89-55-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Palladium-catalyzed ortho-C-H hydroxylation of benzoic acids
Luo, Feihua,He, Shuhua,Gou, Quan,Chen, Jinyang,Zhang, mingzhong
, (2021/10/06)
A simple Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed ortho-hydroxylation of benzoic acids using TBHP as the sole oxidant has been explored. This protocol features relatively broad substrate scope and operational simplicity. The compatibility of ortho-substituted substrates is an effective complement to the previous ortho-hydroxylation reaction.
A convenient and efficient H2SO4-promoted regioselective monobromination of phenol derivatives using N-bromosuccinimide
Wu, Yong-Qi,Lu, Hai-Jia,Zhao, Wen-Ting,Zhao, Hong-Yi,Lin, Zi-Yun,Zhang, Dong-Feng,Huang, Hai-Hong
, p. 813 - 822 (2020/02/15)
A convenient, rapid H2SO4-promoted regioselective monobromination reaction with N-bromosuccinimide was developed. The desired para-monobrominated or ortho-monobrominated products of phenol derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields with high selectivity. Regioselective chlorination and iodination were also achieved in the presence of H2SO4 using N-chlorosuccinimide and N-iodosuccinimide, respectively.
Cooperativity within the catalyst: alkoxyamide as a catalyst for bromocyclization and bromination of (hetero)aromatics
Mondal, Haripriyo,Sk, Md Raja,Maji, Modhu Sudan
supporting information, p. 11501 - 11504 (2020/10/12)
Alkoxyamide has been reported as a catalyst for the activation ofN-bromosuccinimide to perform bromocyclization and bromination of a wide range of substrates in a lipophilic solvent, where adequate suppression of the background reactions was observed. The key feature of the active site is the alkoxy group attached to the sulfonamide moiety, which facilitates the acceptance as well as the delivery of bromonium species from the bromine source to the substrates.
Stepwise mechanism for the bromination of arenes by a hypervalent iodine reagent
Arrieta, Ana,Cossío, Fernando P.,Granados, Albert,Shafir, Alexandr,Vallribera, Adelina
, p. 2142 - 2150 (2020/03/11)
A mild, metal-free bromination method of arenes has been developed using the combination of bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobencene and trimethylsilyl bromide. In situ-formed dibromo(phenyl)-λ3-iodane (PhIBr2) is proposed as the reactive intermediate. This methodology using PIFA/TMSBr has been applied with success to a great number of substrates (25 examples). The treatment of mono-substituted activated arenes led to para-brominated products (2u-z) in excellent 83-96% yields. Density functional theory calculations indicate a stepwise mechanism involving a double bromine addition followed by a type II dyotropic reaction with concomitant re-aromatization of the six-membered ring.
Copper and L-(?)-quebrachitol catalyzed hydroxylation and amination of aryl halides under air
Bao, Xuefei,Chen, Guoliang,Dong, Jinhua,Du, Fangyu,Li, Hui,Liang, Xinjie,Wu, Ying,Zhang, Yongsheng
supporting information, (2020/08/03)
L-(?)-Quebrachitol, a natural product obtained from waste water of the rubber industry, was utilized as an efficient ligand for the copper-catalyzed hydroxylation and amination of aryl halides to selectively give phenols and aryl amines in water or 95percent ethanol. In addition, the hydroxylation of 2-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid was validated on a 100-g scale under air.
A new process to prepare 3,6-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, the penultimate intermediate in the synthesis of herbicide dicamba
Walker, Daniel P.,Harris, G. Davis,Carroll, Jeffery N.,Boehm, Terri L.,McReynolds, Matthew D.,Struble, Justin R.,van Herpt, Jochem,van Zwieten, Don,Koeller, Kevin J.,Bore, Mangesh
supporting information, p. 1032 - 1036 (2019/03/17)
Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is a broad spectrum, post-emergent herbicide that is among the most widely used agrochemicals globally. Over the past 30 years, there has been a development of glyphosate-resistant weeds, which pose a significant challenge to growers and crop scientists, resulting in lower crop yields and increased costs. 3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) is the active ingredient in XtendiMax a standalone herbicide developed by Bayer Crop Science to control broadleaf weeds, including glyphosate-resistant species. 3,6-Dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (3,6-DCSA) is the penultimate intermediate in the synthesis of dicamba. Existing dicamba manufacturing routes utilize a high temperature, high pressure Kolbe-Schmitt carboxylation to prepare 3,6-DCSA. Described in this Letter is a new, non-Kolbe-Schmitt process to prepare 3,6-DCSA from salicylic acid in four chemical steps.
