3458-28-4Relevant articles and documents
-
Hudson,Jackson
, p. 958 (1934)
-
Structural characterization of immunostimulating polysaccharide from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris
Lee, Jong Seok,Kwon, Jeong Seok,Yun, Jong Seok,Pahk, Jung Woon,Shin, Won Cheol,Lee, Shin Young,Hong, Eock Kee
, p. 1011 - 1017 (2010)
The water soluble crude polysaccharide obtained from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris (CPM) by hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation was fractionated by DEAE cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. This fractionation process resulted in four polysaccharide fractions that were termed CPMN Fr I, CPMN Fr II, CPMN Fr III, and CPMN Fr IV. Of these fractions, CPMN Fr III was able to upregulate the functional events mediated by activated macrophages, such as production of nitric oxide (NO) and expression of cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Its structural characteristics were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analyses, including methylation, reductive cleavage, acetylation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicate that CPMN Fr III was a high molecular mass polysaccharide with a random coil conformation of the β-1,4-branched-β-1,6-galactoglucomannan.
One-pot conversion of cellobiose to mannose using a hybrid phosphotungstic acid-cerium oxide catalyst
Gernhart, Zane C.,Bhalkikar, Anuja,Burke, John J.,Sonnenfeld, Kate O.,Marin, Chris M.,Zbasnik, Richard,Cheung, Chin Li
, p. 28478 - 28486 (2015)
A hybrid catalyst composed of phosphotungstic acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles was demonstrated to catalyze the one-pot conversion of cellobiose, the disaccharide unit of cellulose, to a monosaccharide mixture of glucose and mannose. A high % conversion of cellobiose (up to 99%) was achieved resulting in a yield of mannose up to 15.8%. The yield of mannose from a glucose starting material was 22.8%, exceeding those of previous cerium-based glucose epimerization catalysts. The components of the hybrid material were revealed to function synergistically via a two-step process. Cellobiose was hypothesized to be first hydrolyzed to glucose, which was subsequently epimerized to mannose by the cerium ions leached from the catalyst. The 13C NMR spectroscopic study suggested that the epimerization likely occurred by way of a 1,2-carbon shift reaction mechanism. This journal is
Production of monosaccharides and bio-active compounds derived from marine polysaccharides using subcritical water hydrolysis
Meillisa, Aviannie,Woo, Hee-Chul,Chun, Byung-Soo
, p. 70 - 77 (2014)
Polysaccharides are the major components of brown seaweed, accounting for approximately 40-65% of the total mass. The majority of the brown seaweed polysaccharides consists of alginate (40% of dry matter), a linear hetero-polysaccharides commonly developed in fields. However, depolymerisation of alginate is required to recover high-value compounds. In this report, depolymerisation was performed using subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) at 180-260 °C, with a ratio of material to water of 1:25 (w/v) and 1% formic acid as a catalyst. Sugar recovery was higher at low temperatures in the presence of catalyst. The antioxidant properties of Saccharina japonica showed the best activity at 180 °C in the presence of a catalyst. The mass spectra produced using MALDI-TOF showed that polysaccharides and oligosaccharides were produced during hydrothermal treatment. Hydrolysis treatment at 180 °C in the presence of a catalyst may be useful for modifying the structure of S. japonica and purified alginate.
Gargantulide A, a complex 52-membered macrolactone showing antibacterial activity from streptomyces sp.
Rho, Jung-Rae,Subramaniam, Gurusamy,Choi, Hyukjae,Kim, Eun-Hee,Ng, Sok Peng,Yoganathan,Ng, Siewbee,Buss, Antony D.,Butler, Mark S.,Gerwick, William H.
, p. 1377 - 1380 (2015)
Gargantulide A (1), an extremely complex 52-membered macrolactone, was isolated from Streptomyces sp. A42983 and displayed moderate activity against MRSA. The planar structure of 1 was determined using 2D NMR, and its stereochemistry was partially established on the basis of NOESY correlations, J-based configuration analysis, and Kishi's universal NMR database.
-
Hockett et al.
