- Chloride transport activities of trans- and cis-amide-linked bisureas
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Of the bisurea compounds linked through trans- and cis-benzanilide spacers, the cis-amide derivatives were found to be effective in chloride transport, using which a stimuli-responsive mobile carrier was devised. This journal is
- Park, Eun Bit,Jeong, Kyu-Sung
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Read Online
- Sulfonylureas as Concomitant Insulin Secretagogues and NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors
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Insulin-secretory sulfonylureas are widely used, cost-effective treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, pancreatic β-cells are continually depleted as T2D progresses, thereby rendering the sulfonylurea drug class ineffective in controlling glycaemia. Dysregulation of the innate immune system via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the consequent production of interleukin-1β, has been linked to pancreatic β-cell death and multiple inflammatory complications of T2D disease. One proposed strategy for treating T2D is the use of sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues that are also NLRP3 inhibitors. We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of nine sulfonylureas that inhibit NLRP3 activation in murine bone-marrow- derived macrophages in a potent, dose-dependent manner. Six of these compounds inhibited NLRP3 at nanomolar concentrations and can also stimulate insulin secretion from a murine pancreatic cell line (MIN6). These novel compounds possess unprecedented dual modes of action, paving the way for a new generation of sulfonylureas that may be useful as therapeutic candidates and/or tool compounds in T2D and its associated inflammatory complications.
- Hill, James R.,Coll, Rebecca C.,Sue, Nancy,Reid, Janet C.,Dou, Jennifer,Holley, Caroline L.,Pelingon, Ruby,Dickinson, Joshua B.,Biden, Trevor J.,Schroder, Kate,Cooper, Matthew A.,Robertson, Avril A. B.
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Read Online
- Supporting-Electrolyte-Free Anodic Oxidation of Oxamic Acids into Isocyanates: An Expedient Way to Access Ureas, Carbamates, and Thiocarbamates
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We report a new electrochemical supporting-electrolyte-free method for synthesizing ureas, carbamates, and thiocarbamates via the oxidation of oxamic acids. This simple, practical, and phosgene-free route includes the generation of an isocyanate intermediate in situ via anodic decarboxylation of an oxamic acid in the presence of an organic base, followed by the one-pot addition of suitable nucleophiles to afford the corresponding ureas, carbamates, and thiocarbamates. This procedure is applicable to different amines, alcohols, and thiols. Furthermore, when single-pass continuous electrochemical flow conditions were used and this reaction was run in a carbon graphite Cgr/Cgr flow cell, urea compounds could be obtained in high yields within a residence time of 6 min, unlocking access to substrates that were inaccessible under batch conditions while being easily scalable.
- Petti, Alessia,Fagnan, Corentin,van Melis, Carlo G. W.,Tanbouza, Nour,Garcia, Anthony D.,Mastrodonato, Andrea,Leech, Matthew C.,Goodall, Iain C. A.,Dobbs, Adrian P.,Ollevier, Thierry,Lam, Kevin
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supporting information
p. 2614 - 2621
(2021/06/27)
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- Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel urea compounds as FGFR1 inhibitors to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer characterized by higher metastatic and reoccurrence rates, where approximately one-third of TNBC patients suffer from the metastasis in the brain. At the same time, TNBC shows good responses to chemotherapy, a feature that fuels the search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential in this area. Recently, we have identified novel urea-based compounds with cytotoxicity against selected cell lines and with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo. We have synthesized and analyzed a library of more than 40 compounds to elucidate the key features responsible for the observed activity. We have also identified FGFR1 as a molecular target that is affected by the presence of these compounds, confirming our data using in silico model. Overall, we envision that these compounds can be further developed for the potential treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
- Akwii, Racheal,Alvina, Karina,Ashraf-Uz-Zaman, Md,Farshbaf, Mohammad Jodeiri,German, Nadezhda A.,Kallem, Raja Reddy,Mikelis, Constantinos M.,Putnam, William,Sajib, Md Sanaullah,Shahi, Sadisna,Trippier, Paul C.,Wang, Wei,Zhang, Ruiwen
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- Practical one-pot amidation of N -Alloc-, N -Boc-, and N -Cbz protected amines under mild conditions
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A facile one-pot synthesis of amides from N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected amines has been described. The reactions involve the use of isocyanate intermediates, which are generated in situ in the presence of 2-chloropyridine and trifluoromethanesulfonyl anhydride, to react with Grignard reagents to produce the corresponding amides. Using this reaction protocol, a variety of N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected aliphatic amines and aryl amines were efficiently converted to amides with high yields. This method is highly effective for the synthesis of amides and offers a promising approach for facile amidation.
- Hong, Wan Pyo,Tran, Van Hieu,Kim, Hee-Kwon
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p. 15890 - 15895
(2021/05/19)
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of pyrrolidine-oxadiazoles as anthelmintics against Haemonchus contortus
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Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) are significant pathogens of humans and animals and cause substantive socioeconomic losses due to the diseases that they cause. The control of nematodes in livestock animals relies heavily on the use of anthelmintic drugs. However, their extensive use has led to a widespread problem of drug resistance in these worms. Thus, the discovery and development of novel chemical entities for the treatment of parasitic worms of humans and animals is needed. Herein, we describe our medicinal chemistry optimization efforts of a phenotypic hit against Haemonchus contortus based on a pyrrolidine-oxadiazole scaffold. This led to the identification of compounds with potent inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.78–22.4 μM) on the motility and development of parasitic stages of H. contortus, and which were found to be highly selective in a mammalian cell counter-screen. These compounds could be used as suitable chemical tools for drug target identification or as lead compounds for further optimization.