Mild and Regioselective Bromination of Phenols with TMSBr
Ma, Xiantao,Yu, Jing,Jiang, Mengyuan,Wang, Mengyu,Tang, Lin,Wei, Mengmeng,Zhou, Qiuju
supporting information, p. 4593 - 4596 (2019/07/05)
In this work, an unexpected promoting effect of by-product thioether was observed, leading to a mild and regioselective bromination of phenols with TMSBr. This method can tolerate a series of functional groups such as the reactive methoxyl, amide, fluoro, chloro, bromo, aldehyde, ketone and ester groups, and has the potential to recycle the by-product thioether and isolate the desired product under column chromatography-free conditions. Mechanism studies revealed that O–H···S hydrogen bond may be formed between phenol and by-product thioether. Possibly owing to the steric hindrance effect from by-product thioether, the electrophilic bromination at para-position of phenols is much favorable.
Continuous production processes of dicamba methyl ester and dicamba methyl ester emulsifiable concentrate
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Paragraph 0074; 0075; 0080; 0081; 0086; 0087, (2019/06/05)
The invention provides a continuous production process of dicamba methyl ester. The process comprises the following steps: A) 5-bromo-3,6-dichlorosalicylic acid is subjected to a reaction under an alkaline condition and under the action of metal powder to remove bromine atoms in para-positions of hydroxyl, and 3,6-dichlorosalicylic acid is obtained; B) 3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid and halomethane are subjected to an etherification reaction in a mixed solvent of water and methanol, and methyl 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoate is obtained; C) methanol is removed by distillation; D) a system after distillation is left to stand for laying, an organic phase is distilled, and dicamba methyl ester is obtained. By means of the preparation process, continuous production can be realized, workers are notrequired to make direct contact with materials, the control degree is high, the production operation environment is greatly improved and safer, the process route and equipment are simple, the production cost is low, besides, the product yield and purity are greatly improved, and a superior route suitable for mass industrial production is provided.
Preparation method of dicamba
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Paragraph 0094; 0102; 0107; 0112; 0117; 0122; 0127; 0132, (2019/06/05)
The invention provides a preparation method of dicamba. The preparation method comprises the steps as follows: A) salicylic acid and bromine or hydrogen bromide are subjected to a reaction in concentrated sulfuric acid, 5-bromosalicylic acid is obtained; B) 5-bromosalicylic acid and chlorine are subjected to a chlorination reaction, 5-bromo-3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid is obtained; C) 5-bromo-3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid is subjected to a debromination reaction under the alkaline condition and under the action of metal powder, and 3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid is obtained; D) 3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid and halomethane are subjected to an etherification reaction in a mixed solvent of water and methanol, and methyl-3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoate is obtained; E) methanol is removed by distillation;F) a system after distillation is left to stand for laying, an organic phase is distilled, and dicamba methyl ester is obtained; G) dicamba methyl ester is subjected to alkaline hydrolysis, acidification and drying, and dicamba is obtained. The route comprises few steps and has low difficulty, the equipment requirement and investment are lower, continuous production can be realized, no three wastes are produced, and the product yield and purity are higher.
Preparation method of micamba methyl ester
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Paragraph 0077-0078; 0081-0082; 0085-0086; 0089-0090; 0093, (2019/06/13)
The invention provides a preparation method of micamba methyl ester. The preparation method comprises the steps as follows: A) salicylic acid and bromine are subjected to a reaction in concentrated sulfuric acid, 5-bromosalicylic acid is obtained; B) 5-bromosalicylic acid and chlorine are subjected to a chlorination reaction, 5-bromo-3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid is obtained; C) 5-bromo-3,6-dichlorosalycylic acid is subjected to a debromination reaction under the alkaline condition and under the action of metal powder, and 3,6-dichlorosalycylate is obtained; D) 3,6-dichlorosalycylate and halomethane are subjected to a methylation reaction in methanol and a quaternary ammonium salt phase transfer catalyst, and 3,6-dichloro-2-methyl methoxybenzoate is obtained; E) methanol is removed by distillation; F) a system after distillation is left to stand for laying, an organic phase is distilled, and dicamba methyl ester is obtained. By means of the preparation method, the yield and purity are higher, the route is simple and the production cost is low.
