548-62-9 Usage
Physical and Chemical Properties
Crystal Violet is also known as "purple", "methyl violet", "gentian violet." It belongs to triphenylmethane type alkaline dyes. Scientific name:"hexamethyl chloride rose aniline." It appears as dark green powder with metallic luster. It is soluble in water, alcohol and chloroform, but insoluble in ether. Its solubility in water is 1.68% and its solubility in 95% ethanol is 13.87%. However, the solubility of its iodide in two solvents is only 0.035% and 1.78% respectively. Both its aqueous solution and alcohol solution are purple. The structural formula of its chloride is:
Application
Crystal Violet can be used as the dyes of silk, paper and acrylic as well as biological stains. It can be used for manufacturing paints and printing inks. It can also used as an acid-alkaline indicator with coloring range being from pH 0.5 (green) to 2.0 (blue), and developing reagent for colorimetric assays.It can form a colored chelate with thallium in the hydrobromic acid medium, thus it can be used as thallium sensitivity reagent. It can also be used for the determination of other metal ions such as zinc, antimony, titanium, cadmium, tungsten, gold, mercury and so on. It can also be used as biological stains and non-aqueous titration acid-base indicator. In addition, it can also be used as antiseptic for inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus and some fungi. Its 1% aqueous solution is commonly known as "purple syrup" for the prevention and treatment of skin and mucous membrane infections. Its enteric-coated tablets can be used as orally anti-pinworm medicine.
Description
Different sources of media describe the Description of 548-62-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Crystal Violet is light sensitive. May react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release gaseous hydrogen.
2. Anti-infective (topical). Has been used as anthelmintic (Nematodes), as indicator for copper salts.
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 548-62-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. dark green powder or crystals
2. This is a perennial, herbaceous plant native to mountainous areas of Europe; it may reach 0.5 to 1.0 m (2 to 3 ft) in height It has large, cylindrical roots (internally yellow); erect chalice; and fowers with a yellow corolla and peduncles It blooms from July to August The part used is the root of two-year-old plants The color of the rhizomes ranges from dark brown to light tan The color of roots appears to be related to its bitter principle content The dried product and its derivatives of gentian exhibit a very bitter favor.
Occurrence
Gentian is a fl owering perennial found in Europe and Asia.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 548-62-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Crystal Violet is used as an acid-base indicator, an alcohol denaturant, a biological stain, a textile dye and an indicator for copper salts. It is a component of gram staining in microorganisms and cell lines.
2. As dye for wood, silk, paper; in inks; as biological stain.
3. Gentian Violet is the primary stain used in the Gram stain technique for differentiation of Gram-negative versus Gram-postive bacteria. Used as a component of CV cytotoxicity assays.
Preparation
It is manufactured through using N, N-dimethylaniline as raw materials, followed by condensation, addition, chlorination and other reactions. Alternatively, it can be synthesized through the reaction between Michler ketone and N, N-dimethylaniline reaction in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride, followed by azeotropic reaction with hydrochloric acid.
Recrystallization in hot water will generate compound containing nine crystal water molecules.
Brand name
Genapax (Key); Gvs (Savage).
Essential oil composition
A number of bitter compounds present in gentian are primarily amarogentin (strongly bitter), gentiopricin
(approximately 1.5% in fresh root), swertiamarin and gentiopricroside. The leaves and flowers contain mainly xanthones.
Secoiridoids and flavonoids were also detected. In the phase of flowering, leaves are rich with compounds possessing C-glycoside
structures while O-glycoside structures accumulate mainly before flowering.
General Description
It belongs to triamino-triphenylmethane synthetic dyes; alkaline. It is an important dye used in bacterial Gram stain. The mixed reagent of crystal violet chloride and iodine is known as gentian violet.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Crystal Violet are not available, however, Crystal Violet is probably combustible.
Flammability and Explosibility
Notclassified
Biochem/physiol Actions
Crystal violet can be used for DNA visualization in agarose gels. The dye is used only in the presence of high concentrations of DNA. Crystal violet is also used for the staining of bacteria in gram staining technique. It is also used for the staining of plant chromosomes. Crystal Violet also helps in colorimetric measurement of cell viability.