- Ruan, Banfeng,Zhang, Yuezhou,Tadesse, Solomon,Preston, Sarah,Taki, Aya C.,Jabbar, Abdul,Hofmann, Andreas,Jiao, Yaqing,Garcia-Bustos, Jose,Harjani, Jitendra,Le, Thuy Giang,Varghese, Swapna,Teguh, Silvia,Xie, Yiyue,Odiba, Jephthah,Hu, Min,Gasser, Robin B.,Baell, Jonathan
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supporting information
(2020/02/04)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of 1-aryl-3-[4-(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]urea derivatives as new anticancer agents
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The diaryl ureas are very important fragments in medicinal chemistry. By means of computer-aided design, 1-aryl-3-[4-(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]urea derivatives were designed and synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A549, HCT-116, PC-3 cancer cell lines, and HL7702 human normal liver cell lines in vitro by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay. Most of the target compounds demonstrate significant antiproliferative effects on all the selective cancer cell lines. The calculated IC50 values were reported. The target compound 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-{4-{[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methoxy}phenyl}urea (7u) demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.39 ± 0.10 μM for A549 and IC50 = 3.90 ± 0.33 μM for HCT-116), comparable to the positive-control sorafenib (IC50 = 2.12 ± 0.18 μM for A549 and IC50 = 2.25 ± 0.71 μM for HCT-116). Conclusively, 1-aryl-3-[4-(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]urea derivatives as the new anticancer agents were discovered, and could be used as the potential BRAF inhibitors for further research.
- Feng, Jian,Li, Tai,Liang, Shishao,Zhang, Chuanming,Tan, Xiaoyu,Ding, Ning,Wang, Xin,Liu, Xiaoping,Hu, Chun
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p. 1413 - 1423
(2020/05/22)
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- Discovery of SP-96, the first non-ATP-competitive Aurora Kinase B inhibitor, for reduced myelosuppression
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Aurora Kinase B is a serine-threonine kinase known to be overexpressed in several cancers, with no inhibitors approved for clinical use. Herein, we present the discovery and optimization of a series of novel quinazoline-based Aurora Kinase B inhibitors. The lead inhibitor SP-96 shows sub-nanomolar potency in Aurora B enzymatic assays (IC50 = 0.316 ± 0.031 nM). We identified the important pharmacophore features resulting in selectivity against receptor tyrosine kinases. Particularly, SP-96 shows >2000 fold selectivity against FLT3 and KIT which is important for normal hematopoiesis. This could diminish the adverse effect of neutropenia reported in the clinical trials of the Aurora B inhibitor Barasertib, which inhibits FLT3 and KIT in addition to Aurora B. Enzyme kinetics of SP-96 shows non-ATP-competitive inhibition which makes it a first-in-class inhibitor. Further, SP-96 shows selective growth inhibition in NCI60 screening, including inhibition of MDA-MD-468, a Triple Negative Breast Cancer cell line.
- Lakkaniga, Naga Rajiv,Zhang, Lingtian,Belachew, Binyam,Gunaganti, Naresh,Frett, Brendan,Li, Hong-yu
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- Hit-to-lead optimization of novel benzimidazole phenylacetamides as broad spectrum trypanosomacides
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Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei are the parasitic causative agents of Chagas disease and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), respectively. The drugs currently used to treat these diseases are not efficacious against all stages and/or parasite sub-species, often displaying side effects. Herein, we report the SAR exploration of a novel hit, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(1-propyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)acetamide previously identified from high throughput screens against T. cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Leishmania donovani. An informative set of analogues was synthesized incorporating key modifications of the scaffold resulting in improved potency whilst the majority of compounds retained low cytotoxicity against H9c2 and HEK293 cell lines. The SAR observed against T. cruzi broadly matches that observed against T.b. brucei, suggesting the possibility for a broad-spectrum candidate. This class of compounds therefore warrants further investigation towards development as a treatment for Chagas disease and HAT. This journal is
- Avery, Vicky M.,Baell, Jonathan,McNamara, Nicole,Rahmani, Raphael,Sykes, Melissa L.
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supporting information
p. 685 - 695
(2020/08/24)
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- Design, synthesis and antitumor assessment of phenylureas bearing 5-fluoroindolin-2-one moiety
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Background: The development of novel antineoplastic agents remains highly desirable. Objective: This study focuses on the design, synthesis, and antitumor evaluation of phenyl ureas bearing 5-fluoroindolin-2-one moiety. Methods: Three sets of phenylureas were designed and synthesized and their antiproliferative abil-ity was measured against four human carcinoma cell lines (Hela, Eca-109, A549, and MCF-7) via MTT assay. In vivo anticancer activity was further evaluated in xenograft models of human breast cancer (MCF-7). Results: A total of twenty-one new compounds were synthesized and characterized by means of1 H and13 C NMR as well as HR-MS. Three sets of compounds (1a?1c, 2a?2c, and 3a?3c) were ini-tially constructed, and preliminary antiproliferative activities of these molecules were evaluated against Hela, Eca-109, A549 and MCF-7, highlighting the meta-substituted phenylureas (1a?1c) as the most cytotoxic set. A series of meta-substituted phenylureas derivatives (1d?1o) were then designed and synthesized for structure-activity relationship study. Most of the new compounds showed desirable cytotoxicity, among which compound 1g exhibited the most remarkable cyto-toxic effects against the tested human cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 1.47 to 6.79 μM. Further studies showed that compound 1g suppressed tumor growth in human breast cancer (MCF-7) xenograft models without affecting the body weight of its recipients. Conclusion: In this study, twenty-one new compounds, containing the privileged structures of phenylurea and 5-fluoroindolin-2-one, were designed and synthesized. Subsequent structure-activity studies showed that 1g was the most bioactive antitumor agent among all tested com-pounds, hence a potentially promising lead compound once given further optimization.