, p. 2051 (1941)
-
New secondary metabolites from Asphodelus tenuifolius
Safder, Muhammad,Mehmood, Rashad,Ali, Bakhat,Mughal, Uzma Rasheed,Malik, Abdul,Jabbar, Abdul
, p. 144 - 151 (2012)
Asphorins A and B (1 and 2, resp.), two new triterpene glycosides, have been isolated along with a new chromone, 3, from the AcOEt subfraction of the MeOH extract of the whole plant of Asphodelus tenuifolius. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis including 2D-NMR spectroscopic experiments. Copyright
On the desulphation of carbohydrate sulphates
Roy, Alexander B.,Turner, Jennifer
, p. 338 - 343 (1983)
-
Molybdenum-based polyoxometalates as highly active and selective catalysts for the epimerization of aldoses
Ju, Feifei,Vandervelde, David,Nikolla, Eranda
, p. 1358 - 1364 (2014)
In this contribution, we report on the high activity and selectivity of Keggin structure molybdenum-based polyoxometalates (POMs) in catalyzing the epimerization of aldoses. Near-equilibrium conversions and selectivities were obtained within the first hour of operation under aqueous conditions at relatively low temperatures and a wide range of pHs. Characterization of the molybdenum-based POM catalysts using X-ray diffraction and FTIR studies before and after the reaction showed no evidence of their decomposition. Our studies suggest that the active sites for the reaction are the molybdenum oxide octahedra on the surface of the Keggin structure of the molybdenum-based POMs (H3PMo12O40, Ag3PMo 12O40, Sn0.75PMo12O40). Further characterization of the system using 31P NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments showed that the interaction between the aldose (e.g., glucose) and the molybdenum oxide octahedra in the POM results in electron transfer from the aldose to molybdenum, leading to the formation of the reduced form of the POM (also known as heteropoly blue). Isotope labeling experiments demonstrated that the epimerization of glucose using molybdenum-based POMs proceeds via an intramolecular C1-C2 shift mechanism with an activation barrier of as low as ～96 kJ/mol, obtained using controlled kinetic experiments. These findings open up avenues for the implementation of molybdenum-based POMs as single, selective, and stable catalytic systems for the efficient epimerization of aldoses under aqueous conditions at relatively low temperatures and a wide range of pHs.
Structural features and anti-gastric cancer activity of polysaccharides from stem, root, leaf and flower of cultivated Dendrobium huoshanense
Liu, Bing,Shang, Zhen-Zi,Li, Qiang-Ming,Zha, Xue-Qiang,Wu, De-Ling,Yu, Nian-Jun,Han, Lan,Peng, Dai-Yin,Luo, Jian-Ping
, p. 651 - 664 (2020)
The structure features and anti-gastric cancer activities in vitro of stem, root, leaf and flower polysaccharides from cultivated Dendrobium huoshanense were investigated systematically. Stem polysaccharide (cDHPS) was composed of →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-
Purification, characterization and antitumor activity of an exopolysaccharide produced by Bacillus velezensis SN-1
Cao, Chengxu,Li, Yang,Wang, Cong,Zhang, Naiqi,Zhu, Xinyuan,Wu, Rina,Wu, Junrui
, p. 354 - 361 (2020)
A capsular polysaccharides (CPS) producer Bacillus velezensis SN-1 (B. velezensis SN-1) was isolated in Da-jiang, China. We used ultrasonic extraction to obtain CPS from a culture of B. velezensis SN-1 at a yield of 755 mg/L. Using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), CPS was separated into a single peak with a molecular weight of 1.46 × 105 Da. Its structures were characterized by gas chromatography (GC), methylation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The CPS was identified as a polysaccharide with a highly branched main chain of mannose with (1 → 3) connections. Moreover, our results revealed that CPS has the capacity to scavenge DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, ABTS radical and oxygen radical in a manner that relied on concentration. Anti-neoplastic analysis showed that CPS displayed significant anti-tumor activity towards HepG-2 tumor cells. Above findings indicate that CPS generated by B. velezensis SN-1 may be adapted for use as a natural antioxidant in foodstuffs and as an anti-tumor drug.
Molecular Recognition Ability of a Nickel(II) Complex: Effect of Chirality of Diamine Ligand in Aldose Epimerization
Hataya, Koji,Yanagihara, Ryoji,Osanai, Shuichi,Yoshikawa, Sadao
, p. 1246 - 1247 (1991)
The complex composed of nickel(II) and the optically active N,N'-diethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (chxn) showed ability to recognize the shape of molecules in terms of the configuration of the various OH groups in aldoses during the epimerization of D-glucose to D-mannose.
Structural characterization of an active polysaccharide of longan and evaluation of immunological activity
Rong, Yu,Yang, Ruili,Yang, Yuzhe,Wen, Yazhou,Liu, Sixin,Li, Congfa,Hu, Zhuoyan,Cheng, Xiangrong,Li, Wu
, p. 247 - 256 (2019)
An active polysaccharide (LPD2) was isolated from longan pulp by comparing the effects of polysaccharides on the phagocytosis of macrophages. LPD2 was composed of arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.25:0.49:1:0.5 with average molecular weight of 9.64 × 106 Da. The main linkages of the sugar residues of LPD2 were (1→4)-β-Glc and (1→6)-β-Man. LPD2 significantly enhanced the lymphocytes proliferation, phagocytosis and NO and IL-6 secretion by macrophage. The anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 mAbs markedly suppressed LPD2-mediated NO and IL-6 production. Furthermore, anti-TLR4 or anti-TLR2 plus anti-TLR4 treatment significantly decreased LPD2-induced increase of MyD88, IRAK4, TRAF6 and INOS mRNA expression. Moreover, western blotting analysis showed that LPD2 enhanced the expression of target proteins in MyD88/IRAK4-TRAF6- INOS pathways. These results suggested that LPD2 induced macrophage activation partly via the TLR2- and TLR4-mediated MyD88/IRAK4-TRAF6 signaling pathways. Knowing the structural features and activities of active polysaccharide of longan gives the insights into longan polysaccharide application as an immunomodulatory agent.
