630-19-3

Basic information

• Product Name: Pivaldehyde
• Synonyms: PAL;PIVALALDEHYDE;PIVALDEHYDE;TRIMETHYLACETALDEHYDE;2,2-dimethyl-propana;2,2-Dimethylpropionaldehyd;2-Dimethylpropanal;alpha,alpha-Dimethylpropionaldehyde
• CAS NO: 630-19-3
• Molecular Formula: C₅H₁₀O
• Molecular Weight: 86.13
• EINECS: 211-134-6
• Product Categories: API intermediates;Miscellaneous Reagents;Aliphatics;Aldehydes;Building Blocks;C1 to C6;Carbonyl Compounds;Chemical Synthesis;Organic Building Blocks
• Mol File: 630-19-3.mol
• Article Data: 248

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 6 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 74 °C730 mm Hg(lit.)
• Flash Point: 4 °F
• Appearance: Clear colorless/Liquid
• Density: 0.793 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• Vapor Pressure: 96.5mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.378(lit.)
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Water Solubility: Negligible
• Sensitive: Air Sensitive
• BRN: 506060
• CAS DataBase Reference: Pivaldehyde(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Pivaldehyde(630-19-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Pivaldehyde(630-19-3)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: F,Xi,F+
• Statements: 11-37/38-43
• Safety Statements: 16-23-33-24
• RIDADR: UN 1989 3/PG 2
• WGK Germany: 3
• F: 8
• TSCA: Yes
• HazardClass: 3
• PackingGroup: III
• Hazardous Substances Data: 630-19-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Trimethylacetaldehyde (also known as Pivaldehyde) is the trimethyl form of acetaldehyde. It is an aldehyde with a sterically bulky R group, the tertiary-butyl group being attached to the carbonyl, >C=O. It is a useful reagent in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff. It is useful in streoselective synthesis application as well as in aldol condensation reactions. As a derivative of acetaldehyde, trimethyl acetaldehyde can be used for the production of acetate. It can also be used as the precursor for manufacturing of pyridine derivatives, pentaerythritol, and crotonaldehyde.

Chemical Properties

Clear colorless liquid

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 630-19-3 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Commonly used building block in aldol condensation reactions.
2. Trimethylacetaldehyde is used as a stereoselective synthesis application. It is also used as a building block used in aldol condensation reactions. It is an important raw material and intermediate used in Organic Synthesis, Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals and Dyestuff.

References

Ho, Tse Lok, et al. Pivaldehyde. Fieser and Fieser's Reagents for Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2006. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaldehyde#Uses https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivaldehyde https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/A15013/

InChI:InChI=1/C5H10O/c1-5(2,3)4-6/h4H,1-3H3

Synthetic route

2,2-dimethyl-1-pyrrol-1-yl-propan-1-ol → pyrrole (109-97-7) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium methylate In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 12h; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents; reaction time;	A n/a B 100%

2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-phenyl-6H-1,3,5-oxathiazine S-oxide → 3,5-diphenyl-[1,2,4]thiadiazole (4115-15-5) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
In chloroform-d1 at 25℃; for 800h;	A 100% B 100%

(2,2-Dimethyl-propylidene)-triphenyl-λ5-phosphane (3739-96-6) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With trioxo(N-tert-butylimido)osmium(VIII)	100%

2,2-dimethyl-propanol-1 (75-84-3) + 4,4'-Dimethoxybenzhydrol (728-87-0) → 4,4'-dianisylmethane (726-18-1) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With o-benzenedisulfonimide at 80℃; for 8h;	A 100% B n/a

[(S)-Tol-BINAP]Pd(o-C6H4CN)(OCH2CMe3) (210693-60-0) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + 2-(neopentyloxy)benzonitrile

Conditions	Yield
Kinetics; inert atm.; thermal decompn. (62°C);	A <2 B 99%

Trimethylacetic acid (75-98-9) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With thexylchloroborane-Me2SO4 In dichloromethane for 3h; Ambient temperature;	98%
With thexylbromoborane dimethyl sulfide complex In carbon disulfide; dichloromethane at -20 - 20℃; for 1h;	89%
With 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane dimer; lithium dihydrido borata-bicyclo[3.3.0]nonane In tetrahydrofuran for 1h; Ambient temperature;	85%

2,2-dimethyl-propanol-1 (75-84-3) + diethylazodicarboxylate (1972-28-7) → diethyl hydrazodicarboxylate (4114-28-7) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With zinc dibromide In toluene for 2.5h; Reflux;	A n/a B 90%