- Cai, Yunrui,Chen, Tong,Zhu, Huajian,Zou, Hongbin
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p. 958 - 968
(2020/08/19)
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- Synthesis method of tyrosine kinase inhibitor intermediate substituted phenyl isocyanate (by machine translation)
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To the synthesis method of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor intermediate substituted phenyl isocyanate, various substituted anilines I and triphosgene are subjected to aminic oxidation in a first reaction solvent, suction filtration is carried out after reaction, the filtrate is concentrated, and the residue is distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the target compound substituted phenyl isocyanate II. To the synthesis method of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor intermediate substituted phenyl isocyanate provided by the invention, the low-toxicity solid raw material is reacted with various substituted aniline to obtain the target product substituted phenyl isocyanate. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0016; 0017; 0018; 0019
(2019/11/20)
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- Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a New Series of 1-Aryl-3-{4-[(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)thio]phenyl}urea Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents
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To discover new antiproliferative agents with high efficacy and selectivity, a new series of 1-aryl-3-{4-[(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)thio]phenyl}urea derivatives (7a–7t) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A549, HCT-116 and PC-3 cancer cell lines in vitro. Most of the target compounds demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects on all the selective cancer cell lines. Among them, the target compound, 1-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-{4-{{[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methyl}thio}phenyl}urea (7i) was identified to be the most active one against three cell lines, which was more potent than the positive control with an IC50 value of 1.53 ± 0.46, 1.11 ± 0.34 and 1.98 ± 1.27 μM, respectively. Further cellular mechanism studies confirmed that compound 7i could induce the apoptosis of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and elucidated compound 7i arrests cell cycle at G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis. Herein, the studies suggested that the 1-aryl-3-{4-[(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)thio]phenyl}urea skeleton might be regarded as new chemotypes for designing effective antiproliferative agents.
- Zhang, Chuanming,Tan, Xiaoyu,Feng, Jian,Ding, Ning,Li, Yongpeng,Jin, Zhe,Meng, Qingguo,Liu, Xiaoping,Hu, Chun
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 2,4-imidazolinedione derivatives as hdac6 isoform-selective inhibitors
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Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has emerged as a promising drug target for various human diseases, including diverse neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Herein, we reported a series of 2,4-imidazolinedione derivatives as novel HDAC6 isoform-selective inhibitors based on structure-based drug design. Most target compounds exhibit good profiles in a preliminary screening concerning HDAC6 inhibitory activities. Moreover, the most active compound 10c increases the acetylation level of α-tubulin with little effect on the acetylation of histone H3. Further biological evaluation suggested that potent compound 10c, which possesses good antiproliferative activity, could induce apoptosis in HL-60 cell by activating caspase 3.
- Liang, Tao,Hou, Xuben,Zhou, Yi,Yang, Xinying,Fang, Hao
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supporting information
p. 1122 - 1127
(2019/08/27)
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- Hydantoin hydroxamic acid type selective inhibitor for histone deacetylase 6 subtype and preparation method and applications thereof
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The invention relates to a hydantoin hydroxamic acid type selective inhibitor for a histone deacetylase 6 subtype and a preparation method and applications thereof. The selective inhibitor has a structure represented by the formula (I). The selective inhibitor has good activities on inhibiting the activity of histone deacetylase and preventing the proliferation of tumor cells and can be used to prepare drugs for treating or preventing diseases of mammals caused by abnormal expression of histone deacetylase. The invention further relates to a pharmaceutical application of a composition that contains the inhibitor represented by the formula (I).
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Page/Page column 19
(2019/08/30)
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based diaryl urea derivatives for suppressing VEGFR-2 signaling
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A novel structural series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based compounds that incorporate the diaryl urea moiety was designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated as suppressors of VEFGR-2 signaling. As a consequence, compounds 9k and 9s exhibited comparable or superior cytotoxic activity to that of gefitinib against the tested three cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, and PC-3. Importantly, both of them downregulated the expression of VEGFR-2, and inhibited VEGFR-2 phosphorylation at the concentration of 0.5 or 1.0 μmol/l. Besides, they suppressed human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation at the concentration of 4.0 μmol/l. Considering their capability of down-regulating VEGFR-2 expression and inhibiting VEGFR-2 phosphorylation, 9k and 9s may serve as suppressors of angiogenesis for further investigation.