Isopimarane diterpene glycosides, apoptosis inducers, obtained from fruiting bodies of the ascomycete Xylaria polymorpha
Shiono, Yoshihito,Motoki, Sadayoshi,Koseki, Takuya,Murayama, Tetsuya,Tojima, Masato,Kimura, Ken-ichi
, p. 935 - 939 (2009)
The methanol extract of fruiting bodies of the ascomycete Xylaria polymorpha afforded three isopimarane diterpene glycosides, namely, 16-α-d-mannopyranosyloxyisopimar-7-en-19-oic acid (1), 15-hydroxy-16-α-d-mannopyranosyloxyisopimar-7-en-19-oic acid (2),
Preparation and biological activities of an exopolysaccharide produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206
Jin, Mingliang,Wang, Youming,Xu, Chunlan,Lu, Zeqing,Huang, Ming,Wang, Yizhen
, p. 607 - 611 (2010)
A water-soluble extracellular polysaccharide (EPS-1) was isolated from the submerged culture broth of Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 through fermentation, ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Its structural analysis showed that the average molecular weight of EPS-1 was 23,928 Da, and it was composed of glucose, mannose and galactose with a molar ratio of 6.860:1.180:0.455. It was hypothesized that EPS-1 belongs to the α-type heteropolysaccharide with pyran group. Bioactivity tests in vivo showed that the administration of EPS-1 to cyclophosphamide (CP)-exposed animals resulted in significant increase and recovery of B lymphocyte proliferation, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)). It is suggested that EPS-1 could provide protection against CP-induced immunosuppression and oxidative damage in mice model, and it may act as a potent immunomodulatory and antioxidant agent.
Characterization and antioxidant activities of extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides from Fomitopsis pinicola
Hao, Limin,Sheng, Zhicun,Lu, Jike,Tao, Ruyu,Jia, Shiru
, p. 54 - 59 (2016)
Fomitopsis pinicola (F. pinicola) is a kind of medicinal fungi, and few studies has been carried out on F. pinicola polysaccharides from liquid submerged cultivation. The characterization and antioxidant activities of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) and intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) isolated from F. pinicola were investigated. The results showed that the molecular weight of EPS was 2.30 × 104 Da, and EPS was composed of mannose, rhamnose, xylose and galactose with the molar ratio of 0.1:1.0:0.3:0.5. The molecular weight of IPS was 4.07 × 105 Da, and the monosaccharide compositions included glucose, mannose, rhamnose, xylose and galactose with the molar ratio of 1.0:0.9:0.9:0.8:1.1. Antioxidant activities of both EPS and IPS including in vitro scavenging activities on 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, cellular protective effects on yeast cells from ultraviolet (UV) radiation and H2O2 oxidative damage were tested. Both EPS and IPS showed antioxidant activities in a dose dependent manner, and IPS had higher antioxidant activity than EPS. So EPS and IPS could be potential novel antioxidants for functional food.
A novel acid polysaccharide from Boletus edulis: extraction, characteristics and antitumor activities in vitro
Meng, Ting,Yu, Sha-sha,Ji, Hai-yu,Xu, Xiao-meng,Liu, An-jun
, p. 13 - 24 (2021/02/01)
A novel cold-water-soluble polysaccharide (BEP), with a molecular weight of 6.0 × 106?Da, was isolated from Boletus edulis. BEP consists of galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, glucuronic, and galacturonic acid in a ratio of 0.34:0.28:0.28:2.57:1.00:0.44. The IR results showed that BEP was an acid polysaccharide, containing α-type and β-type glucoside bonds. MTT assay showed BEP could inhibit cell proliferation significantly. Morphological observation demonstrated that BEP-treated MDA-MB-231 and Ca761 cells exhibited typical apoptotic morphological features. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that BEP caused mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining indicated that BEP induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 and Ca761 cells through cell block in S phase and G0/G1 phase, respectively. Western blot results showed that BEP could increase the Bax/Bcl-2 ratios, promote the release of cytochrome C, and activate the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in MDA-MB-231 and Ca761 cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that BEP could inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and induce apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways.
Anti-inflammatory active components of the roots of Datura metel
Qin, Ze,Zhang, Jin,Chen, Liang,Liu, Shu-Xiang,Zhao, Hai-Feng,Mao, Hui-Min,Zhang, Hong-Yang,Li, De-Fang
, p. 392 - 398 (2020/03/30)
One new phenolic glycoside, methyl 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate-4-O-[2-O-β-D-apisoyl-6-O-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with 10 known compounds (2–11), were isolated from the roots of Datura metel. The structures of these compounds we
