- Method for synthesizing 4 -halo -1, 1 and 2 -trifluoro -1 -butene (by machine translation)
-
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 4 -halo -1, 1 and 2 -trifluoro -1 -butene. , Polyhaloethane is synthesized by reaction of chlorotrifluoroethylene with halogen, and then polyhalogenated ethane is reacted with ethylene under the action of a catalyst to synthesize polyhalogenated butane, and finally, 4 - halogenated -1, 1 and 2 -trifluoro -1 -butene are dehalogenated under the action of a reducing agent. The method has the characteristics of simple synthesis method, high product purity and low preparation cost. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0008
(2020/06/20)
-
- Method for combined production of 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane and 1,1,1-trifluorodichloroethane
-
The invention discloses a method for combined production of 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane and 1,1,1-trifluorodichloroethane. The method comprises the following steps: adding reaction raw materials comprising hydrofluoric acid, hexachloroethane and tetrachloroethylene into a reaction autoclave according to a molar ratio of (10-40):(0.8-2.5):(1.2-3.6), reacting, adding a catalyst for catalysis, reacting at 30-250DEG C under 0.3-3.0Mpa for 2-12h, washing with water, washing with an alkali, and carrying out rectifying purification to obtain the products 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane and 1,1,1-trifluorodichloroethane, wherein the catalyst can be metal fluoride or metal chloride, the metal fluoride comprises AlF3, SbF3, SbF5 and ZnF2, and the metal chloride comprises SbCl5. The synthetic method has the advantages of abundant sources and low price of the raw materials, high reaction yield, easy reaction feeding, easy separation and extraction of the generated products, and realization of industrial continuous production.
- -
-
Paragraph 0044; 0045
(2017/01/12)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE FLUORINATION OF HALOOLEFINS
-
A process for the fluorination of haloolefins with elemental fluorine in the presence of anhydrous HF proceeds with high yield and selectivity in the product deriving from the addition of fluorine to the carbon-carbon double bond.
- -
-
Page/Page column 6
(2012/02/02)
-
- PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING CHLOROFLUOROCARBON COMPOUNDS USING INORGANIC FLUORIDE
-
Methods and systems for producing chlorofluorocarbon with an inorganic fluoride (e.g., germanium tetrafluoride (GeF4)) are disclosed herein.
- -
-
Page/Page column 4
(2008/12/04)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 1,1,1,3,3,3-HEXAFLUOROPROPANE
-
A process for the preparation of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane is disclosed. The process involves (a) contacting at least one halopropane of the formula CF3CH2CHyX3-y (where each X is independently F, Cl or Br, and y is 3, 2, or 1) with Cl?2#191 in the presence of light or a free radical initiator to produce a mixture comprising CF3CH2CCIyX3-y; (b) contacting the CF3CH2CCIyX3-y produced in step (a) with HF, optionally in the presence of a fluorination catalyst, to produce a product mixture comprising CF3CH2CF3; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CF3 from the mixture produced in step (b).
- -
-
Page/Page column 14-15
(2008/06/13)
-
- Method and apparatus for transforming chemical fluids using halogen or oxygen in a photo-treatment process
-
A method of treatment of reactant fluids such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrochlorocarbons (HCCs), and hydrocarbons (HCs) for the production of new chemical fluids. Another method of treatment for the transformation of the reactant fluids having impurities present in the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or fluorocarbons (FCs) for yielding a high quality chemical product. Reactant fluids with impurities present in used CFC or FC may form an azeotropic mixture. A photochemical reaction is used wherein the reactant fluids are molecules with hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen-carbon bond. The process is comprised of the following steps: placing the reactant fluids into a process compartment of the photochemical reactor; placing halogen fluid or oxygen fluid into the process compartment of the photochemical reactor, wherein the halogen fluid is selected from a group consisting of chlorine (Cl2), bromine (Br2) and iodine (I2); and irradiating the fluids and the halogen or oxygen fluid using radiant energy from lamps operating in the visible and ultraviolet light regions of the electromagnetic spectrum to conduct thermolysis, photolysis and photochemical treatment by halogenating or oxidizing the molecules of the reactant fluids with the halogen or oxygen fluids to form halogenated or oxidized fluids during a dwell time period.
- -
-
Page/Page column 4-5
(2008/06/13)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,1,1,2,2-PENTAFLUOROETHANE
-
A process for the preparation of pentafluoroethane is disclosed which involves contacting a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride and at least one one starting material selected from haloethanes of the formula CX3191CHX2 and haloethenes of the formula CX2=CX2, where each X is independently selected from the group consisting of F and Cl (provided that no more than four of X are F), with a fluorination catalyst in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, pentafluoroethane, underfluorinated halogenated hydrocarbon intermediates and less than 0.2 mole percent chloropentafluoroethane based on the total moles of halogenated hydrocarbons in the product mixture. The process is characterized by the fluorination catalyst comprising (i) a crystalline cobalt-substituted alpha-chromium oxide where from about 0.05 atom % to about 6 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by trivalent cobalt (Co+3) and/or (ii) a fluorinated crystalline oxide of (i).