2-Methylbutyraldehyde (96-17-3, 57456-98-1) + isoprene (78-79-5) → 3-methyl-butan-2-one (563-80-4) + 2-methyl-but-2-ene (513-35-9) + 3-Methyl-1-butene (563-45-1) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + C2-C4 hydrocarbons

Conditions	Yield
With steam; calcium phosphate catalyst TU 103-134-72 at 380℃; Product distribution; Rate constant; Kinetics; other conditions - var. space velocity of adding reagent, var. dilution with steam, var. temp., var. contact time, other object - activation energy data;;	A 8.2% B n/a C n/a D 0.6% E n/a

<(2-methyl-1-propenyl)oxy>tri-n-butylstannane (17198-92-4) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With methyl iodide for 14 h at 90°C;	86%
With CH3I for 14 h at 90°C;	86%

pivaloyl chloride (3282-30-2) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonium hydroxide; formic acid In diethyl ether; chloroform for 0.333333h; Ambient temperature;	85%
With 5%-palladium/activated carbon; hydrogen; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 20 - 60℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Autoclave;	73%
With tri-n-butyl-tin hydride; PdCl(COPh)(PPh3)2 In toluene at 65℃;	65%

6'-(tert-butyl)spiro-5'-one (88919-73-7) → cyclohexanone (108-94-1) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With flash-vacuum thermolysis (FVY) at 400℃; Mechanism; other 3,6-substituted 1,2,4-trioxan-5-ones, also electron-transfer agents, var. conditions;	A 85% B 32%

[2,5-Di-tert-butyl-[1,4,2]dioxazolidin-(3Z)-ylidene]-phenyl-amine (99948-61-5) → N-tert-butyl-N-hydroxy-N'-phenylurea (29586-31-0) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In tetrahydrofuran for 2h; Ambient temperature;	A 85% B n/a

C14H25NOS → N,N-(diallyl)thiopropionamide (1283722-06-4) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With C9H11(1-)*Cu(1+)*C34H36P2*C14H20O2 In tetrahydrofuran at -70℃; for 24h; enantioselective reaction;	A 84% B n/a

2,2-dimethyl-propanol-1 (75-84-3) + tetraphenyl-bismuth trifluoroacetate (83566-43-2) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With N-t-Bu-N',N',N'',N''-Me4-guanidine In benzene-d6 100 min room temp. (Ar); monitored by (1)H NMR;	83%
With N-t-Bu-N',N',N'',N''-Me4-guanidine In benzene-d6 7.5 h at room temp.; monitored by (1)H NMR;

α-hydroxy-1-neopentyl phenyl ketone (56346-02-2) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In dichloromethane for 16h; Ambient temperature;	82%

(dppf)Pd(p-C6H4NO2)(OCH2CMe3) (210693-64-4) → 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)nitrobenzene (14225-16-2) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
Kinetics; inert atm.; thermal decompn. (23°C);	A 81% B 12%

trimethylpyruvic acid (815-17-8) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With quinoline; copper at 175℃; for 1h;	77%
With diphenylamine at 150 - 200℃;
With aniline

2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (597-31-9) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With triethyl borane; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane a) -30 deg C, 30 min, b) room temperature, 6 h;	74%

(dppf)Pd(m-C6H4CN)(OCH2CMe3) (210693-65-5) → m-neopentoxybenzonitrile + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
Kinetics; inert atm.; thermal decompn. (47°C);	A <2 B 73%

2,2-dimethylpropionamide (754-10-9) → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With lithium-tris(diethylamino)hydridoaluminate In tetrahydrofuran for 12h; Ambient temperature;	72%

1-[(2,2-Dimethyl-propionyl)-methyl-amino]-3-methyl-3H-imidazol-1-ium; iodide → pivalaldehyde (630-19-3)

Conditions	Yield
With diisobutylaluminium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at -10 - 20℃; for 0.5h;	70%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + acetone (67-64-1) → 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-heptanone (101713-95-5)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide at 20℃;	100%
Stage #1: acetone With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; Microfluidic conditions; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde; acetone In water at 20℃; Microfluidic conditions;	100%
With n-butyllithium; diisopropylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 0.583333h;	47%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 3-methyl-butan-2-one (563-80-4)

Conditions	Yield
With fluoroboric acid Rearrangement;	100%
With gallium(III) trichloride; methyl cyclohexane In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 1h;	61%
With hydrogenchloride In water at 250℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 1h; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;	59%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 2,4,6-tris(tert-butyl)-1,3,5-trioxane (53607-03-7)