- Huang, Yuanzheng,Zhang, Yang,Li, Jiaming,Ma, Xiaodong,Hu, Mengqi,Yang, Yu,Gao, Sufan
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p. 508 - 516
(2019/05/14)
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- Phenotypic Optimization of Urea-Thiophene Carboxamides to Yield Potent, Well Tolerated, and Orally Active Protective Agents against Aminoglycoside-Induced Hearing Loss
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Hearing loss is a major public health concern with no pharmaceutical intervention for hearing protection or restoration. Using zebrafish neuromast hair cells, a robust model for mammalian auditory and vestibular hair cells, we identified a urea-thiophene carboxamide, 1 (ORC-001), as protective against aminoglycoside antibiotic (AGA)-induced hair cell death. The 50% protection (HC50) concentration conferred by 1 is 3.2 μM with protection against 200 μM neomycin approaching 100%. Compound 1 was sufficiently safe and drug-like to validate otoprotection in an in vivo rat hearing loss model. We explored the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of this compound series to improve otoprotective potency, improve pharmacokinetic properties and eliminate off-target activity. We present the optimization of 1 to yield 90 (ORC-13661). Compound 90 protects mechanosensory hair cells with HC50 of 120 nM and demonstrates 100% protection in the zebrafish assay and superior physiochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicologic properties, as well as complete in vivo protection in rats.
- Chowdhury, Sarwat,Owens, Kelly N.,Herr, R. Jason,Jiang, Qin,Chen, Xinchao,Johnson, Graham,Groppi, Vincent E.,Raible, David W.,Rubel, Edwin W,Simon, Julian A.
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supporting information
p. 84 - 97
(2018/02/10)
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- Phenylquinoline transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonists for the treatment of pain: Discovery of 1-(2-phenylquinoline-4-carbonyl)-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide
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Reported herein is the design, synthesis, and pharmacologic characterization of a class of TRPV1 antagonists constructed on a phenylquinoline platform that evolved from Cinchophen lead. This design composes three sections: a phenylquinoline headgroup attached to an aliphatic carboxamides, which is tethered at a phenyl tail group. Optimization of this design led to the identification of 37, comprising a pyrrolidine linker and a trifluoromethyl–phenyl tail. In the TRPV1 functional assay, using cells expressed hTRPV1, 37 antagonized capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx, with an IC50 value of 10.2 nM. In the complete mice analgesic model, 37 exhibited better antinociceptive activity than the positive control BCTC in diverse pain models. All of these results suggested that 37 could be considered as a lead candidate for the further development of antinociceptive drugs.
- Liao, Chen,Liu, Yan,Liu, Chunxia,Zhou, Jiaqi,Li, Huilan,Wang, Nasi,Li, Jieming,Liu, Taiyu,Ghaleb, Hesham,Huang, Wenlong,Qian, Hai
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p. 845 - 854
(2018/01/10)
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- Decarboxylative Organocatalytic Allylic Amination of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbamates
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The present study reports the organocatalytic enantioselective allylic amination of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbamates efficiently catalyzed by a chiral amine in the presence of a Br?nsted acid. Chiral allylic amines were produced in high yields (up to 98 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 97 % ee). This method provides an efficient and easily performed route to prepare α-methylene-β-lactams, and other optically active β-lactams, such as the cholesterol-lowering drug Ezetimibe.
- Do?ekal, Vojtěch,?imek, Michal,Dra?ínsky, Martin,Vesely, Jan
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supporting information
p. 13441 - 13445
(2018/09/21)
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- Synthesis and nematicidal activity of piperazinedione derivatives based on the natural product Barettin
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Nematodes are serious constraints of crop production worldwide. However, the traditional nematicides suffer from the side-effects, including environmental and human toxicity. Herein, more than 70 novel piperazinedione derivatives based on the natural product Barettin were synthesized and evaluated against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (M. incognita). While most of synthesized compounds exhibited certain nematicidal activity at high concentration, the best one showed a nematicidal activity of 75% at 2.4 μmol/L.
- Sun, Haiyang,Li, Hui,Wang, Jiayi,Song, Gonghua
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p. 977 - 980
(2017/11/16)
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- Pentafluorosulfanyl-containing triclocarban analogs with potent antimicrobial activity
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Concerns have been raised about the long-term accumulating effects of triclocarban, a polychlorinated diarylurea widely used as an antibacterial soap additive, in the environment and in human beings. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration has recently banned it from personal care products. Herein, we report the synthesis, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of novel N,N'-diarylureas as triclocarban analogs, designed by reducing one or more chlorine atoms of the former and/or replacing them by the novel pentafluorosulfanyl group, a new bioisostere of the trifluoromethyl group, with growing importance in drug discovery. Interestingly, some of these pentafluorosulfanyl-bearing ureas exhibited high potency, broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial pathogens, and high selectivity index, while displaying a lower spontaneous mutation frequency than triclocarban. Some lines of evidence suggest a bactericidal mode of action for this family of compounds.
- Pujol, Eugènia,Blanco-Cabra, Núria,Julián, Esther,Leiva, Rosana,Torrents, Eduard,Vázquez, Santiago
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supporting information
(2018/11/24)
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- 2-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propylamine]-3-aryl-4-quinolinone compounds and application thereof
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The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines and relates to 2-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propylamine]-3-aryl-4-quinolinone compounds and an application thereof. 2-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propylamine]-3-aryl-4-quinolinone derivatives comprise stereisomers and pharmaceutically applicable salts of the compounds and have the general structural formula shown in the description, wherein R is described inthe claims and description. The 2-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propylamine]-3-aryl-4-quinolinone derivatives and pharmaceutically applicable acid-added salts of the compounds can be combined with existing medicines or used separately to serve as influenza virus inhibitors to treat influenza and have better curative effects on various type-A influenza in particular.
