78-40-0 Usage
Chemical Properties
Triethyl Phosphate (TEP) is a colorless, high-boiling liquid and containing 17 wt % phosphorus; mild odor. Very stable at ordinary temperatures, compatible with many gums and resins, soluble in most organic solvents, miscible with water. When mixed with water is quite stable at room temperature, but at elevated temperatures it hydrolyzes slowly. TEP is useful as a solvent in many applications, as a plasticizer for tough, fire-resistant plastics, and as an agricultural chemical as an intermediate in preparing tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP).Like other phosphate esters, Triethyl phosphate damages nerves and is a cholinesterase inhibitor. It is regarded as moderately toxic. Two other alkyl phosphates with toxicities probably similar to that of triethylphosphate are tributylphosphate, (n-C4H9O)3PO, and tris(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphate, (C8H17O)3PO.
Uses
Triethyl phosphate is use as a flame retardant in the manufacture of polyisocyanurate (PIR) and polyurethane (PUR) foam insulation and thermoset plastic products. The chemical compound is also used as a viscosity reducer in plastic resins, and as a catalyst, solvent or intermediate in the production of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, lacquers and other products.As ethylating agent; formation of polyesters which are used as insecticides.
Definition
ChEBI: Triethyl phosphate is a trialkyl phosphate that is the triethy ester derivative of phosphoric acid. It derives from an ethanol.
Production Methods
Triethyl phosphate is manufactured from diethyl ether and phosphorus pentoxide via a metaphosphate intermediate.Prepared by the reaction of tetraethyl hypophosphate with ethanol in the presence of aluminum ethoxide or by treating triethyl phosphate with diethyl hydrogen phosphate.
Synthesis Reference(s)
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 25, p. 1000, 1960 DOI: 10.1021/jo01076a035
General Description
Triethyl phosphate [78-40-0] is a colorless, corrosive liquid. Combustible. Slowly dissolves in water and sinks in water. Severely irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. It is manufactured from diethyl ether and phosphorus pentoxide via a metaphosphate intermediate. Triethyl phosphate has been used commercially as an additive for polyester laminates and in cellulosics. In polyester resins it functions as a viscosity depressant and as a flame retardant. The viscosity-depressant effect of triethyl phosphate in polyester resin permits high loadings of alumina trihydrate,a fire-retardant smoke-suppressant filler. Triethyl phosphate has also been employed as a flame-resistant plasticizer in cellulose acetate.Because of its water solubility the use of triethyl phosphate is limited to situations where weathering resistance is unimportant.The halogenated alkyl phosphates are generally used for applications where lower volatility and greater resistance to leaching are required.
Air & Water Reactions
Slowly dissolves in water with slight decomposition .
Reactivity Profile
Organophosphates, such as Triethyl phosphate, are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
Health Hazard
May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion or absorption. May cause irritation.
Fire Hazard
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: May produce hazardous decomposition products such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxides of phosphorus.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Causes cholinesterase inhibition, but to a lesser extent than parathion. May be expected to cause nerve injury similar to that of other phosphate esters. Triethyl phosphate is stable under normal conditions of use. Avoid contact with strong bases and oxidizing agents. Triethyl phosphate is combustible at high temperatures. Heating to decomposition may release carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, phosphorus oxides and other potentially toxic fumes or gases. Avoid heat, open flames and other potential sources of ignition.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 78-40-0 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 7 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 78-40:
(4*7)+(3*8)+(2*4)+(1*0)=60
60 % 10 = 0
So 78-40-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C6H15O4P/c1-4-8-11(7,9-5-2)10-6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3
78-40-0Relevant articles and documents
Photochemical Radical C–H Halogenation of Benzyl N-Methyliminodiacetyl (MIDA) Boronates: Synthesis of α-Functionalized Alkyl Boronates
Yang, Ling,Tan, Dong-Hang,Fan, Wen-Xin,Liu, Xu-Ge,Wu, Jia-Qiang,Huang, Zhi-Shu,Li, Qingjiang,Wang, Honggen
supporting information, p. 3454 - 3458 (2020/12/17)
α-Haloboronates are useful organic synthons that can be converted to a diverse array of α-substituted alkyl borons. Methods to α-haloboronates are limiting and often suffer from harsh reaction conditions. Reported herein is a photochemical radical C-H halogenation of benzyl N-methyliminodiacetyl (MIDA) boronates. Fluorination, chlorination, and bromination reactions were effective by using this protocol. Upon reaction with different nucleophiles, the C?Br bond in the brominated product could be readily transformed to a series of C?C, C?O, C?N, C?S, C?P, and C?I bonds, some of which are difficult to forge with α-halo sp2-B boronate esters. An activation effect of B(MIDA) moiety was found.
Preparation method of phosphate ester compound
-
Paragraph 0042-0055, (2021/08/25)
The invention discloses a preparation method of a phosphate ester compound, belonging to the field of phosphate ester compounds. The preparation method of the phosphate ester compound comprises the following steps: putting sodium diethyl phosphate into a reactor as a raw material, then putting a catalyst, a reaction solvent and an alkylating reagent into the reactor, conducting stirring, heating and reacting for a period of time, and finally, carrying out post-treatment on reaction liquid to obtain triethyl phosphate. According to the method, sodium diethyl phosphate is taken as the raw material, so the waste is treated by the waste, resources are recycled, and pollution is reduced; chloroethane is taken as the alkylating reagent; and thus, a novel, efficient, environment-friendly and economical method for synthesizing a triethyl phosphate compound is provided.
Some Transformations of Mono-and Dichloro(diethoxyphosphoryl)acetaldehydes
Allakhverdieva, G. E.,Ismailov, V. M.,Mamedov, I. A.,Sadykhova, N. D.,Yusubov, N. N.
, p. 89 - 92 (2020/04/09)
Addition of ethanol and diethyl phosphonate to the carbonyl group of 2,2-dichloro-2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-acetaldehyde has been studied, and the corresponding α-chloro ether, acetal, and phosphorylated metrifonate have been obtained. α,α-Dichloro-α-phospho