Conditions	Yield
With dodecatungstosilic acid for 2.5h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With beryllium(II) chloride at 20℃; for 17h; Glovebox; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	100%
With indium(III) chloride at 20℃; for 0.0833333h;	90%

diethoxyphosphoryl-acetic acid ethyl ester (867-13-0) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 3-tert-butyl-acrylic acid ethyl ester (87995-20-8)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: diethoxyphosphoryl-acetic acid ethyl ester With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran Cooling with ice; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 48h; Stage #3: With ammonium chloride In tetrahydrofuran; water	100%
(i) NaH, Et2O, (ii) /BRN= 506060/; Multistep reaction;
Stage #1: diethoxyphosphoryl-acetic acid ethyl ester With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere;
With sodium tert-pentoxide at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Olefination; Green chemistry;
With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; Inert atmosphere;

1,2,3-Benzotriazole (95-14-7) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 1-Benzotriazol-1-yl-2,2-dimethyl-propan-1-ol (111507-83-6)

Conditions	Yield
at 25℃;	100%

α,α-adamantylidene-N-methyl nitrone (57777-70-5) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 2-Adamantanone (700-58-3) + N-Methyl-(2,2-dimethylpropylidene)amine N-oxide (66251-86-3, 127872-10-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran for 5.5h; Heating;	A n/a B 100%

ethyl 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-3-oxobutanoate (2080-44-6) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → (E)-2-[1,3]Dithiolan-2-ylidene-6,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-hept-4-enoic acid (133286-24-5)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran for 5h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With sodium hydroxide In ethanol at 20℃; for 9h;	64%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + phenylacetylene (536-74-3) → 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-pent-1-yn-3-ol (132350-97-1, 29586-01-4)

Conditions	Yield
phosphazene base-P4-tert-butyl In hexane; dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 2h;	100%
With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at 0 - 20℃;	99%
With dimethyl zinc(II); (1R,2S)-cis-1-amino-2-indenol-derived oxazolidine In n-heptane; toluene at -15℃; for 48h;	99%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → neopentyl pivalate (5340-26-1)

Conditions	Yield
With (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)2LaCH(TMS)2 In benzene at 60℃; for 72h; Mechanism; other aldehydes; also with Nd catalyst;	100%
With calcium bis{bis(trimethylsilyl)amide} In benzene at 20℃; for 24h; Tishchenko reaction;	96%
With diisobutylaluminium hydride In hexane; pentane at 20℃; for 5h; Tishchenko reaction;	95%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (R)-3-aminobutanoic acid methyl ester (161688-97-7) → (R)-3-<(2',2'-dimethylpropyliden)amino>-N-methylbutanamide

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In dichloromethane for 7h; Heating;	100%

(R)-2-hydroxylbutanoic acid (20016-85-7) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → (2R,5R)-2-(tert-butyl)-5-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-one (115860-85-0)

Conditions	Yield
With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate In diethyl ether at -30 - -20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere;	100%
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In pentane for 2.5h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;	99%
With sulfuric acid; toluene-4-sulfonic acid In dichloromethane for 6h; Heating; Yield given;

chloro-trimethyl-silane (75-77-4) + tri-n-butyl(1-pentynyl)tin (86633-17-2) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → (1-tert-Butyl-hex-2-ynyloxy)-trimethyl-silane

Conditions	Yield
With indium(III) chloride In acetonitrile at 25℃; for 0.5h;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (3R*,5S*)-3,5-dihydroxyundecane → (2R*,4R*,6S*)-2-tert-butyl-4-ethyl-6-hexyl-1,3-dioxane

Conditions	Yield
With scandium tris(trifluoromethanesulfonate) In dichloromethane for 4h; Heating;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + bis(2-pyridyldimethylsilyl)methane (243468-48-6) → (E)-2-pyridyldimethyl(3,3-dimethylbut-1-enyl)silane

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: bis(2-pyridyldimethylsilyl)methane With n-butyllithium In diethyl ether; hexane at -78℃; Metallation; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In diethyl ether; hexane at -78 - 20℃; Peterson-type olefination; Further stages.;	100%
Stage #1: bis(2-pyridyldimethylsilyl)methane With n-butyllithium In diethyl ether; hexane at -78℃; for 1h; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In diethyl ether; hexane at -78 - 20℃; for 1.5h; Peterson-type olefination;

