110-13-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of functionalized tetrahydrofuran derivatives from 2,5-dimethylfuran through cascade reactions
Li,Muller,Pera-Titus,Jér?me,De Oliveira Vigier
, p. 2601 - 2609 (2019)
A three-step strategy is proposed for the functionalization of the methyl group of 2,5-dimethylfuran, encompassing the ring opening of 2,5-dimethylfuran to 2,5-hexanedione, its further aldol condensation with aldehydes, and hydrogenation-cyclization of the condensation intermediate to generate alkylated tetrahydrofuran. Active and selective catalysts could be identified for the aldol condensation and hydrogenation-cyclization reactions.
UN ANION β-ACYLE MASQUE DANS LES REACTIONS D'ACYLATION: LE DERIVE LITHIE DU DIOXOLANNE DU LEVULATE DE TRIMETHYLSILYLE
Moreau, Jean-Louis,Couffignal, Renee
, p. 139 - 144 (1985)
An organolithium reagent derived form trimethylsilyl-4,4-ethylenedioxypentanoate reacts with mixed carboxylic-carbonic anhydrides as a homoenolate anion equivalent.Several monoethylene acetals of 1,4-diketones and the corresponding diketones are synthesized by this way.
Dehydrogenation of Cyclic and Bicyclic Secondary Alkyl Peroxides during Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis
Bloodworth, A. J.,Baker, David S.
, p. 547 - 549 (1981)
Dehydrogenation to the corresponding diketone occurs to the extent of 16percent and 42percent respectively in the flash vacuum pyrolysis of 3,6-dimethyl-1,2-dioxacyclohexane and 2,3-dioxabicyclooctane, but is unimportant in similar pyrolyses of 3,5-dimethyl-1,2-dioxacyclopentane and 2,3-dioxabicycloheptane.
A facile synthesis of 1,4-diketones
Bergman,Nilsson,Wickberg
, p. 2783 - 2786 (1990)
1,4-Diketones may conveniently be synthesized by the addition of 2-methylcyclopropenyllithium to N-methoxy-N-methylcarboxamides followed by hydrolysis of intermediate cyclopropyl ketone adducts on silica gel. The new method has been applied to the synthesis of cis-jasmone.
Ether formation in the hydrogenolysis of hydroxymethylfurfural over palladium catalysts in alcoholic solution
Luijkx, Gerard C.A.,Huck, Nina P.M.,Van Rantwijk, Fred,Maat, Leendert,Van Bekkum, Herman
, p. 1037 - 1044 (2009)
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, a product from renewable feedstock, was subjected to hydrogenolysis over palladium catalysts in 1-propanol aiming at the synthesis of 2,5-dimethylfuran, a potential transportation fuel enhancer. Intermediates are 5-hydroxymethyl-2-(propyloxymethyl)furan, formed with high selectivity, and 5-methyl-2-(propyloxymethyl)furan. Acetals are assumed to be initially formed. Acetalisation and hydrogenolysis are catalysed by traces of a Bronsted acid. Important variables are the palladium support and the solvent. In 2-propanol also ether formation takes place. In 1,4-dioxane mainly 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan is formed, in water ring opening becomes a major reaction. The formation of some side-products is discussed.
A two-step approach for the catalytic conversion of glucose to 2,5-dimethylfuran in ionic liquids
Chidambaram, Mandan,Bell, Alexis T.
, p. 1253 - 1262 (2010)
Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive resource for producing transportation fuels, and consequently novel approaches are being sought for transforming the lignin and cellulosic constituents of biomass to fuels or fuel additives. Glucose, the monomer of cellulose, is a good starting material for exploring such chemistries. We report here the results of an investigation aimed at identifying catalysts for the dehydration of glucose to 5- hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) dissolved in ionic liquids and the subsequent conversion of HMF to 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), a high-energy content product that could be used as a fuel or fuel additive. Heteropoly acids were found to be exceptionally active and selective catalysts for the dehydration of glucose. Nearly 100% yield of HMF could be achieved using 12-molybdophosphoric acid (12-MPA) in a solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) and acetonitrile. The addition of acetonitrile to EMIMCl suppressed the formation of humins from glucose. The high HMF selectivity achievable with heteropoly acid catalysts is ascribed to stabilization of 1,2-enediol and other intermediates involved in the dehydration of glucose and the avoidance of forming the 2,3-enediol intermediate leading to furylhydroxymethyl ketone (FHMK). Carbon-supported metals, and in particular Pd/C, were effective in promoting the hydrogenation of HMF dissolved in EMIMCl and acetonitrile to DMF. The following intermediates were observed in the hydrogenation of HMF to DMF: 5-methylfurfural (MF), 5-methylfurfyl alcohol (MFA), and 2,5- dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF). The relative rate of formation and consumption of these compounds was explored by using each of them as a reactant in order to identify the reaction pathway from HMF to DMF. It was also observed that HMF produced via glucose dehydration could be converted to DMF without isolation, if the dehydration catalyst, 12 MPA, was replaced by the hydrogenation catalyst, Pd/C. This two-step catalytic approach provides the basis for completely converting glucose to HMF and further converting HMF to DMF. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010.