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Paragraph 0049; 0061
(2018/04/21)
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- Copper-catalyzed N[sbnd]H/S[sbnd]H functionalization: A strategy for the synthesis of benzothiadiazine derivatives
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A copper-mediated N[sbnd]S bond-forming reaction via N[sbnd]H/S[sbnd]H activation is described. This reaction occurs under mild conditions with high efficiency, step economy, and tolerates a wide variety of functional groups, providing an efficient means of accessing biologically important 1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-3(4H)-ones.
- Do?an, ?engül Dilem
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p. 2217 - 2224
(2017/03/24)
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- Method for preparing isocyanate by using amine and carbonyl fluoride
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The invention discloses an efficient synthesis method for preparing corresponding isocyanate by enabling carbonyl fluoride to directly react with amine. The efficient synthesis method mainly comprises the following two steps: carrying out acylation reaction on the amine and the carbonyl fluoride according to a preferable proportion in an anhydrous inertial organic solvent under a sealed environment and a proper reaction condition, thus generating an intermediate-carbamyl fluoride; (2) carrying out dehydrofluorination on the intermediate-carbamyl fluoride under normal pressure and the proper reaction condition, thus obtaining the target isocyanate. During a reaction process, addition of a catalyst is not needed, the reaction conditions are mild, excessive carbonyl fluoride and a used solvent during the reaction process can be efficiently recycled and reused, and a by-product HF can be commercially sold after being collected and refined.
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Paragraph 0137-0138
(2017/07/07)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of urea-based benzamides derivatives as HDAC inhibitors
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A new class of urea-based benzamides derivatives were designed and synthesized as histone deacetylases inhibitors. Biological evaluations of these compounds included the inhibitory activity of histone deacetylases1 and cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines in vitro. Most compounds exhibited potential histone deacetylases inhibitory activity and antitumor activities. Compound 5h behaved as potent histone deacetylases1 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.182 μM) and showed comparable cytotoxicity with MS-275, which could be considered as a potential candidate compound for further development.
- Zhu, Yong,Chen, Xin,Ran, Ting,Niu, Jiaqi,Zhao, Shuang,Lu, Tao,Tang, Weifang
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p. 2879 - 2888
(2017/10/06)
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- 1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVE COMPOUNDS AS HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 INHIBITOR, AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME
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The present invention relates to novel compounds having histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in-hibitory activity, stereoisomers thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the use thereof for the preparation of therapeutic medicaments, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, a method for treating diseases using the composition, and methods for preparing the novel compounds. The novel compounds, stereoisomers thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof according to the present invention have histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity and are effective for the prevention or treatment of HDAC6-mediated diseases, including infectious diseases; neoplasms; endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases; mental and be-havioral disorders; neurological diseases; diseases of the eye and adnexa; cardiovascular diseases; respiratory diseases; digestive diseases; diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue; or congenital malformations, de? formations and chromosomal abnormalities.
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Paragraph 1053-1055
(2017/02/28)
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel quinazolinyl-diaryl urea derivatives as potential anticancer agents
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Through a structure-based molecular hybridization approach, a series of novel quinazolinyl-diaryl urea derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against three cancer cell lines (HepG2, MGC-803, and A549). Six compounds (7g, 7m, 7o, 8e, 8g, and 8m) showed stronger activity against a certain cell line compared with the positive reference drugs sorafenib and gefitinib. Among the six compounds, 8g exhibited the strongest activity. In particular, compound 8g induced A549 apoptosis, arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. This compound can also effectively regulate the expression of apoptosis- and cell cycle-related proteins, and influence the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Molecular docking and structure-activity relationship analyses revealed that it can bind well to the active site of the receptor c-Raf, which was consistent with the biological data. Therefore, compound 8g may be a potent antitumor agent, representing a promising lead for further optimization.
- Chen, Jia-Nian,Wang, Xian-Fu,Li, Ting,Wu, De-Wen,Fu, Xiao-Bo,Zhang, Guang-Ji,Shen, Xing-Can,Wang, Heng-Shan
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- A 10th factor inhibitor and its preparation method and application (by machine translation)
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The invention relates to a 10th factor inhibitor and its preparation and application, the 10th factor inhibitor has the structure of formula I, the invention inhibitors to alpha-amino acid as a template, respectively through the amide, carbamate, or urea to the branched chain is formed by a series of novel structure of the compound, this kind of compound can be effectively with the 10th factor binding, prevent the formation of thrombus. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0180; 0181
(2016/10/08)
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- Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel diaryl urea derivatives as potential EGFR inhibitors
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Two novel series of diaryl urea derivatives 5a-i and 13a-l were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against H-460, HT-29, A549, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines in vitro. Therein, 4-aminoquinazolinyl-diaryl urea derivatives 5a-i demonstrated significant activity, and seven of them are more active than sorafenib, with IC50 values ranging from 0.089 to 5.46 μM. Especially, compound 5a exhibited the most active potency both in cellular (IC50 = 0.15, 0.089, 0.36, and 0.75 μM, respectively) and enzymatic assay (IC50 = 56 nM against EGFR), representing a promising lead for further optimization.