- -
-
-
- Preparation of highly fluorinated cyclopropanes and ring-opening reactions with halogens
-
Various highly fluorinated cyclopropanes 1 were prepared by reaction of the appropriate fluorinated olefins with hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) at 180 °C. The fluorinated nitrile le was converted to the triazine derivatives 2a and 2b by catalysis with Ag2O and NH3/(CF3CO)2O, respectively. The fluorinated cyclopropanes reacted with halogens at elevated temperatures to provide the first useful, general synthesis of 1,3-dihalopolyfluoropropanes. At 150-240 °C, hexafluorocyclopropane and halogens X2 produce XCF2CF2CF2X (X = Cl, Br, I) in 50-80% isolated yields. Pentafluorocyclopropanes c-C3F5Y [Y = Cl, OCF3, OC3F7 and OCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2Z; Z = SO2F, CN, CO2Me] react regiospecifically at 150 °C to give XCF2CF2CFXY, c-C3F5Br reacts regioselectively with Br2 to give a 16.7:1 mixture of BrCF2CF2 CFBr2:BrCF2CFBrCF2Br, whereas c-C3F5H reacts unselectively with I2 to produce a statistical 2:1 mixture of ICF2CF2CFHI:ICF2CFHCF2I. Tri- and di(pentafluorocyclopropyl) derivatives 2 also undergo ring-opening reaction with halogens to give 16 and 17. Upon treatment of tetrafluorocyclopropanes 1j, 1k, and 1l with Br2 or I2, ring opening occurred exclusively at substituted carbons to give XCF2CF2CXY2. Thermolysis of the ring-opened product ICF2CF2CFIORF at 240 °C gave RFI and ICF2CF2COF in high yields.
- Yang, Zhen-Yu
-
p. 4410 - 4416
(2007/10/03)
-
- Conversion of 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane to 1,1,1-trichlorotrifluoroethane and 1,1-dichlorotetrafluoroethane over aluminium-based catalysts
-
Conversion of CCl2FCClF2 to CCl2FCF3 is achieved in the temperature range, 593-713 K, under flow conditions by using the catalysts, β-AlF3 or γ-alumina, prefluorinated with CCl2F2/sub
- Bozorgzadeh,Kemnitz,Nickkho-Amiry,Skapin,Winfield
-
-
- Generation of radical species in surface reactions of chlorohydrocarbons and chlorocarbons with fluorinated gallium(III) oxide or indium(III) oxide
-
The reactions of C1 and C2 chlorohydrocarbons and chlorocarbons have been studied with the Lewis acid catalysts fluorinated gallium(III) oxide and fluorinated indium(III) oxide, respectively. Product analysis shows chlorine-for-fluorine exchange reactions together with the formation of 2-methylpropane and its chlorinated analogues 2-chloromethyl-1,3-dichloropropane and 2-chloromethyl-1,2,3-trichloropropane. Reactivities of the chlorohydrocarbon probe molecules show fluorinated gallium(III) oxide to be a stronger Lewis acid than fluorinated indium(III) oxide. The formation of the symmetrical butyl compounds is consistent with the generation of surface radical species and is also consistent with a 1,2-migration mechanism operating within radical moieties at the Lewis acid surface.
- Thomson
-
p. 1881 - 1885
(2007/10/03)
-
- Liquid phase fluorination process and fluorinated organic products resulting therefrom
-
In an improved process and plant for carrying out liquid phase fluorination in the presence of a catalyst, consisting in reacting hydrofluoric acid and an organic starting material in a reaction zone, and in separating, in a separating zone, reactional mixture and at least one light fraction containing the desired fluorinated organic products and at least a first part of the sub-fluorinated organic products formed, and a heavy fraction that includes the remainder of the sub-fluorinated organic products formed, and further comprising partial condensation of the said light fraction in order to obtain a gaseous phase containing the desired fluorinated organic products and a liquid phase containing said first part of the said sub-fluorinated organic products, said heavy fraction being returned to said reaction zone and said liquid phase being returned as a reflux to the top of the separation zone, intermediate recovery is carried out at, or in the proximity of, the lower portion of said separation zone.
