90-80-2 Usage
Uses
D-glucono-1,5-lactone is the lactone derivative of D-gluconic acid. D-glucono-1,5-lactone is widely used as a food additive to achieve a curing, pickling or leavening effect.
Description
Delta-Gluconolactone (GDL) is a lactone of the D-gluconate. It is a natural constituent of many foods. It can be found in honey, fruit juices, wine and many-fermented products1-3. It is used as a food additive with the E number E575 used as a sequestrant, an acidifier (it lower the pH and also help preserve the food from deterioration by enzymes and organisms), or a curing, pickling, or leavening agent. GDL has been marketed for use in feta cheese. GDL is neutral, but hydrolyses in water to gluconic acid that is acidic, adding a tangy taste to foods, though it has roughly a third of the sourness of citric acid. It can be used as nutritional supplement in beverage such as in Instant Drinks, Syrups, RTD Tea and Coffee, Sports and Energy Drinks, Waters.
Description
Glucono delta-lactone (C6H10O6), molecular weight 178.14, is an
inner ester of gluconic acid. Commonly named gluconolactone,
other synonyms include D-gluconic acid delta-lactone, D-glucono-
1, 5-lactone, and D-delta-gluconolactone. Some of its earliest uses
as a food ingredient were as a flavoring (e.g., sherbets) and to
reduce fat absorption in doughnuts and cones. Glucono deltalactone
tastes sweet initially and has a slightly acid-aftertaste. The
unpublished GRAS uses of glucono delta-lactone are as a buffer
or neutralizing agent, an acidulant, and a leavening agent. It may
also be used at a level up to 8 oz/100 lb of product as an accelerator
of color fixing in comminuted meat or meat food products. A
survey of food processors has shown that glucono delta-lactone is
added to foods in several food categories for pH control, leavening,
and curing.Glucono delta-lactone is prepared commercially by the oxidation
of glucose with bromine water. It is available commercially as a
white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water (59 g/100 mL),
slightly soluble in alcohol (1 g/100 g), and insoluble in ether. It
decomposes at about 153°F.In cold water, glucono delta-lactone hydrolyzes slowly to an equilibrium
mixture of gluconic acid (55-60%) and its delta- and
gamma-lactones (40-45%). The kinetics of the hydrolysis indicates
that little gamma-lactone would be produced prior to establishing
the delta-lactone— gluconic acid equilibrium under their test
conditions, 0.05 M solution in 0.60 M acetate buffer (pH 4.63).
Within 2 h, the pH of a freshly prepared 1% aqueous solution
decreases from about 3.6 to 2.5. As the acidulant component of a
leavening formulation, glucono delta-lactone yields gluconic acid
at an accelerated rate as the temperature or concentration is
increased during processing and baking operations. The stability
of glucono delta-lactone in dry bakery mixes may be increased
and the quality of the final baked product improved by coating the
dry glucono delta-lactone with calcium stearate or vegetable oil.The use of glucono delta-lactone with nitrites in processed meats
has bacteriostatic and color stabilizing effects that are favorably
enhanced by the mild acidity imparted by gluconic acid. A low
pH also increases water-binding capacity and emulsifying qualities
of meat protein. The predictable release of gluconic acid from
glucono delta-lactone has been employed successfully for the
coagulation of milk in cheese production, particularly cottage cheese.
Uses
gluconolactone is used in cosmetics for its anti-acne properties. It can also help improve skin hydration given its water-binding ability. In addition, formulators may select gluconolactone for its action as a product stabilizer (chelating agent). Some studies indicate potential free-radical scavenging capacities as well. These properties would make it particularly relevant for use in making anti-aging, moisturizing, and possibly sun care products.
Uses
A lactone (cyclic ester) of D-gluconic acid used as a used as a sequestrant, an acidifier, or a curing, pickling, or leavening agent.
Uses
Component of many cleaning cmpds because of the sequestering ability of the gluconate radical which remains active in alk solutions; in the dairy industry to prevent milkstone; in breweries to prevent beerstone; as latent acid catalyst for acid colloid resins, particularly in textile printing; as a coagulant for tofu.
Uses
(GDL) An acidulant. It hydrolyzes to form gluconic acid in water solution and thereby creates the desired pH. The rate of acid formation is affected by temperature, concentration, and the pH of the solution. It has low acid release at room temperature and accelerated conversion into gluconic acid at high temperatures. It is readily soluble with a solubility of 59 g in 100 ml of water at 20°C. It functions as a leavening agent, acidulant, curing and pickling agent, and pH control agent. It is comparatively less tart/sour than other food acids. It is used in baked goods, fish products, desserts, and dressings.
Safety Profile
Mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Uses
Geogard(R)Ultra is a synergistic blend of gluconolactone and sodium benzoate. This blend provides broad spectrum protection against product spoilage in a variety of personal care formulations. Product Data Sheet
Chemical Properties
Powder
Uses
a product of the oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase
Purification Methods
Crystallise Dglucono-lactone from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and dry for 1hour at 110o. It can be freed from other sugars via a column of Celite and charcoal (750g of each, 90 x 7.5cm) which is washed with 0.01N formic acid until the pH of the wash is equal to that of the entering acid. The lactone is applied in H2O and eluted with 0.01N formic acid (7L), then eluted with 7.5% EtOH/0.01N formic acid (8L), then 15% EtOH/0.01N formic acid (8L) which removes pentose and isomaltose (the optical rotation of the eluates are used for sugar detection) and finally elution with aqueous formic acid provides glucolactone which is obtained by evaporating or freeze drying. Its solubility in H2O is 60% and 1% in EtOH. A solution in H2O is slightly acidic, and the lactone dissolves in an equivalent of aqueous NaOH to form sodium D-gluconate [527-07-1] M 218.1, m 2002 0 6o(dec), [ ] D 25 +12o (c 10, H2O), pK2 5 3.6. [cf p 553, Smith & Whelan Biochemical Preparations 10 127 1963, Beilstein 3 IV 1255.]
InChI:InChI=1/C6H10O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-5,7-10H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m0/s1