- Jiang, Nan,Bu, Yanxin,Wang, Yu,Nie, Minhua,Zhang, Dajun,Zhai, Xin
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- With anti-tumor effect of a quinazoline-urea derivative and its application (by machine translation)
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The present invention relates to a of the general formula (II) anti-tumor function of said quinazoline-urea derivative and its application. The definition of the substituent in the general formula (II) in the specification. This invention, in order to SUO draw non-Buddhist nun and Geftinat compounds as the precursor, retention of SUO draw non-Buddhist nun the pharmocology-carbamido; at the same time, such as in reserved [...] EGFR-TKIs Geftinat, synthesis, and obtain a series of quinazoline-urea derivatives, by the in vitro activity tests, some compounds exhibit excellent anti-tumor activity, such derivatives have high research and utility value. (II). (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0139-0142; 0163
(2016/11/02)
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- Rhenium-catalyzed C-H aminocarbonylation of azobenzenes with isocyanates
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The first C-H aminocarbonylation of azobenzenes with isocyanates is achieved by using rhenium-catalysis, which provides an expedient and atom-economical access to varied o-azobenzamides from readily available starting materials. The reaction efficiency can be enhanced by the catalytic use of sodium acetate via accelerated C-H bond activation.
- Geng, Xiaoyu,Wang, Congyang
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supporting information
p. 7619 - 7623
(2015/07/15)
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- Oxime carbamates as potential insecticidal agents: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation
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A series of oxime carbamates derivatives were designed and synthesized as a part of our ongoing search for novel high potential agrochemicals. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The bioassays results indicated that some of the obtained compounds exhibited good insecticidal activity against Heliothis armigera and Plutella xylostella.
- Ke, Shaoyong,Yang, Ziwen,Shi, Liqiao,Liu, Manli,Liang, Ying,Wang, Kaimei,Long, Tong,Jiang, Aibing,Zhang, Zhigang
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p. 771 - 777
(2015/10/05)
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- Synthesis of unsymmetrical phenylurea derivatives via oxidative cross coupling of aryl formamides with amines under metal-free conditions
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A new synthetic approach for phenylurea derivatives involving the cross coupling of N-aryl formamides with amines through the formation of isocyanate intermediates in the presence of hypervalent iodine reagents is described.
- Reddy, Nagireddy Veera,Kumar, Pailla Santhosh,Reddy, Peddi Sudhir,Kantam, Mannepalli Lakshmi,Reddy, Kallu Rajender
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supporting information
p. 805 - 809
(2015/02/19)
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- One-pot and novel route for the synthesis of 4-substituted-1,2,4- triazolidine-3,5-diones
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The efficient and one-pot synthesis of 4-substituted-1,2,4-triazolidin-3,5- dione derivatives (4-substituted urazoles) via combination of triphosgene, substituted anilines, and ethyl carbazate in the presence of cesium carbonate is presented.
- Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Nikoorazm, Mohsen,Azadi, Gouhar
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supporting information
p. 451 - 454
(2014/03/21)
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- Metal free oxidative coupling of aryl formamides with alcohols for the synthesis of carbamates
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A direct transformation of N-aryl formamides to the corresponding carbamates via the formation of isocyanate intermediates is achieved in good yields using hypervalent iodine as an oxidant. This journal is
- Reddy, N. Veera,Prasad, K. Rajendra,Reddy, P. Sudhir,Lakshmi Kantam,Reddy, K. Rajender
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supporting information
p. 2172 - 2175
(2014/04/03)
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- Novel VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors identified by the back-to-front approach
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We report a novel VEGFR-2 inhibitor, developed by the back-to-front approach. Docking experiments indicated that the 3-chloromethylphenylurea motif of the lead compound occupied the back pocket of VEGFR-2 kinase. An attempt was made to enhance the binding affinity of 1 by expanding the structure to access the front pocket using a triazole linker. A library of 1,4-(disubstituted)-1H-1, 2,3-triazoles were screened in silico, and one compound (VH02) was identified with an IC50 against VEGFR-2 of 0.56 μM. VH02 showed antiangiogenic effects, inhibiting tube formation in HUVEC cells (EA.hy926) at 0.3 μM, 13 times lower than its cytotoxic dose. These enzymatic and cellular activities suggest that VH02 has potential as a lead for further optimization.
- Sanphanya, Kingkan,Wattanapitayakul, Suvara K.,Phowichit, Suwadee,Fokin, Valery V.,Vajragupta, Opa
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supporting information
p. 2962 - 2967
(2013/06/27)
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- Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of novel diaryl urea derivatives
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A series of novel diaryl ureas containing 4-[(2-amino-6-trifluromethyl) pyrimidine-4-yl]piperazine-1-yl group were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activities in a panel of human cancer cell lines. Compared with the reference drug Sorafenib, some compounds showed more potent and a broader spectrum of anti-cancer activities. Among them, compound 2p demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against MDA-MB-231, HT-29 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.016, 0.63, 0.001 μmol/L, respectively.
- Zhao, Yan-Fang,Liu, Zi-Jian,Zhai, Xin,Ge, Dan-Dan,Huang, Qiang,Gong, Ping
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p. 386 - 388
(2013/07/19)
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- A simple and efficient synthesis of diaryl ureas with reduction of the intermediate isocyanate by triethylamine
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Thirty symmetrical diaryl urea derivatives were synthesised in moderate to excellent yields from arylamine and triphosgene with triethylamine as a reducing agent for the intermediate, isocyanate. It was significant that part of the products could be collected in almost quantitative yield without column chromatography. The procedure under mild reaction conditions was tolerant of a wide range of functional groups. The structures of the compounds were determined by NMR, MS and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
- Zhou, Shuguang,Yao, Ting,Yi, Jicheng,Li, Dashuai,Xiong, Jing
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p. 315 - 319
(2013/07/27)
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- Synthesis and crystal structure of N-(3-benzylamino-2-cyano-3- methylthioacrylyl)-N′-(substituted phenyl)ureas
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Phenylurea groups were introduced into the frame of traditional cyanoacrylate and a series of N-(3-benzylamino-2-cyano-3-methylthioacrylyl)- N′-(substituted phenyl)ureas were synthesized. All compounds are new and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analyses.
