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Non-metal halides, sulfides or sulfonated

Non-metal halides, sulfides, or sulfonates refer to chemical compounds where a non-metal element (typically from groups 14 to 17 of the periodic table, excluding metals and metalloids) is bonded to halogen atoms (such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine), sulfur atoms (in sulfides), or sulfonate groups (SO3H or SO3-). These compounds are diverse in their structures and properties, depending on the specific non-metal and the nature of its bonding with halides, sulfides, or sulfonates. Non-metal halides are often covalent compounds with varying degrees of reactivity and solubility, used in industrial processes and chemical synthesis. Non-metal sulfides typically involve sulfur bonding with non-metal elements, forming compounds with distinct chemical and physical properties, used in industries ranging from metallurgy to pharmaceuticals. Non-metal sulfonates, such as sulfonic acids and their salts, are known for their acidic properties and solubility in water, utilized in detergents, dyes, and as catalysts in organic chemistry reactions.
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