(E)-3-ethoxyacrylonitrile (58243-08-6) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → (Z)-2-cyano-1-ethoxy-4,4-dimethylpenten-3-ol (403719-50-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: (E)-3-ethoxyacrylonitrile With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-lithium In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (2-amino-5-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanol (1159372-20-9) → {5-chloro-2-[(2,2-dimethylpropyl)amino]phenyl}-(phenyl)methanol (184882-04-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium cyanoborohydride; acetic acid In methanol at 20℃;	100%
With sodium tetrahydroborate; acetic acid	45%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (2-amino-4-chloro-phenyl)-(2-chloro-phenyl)-methanol (152911-53-0) → [4-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-propylamino)-phenyl]-(2-chloro-phenyl)-methanol (152911-70-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium cyanoborohydride; acetic acid In methanol at 20℃;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + 2-(2-amino-5-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethanol (165952-46-5) → 2-(5-chloro-2-neopentylaminophenyl)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethanol (165952-47-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: pivalaldehyde; 2-(2-amino-5-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethanol With acetic acid In methanol at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: With sodium cyanoborohydride In methanol at 20℃; for 1h;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (2-amino-5-chloro-phenyl)-(2,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanol (152911-49-4) → [5-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-propylamino)-phenyl]-(2,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanol (152911-66-5)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium cyanoborohydride; acetic acid In methanol at 20℃;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (+/-)-2-amino-5-chloro-α-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)benzyl alcohol (152911-54-1) → [5-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethylpropylamino)phenyl]-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol (152911-75-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium cyanoborohydride; acetic acid In methanol at 20℃; for 1h;	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + aniline (62-53-3) → N-neopentylaniline (7210-81-3)

Conditions	Yield
With phosphotungstic acid; sodium tetrahydroborate In methanol	100%
With ammonium formate; palladium on activated charcoal In water; isopropyl alcohol at 20℃; for 0.5h;	97%
With [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2; diphenylsilane In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 4h; Molecular sieve; chemoselective reaction;	84%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + Merrifield resin, 1 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 11 percent → t-BuCHO-modified Merrifield resin, 1 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 11 percent

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: Merrifield resin, 1 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 11 percent With 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl; lithium In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at -40℃; for 24h; Stage #3: With water In tetrahydrofuran	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + Merrifield resin, 2 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 57 percent → t-BuCHO-modified Merrifield resin, 2 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 57 percent

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: Merrifield resin, 2 percent DVB cross-linking, DF 57 percent With 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl; lithium In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 22h; Stage #3: With water In tetrahydrofuran	100%

pyrrole (109-97-7) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 2,2-dimethyl-1-pyrrol-1-yl-propan-1-ol

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: pyrrole With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78℃; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran; hexane	100%

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + (5-hexyl-furan-3-yloxy)-trimethyl-silane (845960-16-9) → 5-hexyl-2-(1-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-furan-3-one

Conditions	Yield
With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate In dichloromethane at -78℃; for 1h;	100%

2-methoxy-phenylamine (90-04-0) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → [2,2-Dimethyl-prop-(E)-ylidene]-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-amine

Conditions	Yield
With 4 A molecular sieve In toluene at 20℃; for 24h; Condensation;	100%

5-phenyl-1-pentyne (1823-14-9) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → 2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-4-octyn-3-ol

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 5-phenyl-1-pentyne With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78℃; for 0.166667h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere;	100%
Stage #1: 5-phenyl-1-pentyne With lithium diisopropyl amide In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 0.666667h; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde In tetrahydrofuran at -30 - 20℃; for 2h;

pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) + 2,2-dimethyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one (155295-47-9) → tert-butyl 4-neopentylpiperazine-1-carboxylate

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,2-dimethyl-1-(piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one With acetic acid In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 50℃; for 0.333333h; Stage #2: pivalaldehyde With sodium tris(acetoxy)borohydride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 50℃; for 1.5h; Further stages.;	100%

Upstream product

• 63019-29-4 7-(Ethoxymethyl)benz[a]anthracene 
• 63019-25-0 7,12-Dihydro-7,12-dimethyl-7,12-epoxybenz[a]anthracene 
• 6301-92-4 1-chloro-1,1-difluorobutan-2-ol 
• 63019-23-8 4,5-dimethylchrysene 
• 63019-22-7 2,3-dimethylchrysene 
• 63019-14-7 N,N-Dimethyl-p-[2-(1-naphtyl)vinyl]aniline 
• 63019-13-6 1,1,2-triphenylbut-1-ene 
• 6301-91-3 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropan-2-ol 
• 63019-12-5 α-Ethyl-β-sec-butylstilbene 
• 63019-09-0 N,N,2'-Trimethyl-4-stilbenamine 
• 63019-08-9 α,β-Diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol dipalmitate 
• 63019-05-6 N-Cyclohexyl-N-pentylbenzylamine 
• 6301-90-2 3-bromo-5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(1-phenylethyl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide 
• 63018-99-5 8-Pentylbenz[a]anthracene 

Downstream Products

• 81777-89-1 Clomazone 
• 126-30-7 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol 
• 42856-71-3 (S)-2-Methylproline 

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