- Zhong, Shi Hua,Fan, Ming Liang,Liu, Bing Yu,Wei, Dong Mei,Liu, Jian Bing
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p. 295 - 300
(2013/07/27)
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- Mechanism of sulfur transfer from 1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5-diones to triphenylphosphines
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The mechanism of sulfurization of substituted triphenylphosphines with 4-(3- and 4-substituted)-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5-diones in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran and toluene at 25°C was studied. The reaction pathway involves rate-limiting initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur followed by fast decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate to the corresponding phosphine sulfide, phenylisocyanate and carbonylsulfide. From the Hammett correlations and from the solvent dependency, it was concluded that the transition-state structure is very polar and resembles the zwitter-ionic intermediate. The extent of P-S bond formation and S-S bond cleavage is very similar in the solvents series, but the latter gradually decreases with the decreasing polarity of the solvent. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The mechanism of sulfurization of substituted triphenylphosphines with 4-(3- and 4-substituted)-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-3,5- diones in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran and toluene at 25°C was studied. The reaction pathway involves rate-limiting initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur followed by fast decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate to the corresponding phosphine sulfide, phenylisocyanate and carbonylsulfide. The transition-state structure is very polar and resembles the zwitter-ionic phosphonium intermediate. Copyright
- Ponomarov, Oleksandr,Padelkova, Zdenka,Hanusek, Jiri
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p. 560 - 564
(2013/07/26)
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- PhI(OAc)2/I2-mediated [3+2] reaction of [60]fullerene with amides for the preparation of fullerooxazoles
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An efficient synthesis of fullerooxazoles was developed via PhI(OAc) 2/I2-mediated [3+2] reaction of C60 with amides under photo-irradiation. The reaction was tolerant to various aryl and alkyl amides. The reaction mechanism was investigated in detail and a radical pathway was proposed for the formation of fullerooxazoles. Further transformation of compound 2l allowed the easy conjunction of fullerooxazole moiety to other molecular skeletons.
- Yang, Hai-Tao,Ren, Wen-Long,Dong, Chun-Ping,Yang, Yang,Sun, Xiao-Qiang,Miao, Chun-Bao
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supporting information
p. 6799 - 6803
(2013/11/19)
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- Synthesis and herbicidal activity of amide derivatives containing thiazole moiety
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Twelve novel amide derivatives containing thiazole moiety were synthesized via a coupling reaction of [4-(substituted phenyl)thiazol-2- yl] acetonitrile and aryl isocyanates catalyzed by organic bases. Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, MS and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassay indicated that these compounds exhibited moderate herbicidal activities against Echinochloa crusgalli and Amaranthus ascedense.
- Weng, Jian-Quan,Liu, Xing-Hai,Tong, Guo-Tong
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p. 2149 - 2152
(2013/05/09)
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- N-methylimidazole-catalyzed synthesis of carbamates from hydroxamic acids via the lossen rearrangement
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An efficient, one-pot, N-methylimidazole (NMI) accelerated synthesis of aromatic and aliphatic carbamates via the Lossen rearrangement is reported. NMI is a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanate intermediates to the carbamates. Moreover, the utility of arylsulfonyl chloride in combination with NMI minimizes the formation of often-observed hydroxamate-isocyanate dimers during the sequence. Under the present conditions, lowering of temperatures is also possible, enabling a mild protocol.
- Yoganathan, Sabesan,Miller, Scott J.
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p. 602 - 605
(2013/04/11)
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- Specific inhibitors of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase with a 3-(halogenated phenyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione skeleton
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Specific puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA) inhibitors with a 3-(halogenated phenyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione skeleton were prepared and their structure-activity relationships were investigated. The nature (F, Cl or Br), number and position(s) of the halogen atom(s) introduced into the 3-phenyl group were concluded to be critical determinants of the inhibitory activity.
- Matsumoto, Yotaro,Noguchi-Yachide, Tomomi,Nakamura, Masaharu,Mita, Yusuke,Numadate, Akiyoshi,Hashimoto, Yuichi
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p. 1449 - 1463
(2013/08/23)
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- Synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryl ureas from N-carbamoylimidazoles: Kinetics and application
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N-Carbamoylimidazoles dissociate in solution to yield imidazole and an isocyanate that may be reacted with another aryl amine to form an unsymmetrical biaryl urea. This paper investigates the reaction kinetics and the influence of electron withdrawing/donating substituents on the reaction of N-carbamoylimidazoles with aniline. The overall reaction mechanism involves two zwitterionic intermediates, formed during dissociation and upon reaction of the liberated isocyanate with aniline. The rate limiting step for the reaction is a base catalysed proton transfer from the second zwitterionic intermediate. Although electron withdrawing substituents on the aryl group hinder dissociation, they significantly increase reaction rates compared to compounds bearing electron donating substituents. The imidazole liberated upon dissociation catalyses the rate determining step so that reactions of dissociated N-carbamoylimidazoles proceed more rapidly than those involving only isocyanates. In addition, the imidazole eliminates the need for anhydrous reaction conditions. The N-carbamoylimidazole methodology was demonstrated by preparing sorafenib, a biaryl urea kinase inhibitor, in good yield and excellent purity.