- -
-
-
- A new approach to the synthesis of 2,2-difluoro-1,3-dioxolanes
-
A direct and versatile way to prepare halogenated 2,2-difluoro-1,3-dioxolanes through the addition of bis(fluoroxy)difluoromethane (BDM) to halogenated alkenes (CF2=CFCF3, CF2=CFOCF2CF3, CF2=CHCF3, CF3CF=CFCF3, CFCl=CFCl, CFBr=CFBr, CCl2=CCl2, CHCl=CCl2, CHCl=CHCl, CH2=CHCl, CF2=CFCl, (CF3)2CFCF=CFCF3, CF2=CFBr, CF2=CF2) has been discovered. - Keywords: Synthesis; Difluorodioxolanes; NMR spectroscopy; IR spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry
- Navarrini, W.,Bragante, L.,Fontana, S.,Tortelli, V.,Zedda, A.
-
p. 111 - 118
(2007/10/02)
-
- Room-temperature Catalytic Fluorination of C1 and C2 Chlorocarbons and Chlorohydrocarbons on Fluorinated Fe3O4 and Co3O4
-
A study of the room-temperature reactions of a series of C1 and C2 chlorohydrocarbon and chlorocarbon substrate molecules with fluorinated iron(II,III) oxide and cobalt(II,III) oxide has been conducted.The results show that fluorinated iron(II,III) oxide exhibits an ability to incorporate fluorine into the following substrates in the order: Cl2C=CCl2 > H2C=CCl2 > CH3CCl3 > CHCl3 > CH2Cl2 > CH2ClCCl3 > CCl4 > CHCl2CHCl2.The fluorinated cobalt(II,III) oxide gave the reactivity series CHCl3 > CCl4 > H2C=CCl2 > CHCl2CHCl2 > CH2Cl2 > CH3CCl3 > CCl2CCl2 > CH2ClCl3.Reactions of C1 chlorohydrocarbon or chlorocarbon probe molecules with fluorinated Fe3O4 gave predominately C1 chlorofluorohydrocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon products, respectively, whereas fluorinated cobalt(II,III) oxide produced predominately C2 chlorofluorohydrocarbon and chlorofluorocarbons.For fluorinated Co3O4 the distribution of C2 products obtained from C1 chlorohydrocarbon precursor molecules is consistent with the formation of radical intermediates at strong Lewis acid surfaces.C2 chlorohydrocarbons exhibit a fluorine for chlorine (F-for-Cl) exchange reaction through the catalytic dehydrochlorination of the substrate to the alkenic intermediate.The F-for-Cl exchange process was dependent upon the ability of the substrate material to undergo dehydrochlorination; the inability of a substrate to undergo dehydrochlorination results in the fluorination process proceeding through the formation of chlorocarbon or chlorohydrocarbon radical intermediates.
- Thomson, James
-
p. 3585 - 3590
(2007/10/02)
-
- REACTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH SF4-HF-HALOGENATING SYSTEM VII. REACTIONS OF OLEFINS WITH THE SF4-HF-Cl2(Br2) SYSTEM
-
Under the influence of the SF4-HF-Cl2(Br2) system halogen-containing olefins undergo conjugate halogenofluorination.It was shown for the case of (Z)- and (E)- 1,2-dichloroethenes that these reactions take place anti-stereospecifically through the formation of the bromonium ions.The accumulation of chlorine atoms in the olefin molecule hinders electrophilic addition of stoichiometric equivalents of ClF and BrF at the double bond.The SF4-HF-Br2 system is an effective agent for substitutive fluorination of organic compounds containing bromine.Only the bromine atoms situated at the secondary carbon atom are substituted by fluorine.
- Kunshenko, B. V.,Mokhamed, Nagib Mukhtar,Omarov, V. O.,Muratov, N. N.,Yagupol'skii, L. M.
-
p. 511 - 518
(2007/10/02)
-
- Process for preparing chlorotrifluoroethylene
-
Chlorotrifluoroethylene is effectively prepared by reacting 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, copper, tin, zinc, chromium and their oxides.
- -
-
-
- Kinetics and Mechanisms of the CO2 Laser Induced Decompositions of CFCl3 and CF2Cl2
-
The kinetics and reaction mechanisms of the decomposition of CFCl3 and CF2Cl2 induced by a continuous CO2 laser are examined and compared with previous results for CF3Cl.All three compounds exhibit two temperature regimes, with similar reaction mechanisms in the low-temperature regimes and significantly different mechanisms in the high-temperature regimes.
- Zitter, R. N.,Koster, D. F.,Choudhury, T. K.,Cantoni, A.
-
p. 2374 - 2377
(2007/10/02)
-
- Stabilization of chlorofluoroalkanes
-
A method of stabilizing a composition comprising a chlorofluoroalkane and an amine or amine-based polyol comprising incorporating into said composition an effective stabilization promoting amount of at least one but-3-en-1-ol compound and compositions comprising at least one chlorofluoroalkane and a stabilization promoting but-3-en-1-ol.