Clinical Use
Gentian violet is variously known as hexamethyl-p-rosanilinechloride, crystal violet, methyl violet, and methylrosanilinechloride. It occurs as a green powder or greenflakes with a metallic sheen. The compound is soluble inwater (1:35) and alcohol (1:10) but insoluble in nonpolar organicsolvents. Gentian violet is available in vaginal suppositoriesfor the treatment of yeast infections. It is also used asa 1% to 3% solution for the treatment of ringworm and yeastinfections. Gentian violet has also been used orally as an anthelminticfor strongyloidiasis (threadworm) and oxyuriasis.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes, An
experimental teratogen. Other experimental
reproductive effects. A human sktn irritant.
Human mutation data reported.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
carcinogenic data. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
NO, and Cl-.
Properties and Applications
TEST ITEMS
SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE
DARK GREEN POWDER OR GRANULE
SHADE
BLUISH
HEAT RESISTANCE
200 °C min
DENSITY
1.07 g/cm
3
WATER FASTNESS
4-5
LIGHT FASTNESS
1-2
BLEACHABILITY (OXIDATIVE)
4
BLEACHABILITY (REDUCTIVE)
3
WATER SOLUBILITY AT
25 °C
16 g/L min
WATER INSOLUBLE
1.0% max
MOISTURE
3.0% max
TINTING STRENGTH
100-105 %
WEIGHT METAL TOTAL
50ppm max
TEST ITEMS
SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE
DARK GREEN POWDER OR GRANULE
SHADE
BLUISH
HEAT RESISTANCE
200 °C min
WATER SOLUBILITY AT
25 °C
16 g/L min
TINTING STRENGTH
100-105 %
WEIGHT METAL TOTAL
50ppm max
Purification Methods
Crystallise the dye from water (20mL/g), the crystals being separated from the chilled solution by centrifugation, then wash them with chilled EtOH (solubility is 1g in 10 mL of hot EtOH) and diethyl ether and dry under vacuum. It is soluble in CHCl3 but insoluble in Et2O. The carbinol is precipitated from an aqueous solution of the dye-hydrochloride, using excess NaOH, then dissolve in HCl and recrystallise it from water as the chloride [UV and kinetics: Turgeon & La Mer J Am Chem Soc 74 5988 1952]. The carbinol base has m 195o (needles from EtOH). The diphthalate (blue and turns red in H2O) crystallises from H2O, m 153-154o(dec at 185-187o)[Chamberlain & Dull J Am Chem Soc 50 3089 1928]. [Beilstein 13 H 233, 13 IV 2284.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 548-62-9 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 5,4 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 548-62:
(5*5)+(4*4)+(3*8)+(2*6)+(1*2)=79
79 % 10 = 9
So 548-62-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C25H30N3.ClH/c1-26(2)22-13-7-19(8-14-22)25(20-9-15-23(16-10-20)27(3)4)21-11-17-24(18-12-21)28(5)6;/h7-18H,1-6H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
548-62-9Relevant articles and documents
Method for preparing triarylmethane compounds and application thereof
-
Paragraph 0028-0033, (2019/11/13)
The invention discloses a method for preparing a triarylmethane dye. 4,4'-N,N-disubstituted aminodiphenylmethane (bass) and aromatic amines or substituted aromatic amines, phenols or substituted phenols are dissolved in a solvent, metal complexes and tetrachlorobenzoquinone are used as catalysts and oxygen is used as oxidant, the mixture reacts for 5-8 hours at acid conditions and a certain temperature, so that the product triarylmethane dye is obtained in one step, and the commercialized product is obtained through further treatment, so as to meet the application requirement in different fields. The method is simple and safe, and has high yield and less three-wastes.
Modification of crystal violet - Sulfite ion equilibrium induced by SDS micelles
Fernandez,Garcia-Rio,Leis,Mejuto,Perez-Lorenzo
, p. 52 - 55 (2007/10/03)
The presence of sodium dodecylsulfate micelles was found to displace the equilibrium between crystal violet and sulfite ion in the direction of the former and lead to complete recovery of the dye. The underlying mechanism for this anomalous behaviour was elucidated and the rate of the reversal process determined.
Reactions of aniline with alkali metal diphenylketyls and dianions derived from benzophenone and Michler's ketone
Turaeva,Kurbatov
, p. 1787 - 1790 (2007/10/03)
Potassium diphenylketyl and benzophenone dianion react with aniline to afford N-(diphenylmethylene) aniline. Under analogous conditions, the corresponding sodium and lithium derivatives undergo disproportionation with formation of triphenylmethanol, benzo
