104-76-7Relevant articles and documents
Preparation and catalytic performance of NiO-MnO2/Nb2O5-TiO2 for one-step synthesis of 2-ethylhexanol from n-butyraldehyde
An, Hualiang,Li, Sibo,Wang, Yanji,Zhang, Jiaxun,Zhao, Xinqiang
, (2021)
One-pot synthesis of 2-ethylhexanol(2EHO) from n-butyraldehyde is of commercialimportance. The promotion of 2EHO selectivity requires suppressing direct hydrogenation of n-butyraldehyde. In this work, a series of NiO-MOx/Nb2O5-TiO2 catalysts were prepared and utilized by means of reduction-in-reaction technique, aiming at delaying the formation of metal sites and suppressing the direct hydrogenation. NiO-MnO2/Nb2O5-TiO2 with a Ni/Mn mass ratio of 10 and NiO-MnO2 loading of 14.3 wt% shows the best catalytic performance; 2-EHO selectivity could reach 90.0% at a complete conversion of n-butyraldehyde. Furthermore the catalyst could be used for four times without a substantial change in its catalytic performance.
Non-Oxidative Dehydrogenation Pathways for the Conversion of C2-C4 Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds
Shylesh, Sankaranarayanapillai,Kim, Daeyoup,Ho, Christopher R.,Johnson, Gregory R.,Wu, Jason,Bell, Alexis T.
, p. 3959 - 3962 (2015)
Gold nanoparticles (NPs) supported on hydrotalcite (Au/HT) are highly active and selective catalysts for the continuous, gas-phase, non-oxidative dehydrogenation of bioderived C2-C4 alcohols. A sharp increase in turn over frequency (TOF) is noted when the size of Au NPs is less than 5 'nm relating to the strong synergy between metallic Au NPs and the acid-base groups on the support surface. It is shown that catalytic activity depends critically on Au NP size, support composition, and support pretreatments. A reaction pathway elucidated from kinetic isotope effects suggests that the abstraction of β-H by Au NPs (C-H activation) is the rate-determining step in the dehydrogenation of bioderived C2-C4 alcohols. All that′s good is gold: Gold nanoparticles supported on calcined hydrotalcite (Au/HT) are highly active and very selective catalysts for the continuous, gas-phase, non-oxidative dehydrogenation of bioderived C2-C4 alcohols.
Reaction of ethanol over hydroxyapatite affected by Ca/P ratio of catalyst
Tsuchida, Takashi,Kubo, Jun,Yoshioka, Tetsuya,Sakuma, Shuji,Takeguchi, Tatsuya,Ueda, Wataru
, p. 183 - 189 (2008)
The mineral hydroxyapatite [HAP; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] is the chief component of animal bones and teeth. It also is known to function as a catalyst with both acid and base sites, depending on the manner in which it is synthesized. We closely studied the reaction of ethanol over HAP using catalysts of different Ca/P molar ratios. These were prepared by controlling the pH of the solution during precipitation synthesis. We found that the distribution of acid sites and basic sites on the catalyst surface varied with the Ca/P ratio of HAP. The yields of ethylene, 1-butanol, and 1,3-butadiene were correlated with the ratio of acid sites and basic sites. We further found that yields of higher alcohols, such as 1-butanol, that are known as Guerbet alcohols and are characteristic products of ethanol over HAP, are functions of the probability of ethanol activation (α) on the catalyst surface.
Catalytic Upgrading of Ethanol to n-Butanol via Manganese-Mediated Guerbet Reaction
Kulkarni, Naveen V.,Brennessel, William W.,Jones, William D.
, p. 997 - 1002 (2018)
Replacement of precious metal catalysts in the Guerbet upgrade of ethanol to n-butanol with first-row metal complex catalysts is highly appreciated due to their economic and environmental friendliness. The manganese pincer complexes of the type [(RPNP)MnBr(CO)2] (R = iPr, Cy, tBu, Ph or Ad) are found to be excellent catalysts for upgrading ethanol to n-butanol. Under suitable reaction conditions and with an appropriate base, about 34% yield of n-butanol can be obtained in high selectivity. A detailed account on the effect of the temperature, solvent, nature, and proportion of base used and the stereoelectronic effects of the ligand substituents on the catalytic activity of the catalysts as well as the plausible deactivation pathways is presented.
Transformations of butyraldehyde in the presence of catalysts based on large-pore molecular sieves VPI-5 and AlPO4-8
Isakov, Ya. I.,Minachev, Kh. M.,Tome, R.,Tissler, A.,Oehlmann, G.,et al.