- Rawling, Tristan,McDonagh, Andrew M.,Tattam, Bruce,Murray, Michael
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experimental part
p. 6065 - 6070
(2012/09/22)
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- (Tosylimino)phenyl-λ3-iodane as a reagent for the synthesis of methyl carbamates via hofmann rearrangement of aromatic and aliphatic carboxamides
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A new, mild procedure for the Hofmann rearrangement of aromatic and aliphatic carboxamides using (tosylimino)phenyl-λ3-iodane, PhINTs, as a reagent is reported. Because of the mild reaction conditions, this method is particularly useful for the Hofmann rearrangement of substituted benzamides, which usually afford complex reaction mixtures with other hypervalent iodine oxidants. The mild reaction conditions and high selectivity in the reaction of carboxamides with PhINTs allow the isolation of the initially formed labile isocyanates or their subsequent conversion to stable carbamates by treatment with alcohols.
- Yoshimura, Akira,Luedtke, Matthew W.,Zhdankin, Viktor V.
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experimental part
p. 2087 - 2091
(2012/05/05)
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- Discovery and structural modification of 1-phenyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)urea derivatives as inhibitors of complement
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A series of 1-phenyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)urea derivatives were identified as novel and potent complement inhibitors through structural modification of the original compound from high-throughput screening. Various analogues (7 and 13-15) were synthesized and identified as complement inhibitors, with the introduction of a five- or six-carbon chain (7c, 7d, 7k, 7l, and 7o) greatly improving their activity. Optimized compound 7l has an excellent inhibition activity with IC50 values as low as 13 nM. We demonstrated that the compound 7l inhibited C9 deposition through the classical, the lectin, and the alternative pathways but had no influence on C3 and C4 depositions.
- Zhang, Mei,Yang, Xiao-Ying,Tang, Wei,Groeneveld, Tom W. L.,He, Pei-Lan,Zhu, Feng-Hua,Li, Jia,Lu, Wei,Blom, Anna M.,Zuo, Jian-Ping,Nan, Fa-Jun
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 317 - 321
(2012/05/20)
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- Synthesis of aryliminoacetonitriles under FVT conditions or by dehydrogenation of arylaminoacetonitriles: an NMR and UV-photoelectron spectroscopy study
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The synthesis of [(E)-arylimino]-acetonitriles 3 has been described. It was found that the title compounds can be obtained on the three ways, namely by: (i) dehydrogenation of arylaminoacetonitriles 1, (ii) thermal fragmentation of 1-aryl-4-cyano-β-lactams 4 and (iii) retro-ene reaction of (allyl-p-methoxyphenyl-amino)-acetonitrile (7a) under FVT conditions. 1H and 13C NMR spectra of compounds 3, 5 and 6, and all their precursors 1 and 4, were recorded and analysed in detail using chemical shifts δH and δC [from GIAO DFT B3LYP/6-31(d) calculations] and J-couplings predicted at the DFT B3LYP/IGLO-II level. Also, UV-photoelectron spectra of 4a,d and 3a,d were measured and analysed considering the theoretical evaluation of their ionisation potentials.
- Le?niak, Stanis?aw,Chrostowska, Anna,Kuc, Dawid,Maciejczyk, Ma?gorzata,Khayar, Sa?d,Nazarski, Ryszard B.,Urbaniak, ?ukasz
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experimental part
p. 10581 - 10589
(2010/02/28)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of structurally constrained imidazolidin derivatives as potent dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors
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To find potent and selective inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), we synthesized a series of 2-cyanopyrrolidine derivatives with constrained imidazolidin ring and tested their activities against DPP-IV. Most of them exhibited submicromolar inhibitory activities against DPP-IV. The most potent compound among these is (S)-1-(2-(2-(3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl-amino)acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile (6n), which is a 2 nM DPP-IV inhibitor.
- Wang, Liutang,Zhang, Bin,Ji, Jianxin,Li, Bogang,Yan, Jufang,Zhang, Weiyu,Wu, Yong,Wang, Xuechao
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experimental part
p. 3318 - 3322
(2009/12/01)
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- Carbonyldiimidazole-mediated lossen rearrangement
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[Chemical Equation Presented] Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) was found to mediate the Lossen rearrangement of various hydroxamic acids to isocyanates. This process is experimentally simple and mild, with imidazole and CO 2 being the sole stoichiometric byproduct. Significant for large-scale application, the method avoids the use of hazardous reagents and thus represents a green alternative to standard processing conditions for the Curtius and Hofmann rearrangements.
- Dube, Pascal,Fine Nathel, Noah F.,Vetelino, Michael,Couturier, Michel,Aboussafy, Claude Larrivee,Pichette, Simon,Jorgensen, Matthew L.,Hardink, Mark
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5622 - 5625
(2010/03/02)
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- Synthesis and structure of N-alkyl(aryl)aminocarbonyl-1,4-benzoquinone imines
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New N-alkyl(aryl)aminocarbonyl-1,4-benzoquinone imines were synthesized by reaction of isocyanates with the corresponding substituted 4-aminophenols, and their structure was determined on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction data.
- Avdeenko,Konovalova,Sergeeva,Zubatyuk,Palamarchuk,Shishkin
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experimental part
p. 1765 - 1772
(2009/09/05)
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