56-34:
(4*5)+(3*6)+(2*3)+(1*4)=48
48 % 10 = 8
So 56-34-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C6H15N.ClH/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3;/h4-6H2,1-3H3;1H/p-1
56-34-8Relevant articles and documents
Lewis, J.,Wilkins, R. G.
, (1955)
Process for preparing tetrafluoroborate salt and intermediates thereof
-
, (2008/06/13)
There is provided a process for preparing tetraalkyl ammonium halide utilizing a catalytic amount of acetonitrile in a reaction under pressure and at an elevated temperature of an alkyl halide and a trialkyl halide and in which tetrafluoroborate can be subsequently prepared.
Intermediates useful in a synthesis of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine
-
, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to a novel process for preparing 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA) having the following formula STR1 from a compound of the following formula STR2 The invention also relates to intermediates which are useful in preparing 2-CdA. The compound 2-CdA is useful as an antileukemic agent, i.e., in treating leukemias, such as hairy cell leukemia.