, p. 2004 - 2010 (1994)
It was found that zeolite-like ctystalline aluminophosphates VPI-5, Si-VPI-5, and Mn-VPI-5 as well as those derived from them, AlPO4-8, SAPO4-8, and MnAPO4-8, are capable of catalyzing aldol condensation and crotonization of butyraldehyde (BA).Pd/AlPO4-8 is catalytically active in hydrocondensation of BA with H2 at atmospheric pressure.The activities in BA conversion to 2-ethylhexane-3-ol-1-al increase in following order: Mn-VPI-5 +NaX (CsNaX), but they are much more stable.Pd/AlPO4-8 catalyzes BA conversion to 2-ethylhexanal even in the absence of H2 feed to the reaction zone.The influence of catalyst pretreatments and experimental conditions on the catalyst structures and catalytic activities is discussed. - Key words: butyraldehyde; condendation; crystalline aluminophosphates; molecular sieves; VPI-5; AlPO4-8; catalysis.
SODIUM SULFIDE AS A SELECTIVE REDUCING REAGENT FOR ALDEHYDES TO ALCOHOLS. USE OF ALUMINA AS AN EFFECTIVE CATALYST
Kamitori, Yasuhiro,Hojo, Masaru,Masuda, Ryoichi,Yamamoto, Masaki
, p. 253 - 254 (1985)
Intrinsic reactivity of sodium sulfide is well controlled by impregnating it on alumina, so that aldehydes can be readily reduced to the corresponding alcohols, while ketones, esters and even nitro compounds are all inert toward this reagent.
Direct self-condensation of bio-alcohols in the aqueous phase
Xu, Guoqiang,Lammens, Tijs,Liu, Qiang,Wang, Xicheng,Dong, Linlin,Caiazzo, Aldo,Ashraf, Nadim,Guan, Jing,Mu, Xindong
, p. 3971 - 3977 (2014)
Bio-alcohols (e.g. ethanol, butanol) are primarily obtained as diluted aqueous solutions from biomass fermentation, and thus the subsequent isolation is a very costly process. So the direct transformation of bio-alcohols in water will have great advantages. This study describes the development of catalysts used for the self-condensation of bio-alcohols in water (that mimic the primary fermentation solutions). Efficient iridium catalysts have been developed rationally from homogeneous to heterogeneous, and the immobilized catalysts could be reused without any loss of activity, which is very important for the development of practical processes. The expected self-condensation could be realized with 80-90% selectivity in water and air. Such a protocol might be used for producing butanol from ethanol solution directly, which is an improved higher-alcohol biofuel. Other useful chemicals, such as 2-ethylhexanol, could also be obtained from renewable resources through this condensation reaction. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
Conversion of ethanol into linear primary alcohols on gold, nickel, and gold–nickel catalysts
Chistyakov,Zharova,Tsodikov,Nikolaev,Krotova,Ezzhelenko
, p. 803 - 811 (2016)
The direct conversion of ethanol into the linear primary alcohols CnH2n+1OH (n = 4, 6, and 8) in the presence of the original mono- and bimetallic catalysts Au/Al2O3, Ni/Al2O3, and Au–Ni/Al2O3 was studied. It was established that the rate and selectivity of the reaction performed under the conditions of a supercritical state of ethanol sharply increased in the presence of Au–Ni/Al2O3. The yield of target products on the bimetallic catalyst was higher by a factor of 2–3 than that reached on the monometallic analogs. Differences in the catalytic behaviors of the Au, Ni, and Au–Ni systems were discussed with consideration for their structure peculiarities and reaction mechanisms.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Berberisinol, a New Flavone from Berberis baluchistanica
Pervez, Samreen,Saeed, Muhammad,Ali, Muhammad Shaiq,Fatima, Itrat,Khan, Haroon,Ullah, Irfan
, p. 247 - 251 (2019)
A new flavone, berberisinol (1), has been isolated from the EtOAc fraction of the MeOH extract of Berberis baluchistanica, along with known compounds, palmatine (2), berberine (3), 8-oxoberberine (4), β-sitosterol (5), oleanolic acid (6), and gallic acid (7), isolated for the first time from this species. Spectroscopic techniques including two-dimensional NMR were used for structural elucidation. Berberisinol (1) showed significant antibacterial and antioxidant potential.
Cascade engineered synthesis of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol from n-butanal and 2-methyl-1-pentanol from n-propanal using combustion synthesized Cu/Mg/Al mixed metal oxide trifunctional catalyst
Patankar, Saurabh C.,Yadav, Ganapati D.
, p. 223 - 233 (2017)
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol (2-EH) is a commercially important chemical that requires cost effective catalytic processes for synthesis. The cascade engineered synthesis of 2-EH was done in a single pot from n-butanal using solventless conditions with trifunctional mixed metal oxide containing 5% Cu and Mg/Al ratio of 3. This trifunctional catalyst was made by combustion synthesis technique which resulted in a porous network with narrow pore size distribution. The catalyst was characterized before and after reuse by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, CO2-TPD, NH3-TPD, TPR, TGA and nitrogen BET analysis. The kinetics of reaction and selectivity profile of 2-EH are reported. The work was extended to one pot cascade engineered synthesis of 2-methyl-1-pentanol (2-MP) from n-propanal using the same catalyst. There was a significant effect of molecular size on rate of reaction and selectivity of the product. This is the first ever report on the one pot synthesis of 2-MP from n-propanal.