Efficient desymmetrization of 1,2 and 1,3 diols by dimethyldioxirane
Bovicelli, Paolo
, p. 3031 - 3034 (1995)
Dimethyldioxirane was used to monooxide 1,2 and 1,3 sec,sec-diols to the corresponding ketoalcohols, exploiting the inhibiting effect of the formed carbonyl group on the course of the process.
Producing methylcyclopentadiene dimer and trimer based high-performance jet fuels using 5-methyl furfural
Dai, Yiying,Liu, Qing,Liu, Yakun,Liu, Yanan,Ma, Chi,Nie, Genkuo,Pan, Lun,Shi, Chengxiang,Zhang, Xiangwen,Zou, Ji-Jun
, p. 7765 - 7768 (2020)
Methylcyclopentadiene dimer and trimer based fuels are synthesized from 5-methyl furfural for the first time with yields as high as 74.4%. They exhibit both high density and high thermal stability that are better than those of widely used fossil based jet fuels such as JP-10 and JP-7, and represent types of high-performance fuels. This work also provides a potential and scale-up feasible route for synthesizing high-performance jet fuels from biomass.
Catalytic dehydration of d-xylose to 2-furfuraldehyde in the presence of Zr-(W,Al) mixed oxides. Tracing by-products using two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Antunes, Margarida M.,Lima, Sérgio,Fernandes, Auguste,Candeias, Joana,Pillinger, Martyn,Rocha, Sílvia M.,Ribeiro, Maria Filipa,Valente, Anabela A.
, p. 127 - 135 (2012)
Zirconium-tungsten mixed oxides (ZrW) are effective catalysts in the aqueous-phase dehydration of d-xylose to 2-furfuraldehyde (Fur), at 170 °C. The texture and acid properties of ZrW materials were modified to enhance Fur yields. The catalysts prepared by co-condensation without a templating agent (ZrW(X), X = NO3, Cl; X is related to the type of zirconium precursor) possess relatively low specific surface area and amounts of accessible acid sites, leading to a modest Fur yield of ca. 35% at 99% conversion. The use of a templating agent in the preparation of mesoporous ZrW (ZrW-MP) increased considerably the specific surface area and the amount of accessible acid sites, which resulted in enhanced Fur yields (42%) reached at comparable conversions. Further improvements in Fur yields at high conversions were accomplished by introducing aluminium in the catalyst preparation procedure to give ZrAlW-MP (51% yield at 98% conversion). Fairly good catalytic results were also obtained in the case of the ZrAlW-MP catalyst, using solely water as solvent (46% yield at 93% conversion). A study of the identification of the reaction by-products by two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ToFMS) was carried out.
Facile Synthesis of 1,4-Diketones via Palladium Complex Catalyzed Isomerization of Alkynediols
Lu, Xiyan,Ji, Jianguo,Ma, Dawei,Shen, Wei
, p. 5774 - 5778 (1991)
Alkynediols isomerized under the catalysis of Pd(dba)3*CHCl3 + 2n-Bu3P in acetonitrile at 80 deg C to give 1,4-diketones in high yields.This experimentally simple and economically synthetic method is illustrated with examples including substituents such as alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl groups.The order of reactivity of the substituents in this reaction is aryl >/= alkenyl > alkyl.Alkenyl-substituted alkynediols chemoselectively isomerized to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated 1,4-diketones.The usefulness of this novel method is examplified by the synthesis of dihydrojasmone.