- -
-
-
- REACTIONS OF HALOGEN FLUORIDES. X. FLUORINATION OF CHLORINE-SUBSTITUTED ALKANES WITH BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE
-
Bromine trifluoride in Freon 113 readily substitutes the chlorine atoms in monochloroalkanes by fluorine, while in the presence of catalytic amounts of certain Lewis acids it is also capable of substituting the chlorine atoms in polychloroalkanes with the formation of the corresponding fluorides.Additions of tin tetrachloride make it possible not only to increase the reaction rate but also to increase the selectivity of fluorination.In some cases substitution of a primary chlorine atom is accompanied by hydride transfers.
- Kartashov, A. V.,Chuvatkin, N. N.,Boguslavskaya, L. S.
-
p. 2276 - 2278
(2007/10/02)
-
- FLUORINATION OF HYDROGEN-CONTAINING OLEFINS WITH ELEMENTAL FLUORINE
-
The hydrohalo-olefins cis and trans CHCl=CHCl, CHCl=CCl2, CHCl=CH-CH2Cl and CH2=CCl-CH2Cl have been fluorinated with elemental fluorine to give good yields of hydrohalofluoroalkanes.The best operational conditions for F2 addition to the double bond rather than hydrogen and/or chlorine atom substitution, dimerization and oligomerization of radical intermediates have been studied.Pleriminary studies on the reaction of Freon 12 and Freon 22 towards elemental fluorine have also been carried out.
- Conte, L.,Gambaretto, G. P.,Napoli, M.,Gervasutti, C.
-
p. 319 - 326
(2007/10/02)
-
- REACTION OF FLUOROOLEFINS WITH THE SF4-HF-S2Cl2 SYSTEM
-
The reactions of 3,3,3-trifluoropropylene, 1,2-dichlorodifluoroethylene, and chlorotrifluoroethylene with the SF4-HF-S2Cl2 system was studied.The reaction leads to the formation of sulfides, polysulfides, or sulfenyl chlorides, the structures of which correspond to the addition of stoichiometric equivalents of sulfur monofluoride or difluoride at the double bond of the fluoroolefins.
- Muratov, N. N.,Mohamed, Nagib Muhbar,Kushenko, B. V.,Alekseeva, L. A.,Yagupol'skii, L. M.
-
p. 862 - 866
(2007/10/02)
-
- PREPARATION OF CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE FROM DICHLOROTETRAFLUOROETHANE
-
Gaseous fluorination with hydrogen fluoride at atmospheric pressure of the two isomers CClF2-CClF2 and CCl2F-CF3 was carried out continuously on a chromic oxide based catalyst.The fluorinated derivative, obtained in a yield greater than 90percent, was chloropentafluoroethane.Hexafluoroethane and an isomeric mixture of trichlorotrifluoroethane were obtained as by-products.The latter was recycled with unconverted C2Cl2F4 for further fluorination.Both conversion of C2Cl2F4 and selectivity to the formation of C2ClF5 were affected by temperature, contact time and molar ratio of the reagents.The catalytic activity of chromic oxide was adversely affected by small amounts of water in the hydrogen fluoride.A difference was also observed in the reactivity of the two isomers CCl2F-CF3 and CClF2-CClF2.The formation of C2Cl3F3 as a by-product was due to the disproportionating activity of chromic oxide upon C2Cl2F4.
- Marangoni, L.,Gervasutti, C.
-
-
- Reaction of Bistrifluoromethylaminosulphenyl Chloride with Fluoro-olefins and Hexafluorobut-2-yne under Free-radical Conditions
-
Reaction of bistrifluoromethylaminosulphenyl chloride with unsymmetrical fluoro-olefins in daylight or under photochemical conditions gives both possible 1:1 adducts (ca. 1:1) arising from homolytic fission of the S-Cl bond.Addition to octafluorobut-2-ene and hexafluorobut-2-yne gives mixtures of the syn- and anti- adducts.
- Service, Colin F.,Tipping, Anthony E.
-
p. 135 - 140
(2007/10/02)
-
- Aerosol compositions containing finely divided solid materials
-
An aerosol composition capable of dispensing dry particles uniformly in a very fine particle size, comprising solid particles coated with a dry coating of a perfluorinated surfactant, suspended in a propellant. The propellant utilized may be of the perfluorinated environmentally preferred type.
- -
-
-
- Preparation of alkyl perbromates
-
Derivatives of perbromic acid of the formula: XBrO4 wherein X is Ag, H3)2 CH, or (CH3)2 C2 H3 prepared by a synthesis of silver perbromate through the reaction of dilute aqueous perbromic acid with silver oxide at a temperature from 0° to 50° C, followed by a removal of water and by a synthesis of isopropyl or isobutyl perbromate through the reaction of anhydrous silver perbromate suspended in a fluid selected from the class consisting of carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane with an alkyl bromide at a temperature from -25° to 0° C. Isopropyl and isobutyl perbromates are useful as oxidizing agents for alcohols.
- -
-
-
