76-01-7Relevant articles and documents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING 1,1,2-TRICHLORO-2-FLUOROETHENE (TCFE) AND APPLICATION THEREOF
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Paragraph 0015-0016, (2021/02/19)
To provide a novel method capable of efficiently producing 1,1,2-trichloro-2-fluoroethene (TCFE) and to provide a novel application of TCFE.SOLUTION: There are provided: a method for producing 1,1,2-trichloro-2-fluoroethene (TCFE) which comprises a) a step of fluorinating pentachloroethane at a temperature of 0 to 80°C to generate monofluoropentachloroethane and b) a step of reacting the monofluoropentachloroethane obtained in the step a) with zinc to generate TCFE; and a use of a composition comprising TCFE as a solvent or a detergent.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Photocatalytic degradation of gaseous trichloroethylene on porous titanium dioxide pellets modified with copper(II) under visible light irradiation
Tashiro, Keigo,Tanimura, Toshifumi,Yamazaki, Suzuko
, p. 228 - 235 (2019/04/17)
Porous titanium dioxide pellets modified with copper(II) ion (Cu-TiO2) were synthesized by sol-gel method with dialysis for photocatalytic degradation of gaseous trichloroethylene (TCE) under visible light (VL) irradiation. TCE was completely degraded by passing the gas stream (mole fractions of oxygen and TCE were 0.2 and 1.75 × 10?4, respectively) at the flow rate of 25 mL min?1 through 0.2 g of the Cu-TiO2 pellets (Cu content: 0.1 atom%) calcined at 200 °C. TCE was converted mainly to carbon dioxide, dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), and inorganic chlorine species. Relatively small quantities of pentachloroethane (PCA) and trichloroacetaldehyde (TCAH) were detected as products on the Cu-TiO2 surface. Comparison with porous TiO2 pellets under ultraviolet irradiation revealed that more chlorinated products and less carbon dioxide were formed on Cu-TiO2 under VL irradiation. The mineralization of TCE to carbon dioxide was calculated to be only ca. 30.0%. It is noted that DCAA, PCA and TCAH were accumulated on the surface and were extracted with ethyl acetate. The porous Cu-TiO2 pellets show promise as the photocatalyst acting under VL irradiation for converting TCE gas to chlorinated compounds which can be used in industries.
Method for comprehensive utilization of hexachloroethane
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Paragraph 0015; 0017-0019; 0021; 0023; 0025; 0027; 0030, (2017/10/27)
The invention relates to a comprehensive utilization method of a dichloroethane chlorination byproduct namely hexachloroethane. The comprehensive utilization method comprises the following steps: adding a hexachloroethane solution, glycerin, a hydrogenation catalyst and a chlorination catalyst into a high-pressure kettle; after feeding is finished, performing hydrodechlorination and glycerin chlorination reaction at the same time at certain temperature and under certain hydrogen pressure; after reaction is finished, maintaining the temperature for 4h, and then reducing the temperature to the room temperature; performing filtering separation to obtain the hydrogenation catalyst, layering reaction liquid to obtain a solvent layer and a glycerin layer, wherein the solvent layer contains a solvent, pentachloroethane, pentachloroethane and trichloroethane, and the glycerin layer contains the glycerin, dichloropropanol, water, the chlorination catalyst and monochlorohydrin.
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHLORINATED METHANES
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Paragraph 0062; 0063, (2017/04/11)
The present invention provides processes for the production of chlorinated methanes via the direct chlorination of methane. The processes include a dehydrochlorination and/or chlorination step that converts up to 100% of the higher chlorinated alkanes in a process stream from the methane chlorination reaction into more highly chlorinated alkanes. These more highly chlorinated alkanes can be easily removed from the process stream. The use of a cost effective feedstream of crude methane is thus rendered possible, without additional capital expenditure for the sophisticated separation equipment required to separate ethane and other hydrocarbon components from the methane feed.
Chlorination reactions relevant to the manufacture of trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene; Part 2: Effects of chlorine supply
Sutherland, Iain W.,Hamilton, Neil G.,Dudman, Christopher C.,Jones, Peter,Lennon, David,Winfield, John M.
, p. 149 - 156 (2014/04/03)
The behaviour of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and trichloroethene in chlorination reactions where the supply of chlorine is varied, either by change in chlorocarbon: Cl2 feed ratio or the quantity of supported copper(II) chloride catalyst or by the use of an anhydrous hydrogen chloride/dioxygen feed as the source of chlorine, i.e. oxychlorination conditions, is described. Depending on the exact conditions used, the products are trichloroethene, pentachloroethane or tetrachloroethene. The products and the conditions under which they are observed are both in harmony with a previously proposed reaction scheme in which there is interplay between heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions. It is possible to define sets of reaction conditions which lead to improvements in selectivity towards the formation of either CHCl=CCl2 or CCl2=CCl2 without significant formation of oligomeric species.
Photocatalysis of chloroform decomposition by hexachloroosmate(IV)
Pena, Laura A.,Hoggard, Patrick E.
body text, p. 467 - 470 (2010/10/19)
Hexachloroosmate(IV) effectively catalyzes the photodecomposition of chloroform in aerated solutions. The decomposition products are consistent with a mechanism in which excited state OsCl62- reduces chloroform, rather than one involving photodissociation of chlorine atoms. Trace amounts of ethanol or water in the chloroform lead to photosubstitution to form OsCl5(EtOH)- or OsCl5(H2O) -, neither of which is photocatalytically active.
Mechanistic studies of the photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene with visible-light-driven N-doped TiO2 photocatalysts
Joung, Soon-Kil,Amemiya, Takashi,Murabayashi, Masayuki,Itoh, Kiminori
, p. 5526 - 5534 (2008/03/27)
Visible-light-driven TiO2 photocatalysts doped with nitrogen have been prepared as powders and thin films in a cylindrical tubular furnace under a stream of ammonia gas. The photocatalysts thus obtained were found to have a band-gap energy of 2.95 eV. Electron spin resonance (ESR) under irradiation with visible light (λ ≥ 430 nm) afforded the increase in intensity in the visible-light region. The concentration of trapped holes was about fourfold higher than that of trapped electrons. Nitrogendoped TiO 2 has been used to investigate mechanistically the photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) under irradiation with visible light (λ ≥ 420 nm). Cl and O radicals, which contribute significantly to the generation of dichloroacetyl chloride (DCAC) in the photocatalytic oxidation of TCE under UV irradiation, were found to be deactivated under irradiation with visible light. As the main by-product. only phosgene was detected in the photocatalytic oxidation of TCE under irradiation with visible light. Thus, the reaction mechanism of TCE photooxidation under irradiation with visible light clearly differs markedly from that under UV irradiation. Based on the results of the present study, we propose a new reaction mechanism and adsorbed species for the photocatalytic oxidation of TCE under irradiation with visible light. The energy band for TiO2 by doping with nitrogen may involve an isolated band above the valence band.
Reactivity of Fe(II)-Bearing Minerals toward Reductive Transformation of Organic Contaminants
Elsner, Martin,Schwarzenbach, Rene P.,Haderlein, Stefan B.
, p. 799 - 807 (2007/10/03)
Fe(II) present at surfaces of iron-containing minerals can play a significant role in the overall attenuation of reducible contaminants in the subsurface. As the chemical environment, i.e., the type and arrangement of ligands, strongly affects the redox potential of Fe(II), the presence of various mineral sorbents is expected to modulate the reactivity of surficial Fe(II)-species in aqueous systems. In a comparative study we evaluated the reactivity of ferrous iron in aqueous suspensions of siderite (FeCO 3), nontronite (ferruginous smectite SWa-1), hematite (α-Fe2O3), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), goethite (α-FeOOH), magnetite (Fe3O4), sulfate green rust (FeII4FeIII2(OH)12SO 4·4H2O), pyrite (FeS2), and mackinawite (FeS) under similar conditions (pH 7.2, 25 m2 mineral/L, 1 mM Fe(II)aq, O2 (aq) 0.1 g/L). Surface-area-normalized pseudo first-order rate constants are reported for the reduction of hexachloroethane and 4-chloronitrobenzene representing two classes of environmentally relevant transformation reactions of pollutants, i.e., dehalogenation and nitroaryl reduction. The reactivities of the different Fe(II) mineral systems varied greatly and systematically both within and between the two data sets obtained with the two probe compounds. As a general trend, surface-area-normalized reaction rates increased in the order Fe(II) + siderite Fe(II) + iron oxides Fe(II) + iron sulfides. 4-Chloronitrobenzene was transformed by mineral-bound Fe(II) much more rapidly than hexachloroethane, except for suspensions of hematite, pyrite, and nontronite. The results demonstrate that abiotic reactions with surface-bound Fe(II) may affect or even dominate the long-term behavior of reducible pollutants in the subsurface, particularly in the presence of Fe(III) bearing minerals. As such reactions can be dominated by specific interactions of the oxidant with the surface, care must be taken in extrapolating reactivity data of surface-bound Fe(II) between different compound classes.
Synthesis of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane by fluorination of 1-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethane
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Example 1, (2008/06/13)
The subject of the invention is the manufacture of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane by fluorination or 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane with anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. The reaction is carried out in the liquid phase and in the presence of a fluorination catalyst.
Synthesis and properties of N-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-trifluoromethanesulfonamide and its derivatives
Rozentsveig,Levkovskaya,Kondrashov,Evstaf'eva,Mirskova
, p. 1559 - 1563 (2007/10/03)
The reaction of N,N-dichloromethanesulfonamide with trichloroethylene gave N-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)trifluoromethanesulfonamide which showed high reactivity toward oxygen-and nitrogen-centered nucleophiles, as well as in C-alkylation of aromatic compo
